Essays on Technology Spillovers, Trade, and Productivity PDF Download

Author: Changsuh Park
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Industrial productivity
Languages : en
Pages : 171

View

Book Description

Author: Feng Liang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 284

View

Book Description

Author: Rashid Nikzad
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : University of Ottawa theses
Languages : en
Pages : 348

View

Book Description

Author: Siwook Lee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 258

View

Book Description

Author: Kaiji Gong
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

View

Book Description
This dissertation explores the determinants of firms' productivity growth and innovation activities. The first chapter studies the local technology spillover effects originated from multinational firms' innovation activities. The second chapter discusses the impact of import competition from China on U.S. firms' innovation activities. The third chapter introduces a new measure of firm-level regulation, and examines the consequences of rising regulation intensity in the U.S. on firms' production choices. Chapter 1 identifies the causal impact of U.S. multinationals' technology advances on their subsidiaries and the nearby domestic firms' productivity in China. By combining firm-level panel data from both the U.S. and China, I match U.S. multinationals with their manufacturing subsidiaries in China and measure the multinationals' technology stocks based on their patenting activities. To address potential endogeneity concerns, I introduce an instrumental variable strategy based on the U.S. state level R& D tax credit policies. I find multinationals' technology improvements induce increase in the output and total factor productivity (TFP) of both their subsidiaries and domestic firms in local areas. The magnitude of technology spillovers hinges on local firms' absorptive capacities, and their technological connections to the multinationals. Chapter 2 (co-authored with Rui Xu) analyzes the impact of rising import competition from China on U.S. innovative activities. Using Compustat data, we find that import competition induces R& D expenditures to be reallocated towards more productive and more profitable firms within each industry. Such reallocation effect has the potential to offset the average drop in firm-level R& D identified in the previous literature. Indeed, our quantitative analysis shows no adverse impact of import competition on aggregate R& D expenditures. Taking the analysis beyond manufacturing, we find that import competition has led to reallocation of researchers towards booming service industries, including business and repairs, personal, and financial services. Chapter 3 (co-authored with Constantine Yannelis) introduces a new measure of firm-level regulation. We find that more regulation increases labor and capital inputs. Productivity decreases, which is consistent with a model of regulation inducing non-productive investment. We employ two empirical strategies to identify the causal impact of regulation on firms, first, utilizing structural breaks and industry level regulation changes, and second, computing predicted industry level regulation measures as instruments. We conduct an event study using the surprise 2016 US election results. Firms with higher Dodd-Frank exposure exhibited higher returns following an increase in the probability of repeal.

Author: Maurice David Kugler
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 438

View

Book Description

Author: Bulent Unel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Commerce
Languages : en
Pages : 92

View

Book Description

Author: Jan Fagerberg
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 264

View

Book Description
These essays, theoretical as well as empirical, study the relationships between technology, growth, international competitiveness and employment. They also discuss the role of multinationals as vehicles for technology diffusion.

Author: Hye Lin Choi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 64

View

Book Description
Differences in income across countries are largely explained by productivity variations, and a large variation in productivity is as much due to foreign as to domestic innovation. Among others, foreign direct investment (FDI) and trade have long been suspected to be major conduits of international technology transfer. Since multinational firms are well known to be larger and more productive and to do more R&D than purely domestically-owned firms, they may have advanced technology and the entry of multinational firms may transfer their modern technology to domestic firms. Also, there are plausible mechanisms through which advanced technology of multinational firms is transferred to the domestic firms such as worker turnover, product imitation, and vertical backward/forward linkages. However, even though economists and policy makers have devoted considerable attention to the technology spillovers from foreign to domestic firms based on plausible arguments for positive impacts from multinational firms, they have not come to a common conclusion. In my first chapter, "Multinational Enterprises and Productivity Growth of Domestic Firms: Firm-Level Evidence from Canada", I estimate FDI spillovers to Canada manufacturing firms between 1994 and 2005. In order to measure productivity more properly, I adopt the Olley-Pakes method, and I apply instrumental variable estimation to solve endogeneity problem. My results suggest that there are substantial positive within-industry spillovers by FDI. In addition, my results show that larger firms benefit more from FDI spillovers and the spillovers mainly occur within low-tech industries. Those results contrast with earlier work, indicating that earlier work cannot be generalized to other countries and periods. In the second chapter, "Knowledge Spillovers through Multinational Firms in High-Tech and Low-Tech Industries" in order to have a deep understanding of the complex FDI knowledge spillovers, I disaggregate the total spillovers into high- and low-tech industries, in contrast with earlier work that have only examined its aggregate spillovers. Also, I develop a simple theory to explain the mechanism through which new technology of the foreign firms is transmitted to the domestic firms by analyzing the endogenous decision of multinational firms on the location of production of intermediate goods. The model shows different patterns of knowledge spillovers in the high- and low-tech industries: immediate catch-up to the foreign firm's advanced technology but unsustainable technology spillovers in the low-tech sectors while slow catch-up to the foreign firm's technology but continual knowledge spillovers in the high-tech sectors. The U.S. data for the years 1987-1995, broken down into high- and low-tech industries, support the model. The pattern of knowledge spillovers in the high- and low-tech industries are hump-shaped, but in low-tech industries it reaches its peak after a sharp increase while in the high-tech industries it hits its peak following a smooth increase.

Author: Alexander Chudik
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN: 180262063X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 316

View

Book Description
The collection of chapters in Volume 43 Part A of Advances in Econometrics serves as a tribute to one of the most innovative, influential, and productive econometricians of his generation, Professor M. Hashem Pesaran.