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Author: Kelly N. Jahn Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 172
Book Description
Cochlear implants (CIs) can improve auditory perception for children and adults with severe to profound hearing loss, but little is known about how to optimize clinical interventions for individual patients. In fact, children and adults receive largely the same CI programming strategies despite their divergent hearing histories and auditory needs. Since CIs are designed to interface directly with the auditory nerve, knowledge of the physiological integrity of the spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) may assist in developing patient-specific programming recommendations for children and adults. A series of experiments was conducted to quantify various aspects of SGN health in children and adults with CIs. Using the electrically evoked compound action potential (ECAP), the first two experiments determined whether local (within-ear) or global (across-ear) estimates of SGN density differ between child-implanted and adult-implanted listeners. A third experiment assessed the validity of using polarity sensitivity to infer the health of the peripheral processes in CI listeners, and a fourth experiment determined whether polarity sensitivity differed between children and adults with CIs. The results of these experiments suggested that young CI listeners who were deafened and implanted during childhood likely have denser populations of viable SGNs than older, adult-implanted listeners. However, deaf individuals may experience some degree of peripheral process degeneration regardless of their hearing history. The knowledge gained from these experiments suggests that optimal CI programming strategies may differ for children and adults. The results of this dissertation provide several avenues for future investigation of individualized programming parameters in listeners with diverse hearing histories.
Author: Kelly N. Jahn Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 172
Book Description
Cochlear implants (CIs) can improve auditory perception for children and adults with severe to profound hearing loss, but little is known about how to optimize clinical interventions for individual patients. In fact, children and adults receive largely the same CI programming strategies despite their divergent hearing histories and auditory needs. Since CIs are designed to interface directly with the auditory nerve, knowledge of the physiological integrity of the spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) may assist in developing patient-specific programming recommendations for children and adults. A series of experiments was conducted to quantify various aspects of SGN health in children and adults with CIs. Using the electrically evoked compound action potential (ECAP), the first two experiments determined whether local (within-ear) or global (across-ear) estimates of SGN density differ between child-implanted and adult-implanted listeners. A third experiment assessed the validity of using polarity sensitivity to infer the health of the peripheral processes in CI listeners, and a fourth experiment determined whether polarity sensitivity differed between children and adults with CIs. The results of these experiments suggested that young CI listeners who were deafened and implanted during childhood likely have denser populations of viable SGNs than older, adult-implanted listeners. However, deaf individuals may experience some degree of peripheral process degeneration regardless of their hearing history. The knowledge gained from these experiments suggests that optimal CI programming strategies may differ for children and adults. The results of this dissertation provide several avenues for future investigation of individualized programming parameters in listeners with diverse hearing histories.
Author: Joseph M. Miller Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461232562 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 416
Book Description
This volume describes a new direction in technological and biomedical developments for profoundly deaf individuals. The first section covers topics of tissue characteristics, such as responses to electrical stimulation and computer modelling of cochlea currents. Perception of acoustic signals, responses and behavioral pattern as well as psychophysical aspects are treated in the second part. Part III is addressed to perspectives and challenges of encoding schemes. Reports on studies of acoustic and electrical encoding of temporal information, speech features with cochlear implants as well as psychophysical and speech perceptual studies will allow further strategies for cochlea implants.
Author: Pim van Dijk Publisher: Springer ISBN: 331925474X Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 487
Book Description
The International Symposium on Hearing is a prestigious, triennial gathering where world-class scientists present and discuss the most recent advances in the field of human and animal hearing research. The 2015 edition will particularly focus on integrative approaches linking physiological, psychophysical and cognitive aspects of normal and impaired hearing. Like previous editions, the proceedings will contain about 50 chapters ranging from basic to applied research, and of interest to neuroscientists, psychologists, audiologists, engineers, otolaryngologists, and artificial intelligence researchers.
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309096316 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 481
Book Description
Innovative medical devices have helped reduce the burden of illness and injury and improve the quality of life for countless children. Mechanical ventilators and other respiratory support devices rescue thousands of fragile newborns every year. Children who once would have died of congenital heart conditions survive with the aid of implanted pacemakers, mechanical heart valves, and devices that close holes in the heart. Responding to a Congressional request, the Institute of Medicine assesses the system for postmarket surveillance of medical devices used with children. The book specifically examines: The Food and Drug Administration's monitoring and use of adverse event reports The agency's monitoring of manufacturers' fulfillment of commitments for postmarket studies ordered at the time of a device's approval for marketing The adequacy of postmarket studies of implanted devices to evaluate the effects of children's active lifestyles and their growth and development on device performance Postmarket surveillance of medical devices used with children is a little investigated topic, in part because the market for most medical products is concentrated among older adults. Yet children differ from adults, and their special characteristics have implications for evaluation and monitoring of the short- and long-term safety and effectiveness of medical devices used with young patients.
Author: John K. Niparko Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins ISBN: 9780781777490 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 372
Book Description
Thoroughly updated for its Second Edition, this book provides an in-depth discussion on prosthetic restoration of hearing via implantation. The text succinctly discusses the scientific principles behind cochlear implants, examines the latest technology, and offers practical advice on how to assess candidates, how to implant the devices, and what rehabilitation is most effective. The authors thoroughly examine the outcomes of cochlear implantation, the impact on the patient's quality of life, the benefits in relation to the costs, and the implications of cochlear implants for language and speech acquisition and childhood education.
Author: Fan-Gang Zeng Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1441994343 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 397
Book Description
Cochlear implants are currently the standard treatment for profound sensorineural hearing loss. In the last decade, advances in auditory science and technology have not only greatly expanded the utility of electric stimulation to other parts of the auditory nervous system in addition to the cochlea, but have also demonstrated drastic changes in the brain in responses to electric stimulation, including changes in language development and music perception. Volume 20 of SHAR focused on basic science and technology underlying the cochlear implant. However, due to the newness of the ideas and technology, the volume did not cover any emerging applications such as bilateral cochlear implants, combined acoustic-electric stimulation, and other types of auditory prostheses, nor did it review brain plasticity in responses to electric stimulation and its perceptual and language consequences. This proposed volume takes off from Volume 20, and expands the examination of implants into new and highly exciting areas. This edited book starts with an overview and introduction by Dr. Fan-Gang Zeng. Chapters 2-9 cover technological development and the advances in treating the full spectrum of ear disorders in the last ten years. Chapters 10-15 discuss brain responses to electric stimulation and their perceptual impact. This volume is particularly exciting because there have been quantum leap from the traditional technology discussed in Volume 20. Thus, this volume is timely and will be of real importance to the SHAR audience.
Author: Ray Meddis Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1441959343 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 290
Book Description
The Springer Handbook of Auditory Research presents a series of comprehensive and synthetic reviews of the fundamental topics in modern auditory research. The v- umes are aimed at all individuals with interests in hearing research including advanced graduate students, post-doctoral researchers, and clinical investigators. The volumes are intended to introduce new investigators to important aspects of hearing science and to help established investigators to better understand the fundamental theories and data in fields of hearing that they may not normally follow closely. Each volume presents a particular topic comprehensively, and each serves as a synthetic overview and guide to the literature. As such, the chapters present neither exhaustive data reviews nor original research that has not yet appeared in pe- reviewed journals. The volumes focus on topics that have developed a solid data and conceptual foundation rather than on those for which a literature is only beg- ning to develop. New research areas will be covered on a timely basis in the series as they begin to mature.
Author: Wolfgang Arnold Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers ISBN: 3805581130 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 391
Book Description
Otosclerosis is a disorder causing a hardening of the middle ear bones which leads to a progressive hearing loss. Internationally renowned experts met in Saas Fee (Switzerland) in 2004 to discuss otosclerosis and stapes surgery, and they have subsequently
Author: Kelly N. Jahn
Author: Kelly N. Jahn
Author: Joseph M. Miller
Author: Pim van Dijk
Author: Institute of Medicine
Author: John K. Niparko
Author: Jace Wolfe
Author: Fan-Gang Zeng
Author: Ray Meddis
Author: Sabine Meunier
Author: Wolfgang Arnold