Essays on Growth, Labor Markets and Democracy PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Essays on Growth, Labor Markets and Democracy PDF full book. Access full book title Essays on Growth, Labor Markets and Democracy by Carola Moreno Valenzuela. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Carola Moreno Valenzuela Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 246
Book Description
Abstract: This dissertation studies economic growth, directly and indirectly, from three different perspectives: labor markets, financial markets, and social institutions. The issues addressed are the effect on labor markets of implementing an unemployment insurance system when eligibility is stochastic, the predictive power of sovereign spreads for future economic growth and inflation, and the impact of the democratic history of a country on economic growth. The first chapter studies the quantitative effects on the labor market of implementing an unemployment insurance system in which not all unemployed are eligible for unemployment benefits, and moreover, eligibility is positively correlated with labor productivity. The main result is that higher benefits result on higher negotiated wages for the proportion of unemployed who are insured and lower wages for the uninsured. Moreover, the average behavior of the market is driven by the proportion of insured unemployed. Consequently, the standard results are obtained: higher benefits increase average unemployment, market tightness, average wages and unemployment duration. The second chapter studies whether the spreads of sovereign bonds issued in international markets provide marginal information with which one can predict output growth and inflation. These instruments have only rarely been studied, especially in the context of emerging countries. The tests carried out for Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Malaysia and Mexico show that, in most cases, spreads are useful as leading indicators for output growth. To a lesser extent, they are also useful for predicting inflation. The main contribution of the paper is to provide an alternative financial leading indicator for economies that lack indicators at the domestic level. The third chapter proposes a particular way of thinking about the causal effect of social institutions and their impact on economic growth. The key insight is that institutions' effects cumulate over time. In contrast with the previous literature that found that current democracy plays little or no role in determining output growth this chapter shows that cumulative experience with democracy is a very significant factor. The tests are robust to several specifications, different measures of the stock of democracy and different samples.
Author: Carola Moreno Valenzuela Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 246
Book Description
Abstract: This dissertation studies economic growth, directly and indirectly, from three different perspectives: labor markets, financial markets, and social institutions. The issues addressed are the effect on labor markets of implementing an unemployment insurance system when eligibility is stochastic, the predictive power of sovereign spreads for future economic growth and inflation, and the impact of the democratic history of a country on economic growth. The first chapter studies the quantitative effects on the labor market of implementing an unemployment insurance system in which not all unemployed are eligible for unemployment benefits, and moreover, eligibility is positively correlated with labor productivity. The main result is that higher benefits result on higher negotiated wages for the proportion of unemployed who are insured and lower wages for the uninsured. Moreover, the average behavior of the market is driven by the proportion of insured unemployed. Consequently, the standard results are obtained: higher benefits increase average unemployment, market tightness, average wages and unemployment duration. The second chapter studies whether the spreads of sovereign bonds issued in international markets provide marginal information with which one can predict output growth and inflation. These instruments have only rarely been studied, especially in the context of emerging countries. The tests carried out for Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Malaysia and Mexico show that, in most cases, spreads are useful as leading indicators for output growth. To a lesser extent, they are also useful for predicting inflation. The main contribution of the paper is to provide an alternative financial leading indicator for economies that lack indicators at the domestic level. The third chapter proposes a particular way of thinking about the causal effect of social institutions and their impact on economic growth. The key insight is that institutions' effects cumulate over time. In contrast with the previous literature that found that current democracy plays little or no role in determining output growth this chapter shows that cumulative experience with democracy is a very significant factor. The tests are robust to several specifications, different measures of the stock of democracy and different samples.
Author: Gene Sperling Publisher: Penguin ISBN: 1984879898 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 385
Book Description
“Timely and important . . . It should be our North Star for the recovery and beyond.” —Hillary Clinton “Sperling makes a forceful case that only by speaking to matters of the spirit can liberals root their belief in economic justice in people’s deepest aspirations—in their sense of purpose and self-worth.” —The New York Times When Gene Sperling was in charge of coordinating economic policy in the Obama White House, he found himself surprised when serious people in Washington told him that the Obama focus on health care was a distraction because it was “not focused on the economy.” How, he asked, was the fear felt by millions of Americans of being one serious illness away from financial ruin not considered an economic issue? Too often, Sperling found that we measured economic success by metrics like GDP instead of whether the economy was succeeding in lifting up the sense of meaning, purpose, fulfillment, and security of people. In Economic Dignity, Sperling frames the way forward in a time of wrenching change and offers a vision of an economy whose guiding light is the promotion of dignity for all Americans.
Author: Bertram Silverman Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1315486881 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 252
Book Description
Nowhere is the tension attending simultaneous political democratization and economic liberalization more sharply felt than in the realm of labour relations. What is happening in Soviet trade unions today? How will the emerging independent unions respond to anticipated rises in unemployment? What kind of social regulation of the labour market will be appropriate in the future? These papers from a pathbreaking US-Soviet conference on labour issues reveal a considerable diversity of views on questions whose resolution will be essential to social peace in this period of transition. Among the noted contributors are Joseph Berliner, Sam Bowles, Richard Freeman, Leonid Gordon, V.L.Kosmarskii, Alla Nazimova, Michael Piore, Boris Rakitskii, Iurii Volkov, Ben Ward and Tatiana Zaslavskaia.
Author: Mark Harvey Publisher: Manchester University Press ISBN: 1526114054 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 164
Book Description
This book arose out of a friendship between a political philosopher and an economic sociologist, and their recognition of an urgent political need to address the extreme inequalities of wealth and power in contemporary societies. It provides a new analysis of what generates inequalities in rights to income, property and public goods in contemporary societies. By critiquing Marx’s foundational theory of exploitation, it moves beyond Marx, both in its analysis of inequality, and in its concept of just distribution. It points to the major historical transformations that create educational and knowledge inequalities, inequalities in rights to public goods that combine with those to private wealth. It argues that asymmetries of economic power are inherently gendered and racialized, and that forms of coercion and slavery are deeply embedded in the histories of capitalism.
Author: Anders Åslund Publisher: Columbia University Press ISBN: 0881325066 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 371
Book Description
One of Europe's old nations steeped in history, Ukraine is today an undisputed independent state. It is a democracy and has transformed into a market economy with predominant private ownership. Ukraine's postcommunist transition has been one of the most protracted and socially costly, but it has taken the country to a desirable destination. Åslund's vivid account of Ukraine's journey begins with a brief background, where he discusses the implications of Ukraine's history, the awakening of society because of Mikhail Gorbachev's reforms, the early democratization, and the impact of the ill-fated Soviet economic reforms. He then turns to the reign of President Leonid Kravchuk from 1991 to 1994, the only salient achievement of which was nation-building, while the economy collapsed in the midst of hyperinflation. The first two years of Leonid Kuchma's presidency, from 1994 to 1996, were characterized by substantial achievements, notably financial stabilization and mass privatization. The period 1996–99 was a miserable period of policy stagnation, rent seeking, and continued economic decline. In 2000 hope returned to Ukraine. Viktor Yushchenko became prime minister and launched vigorous reforms to cleanse the economy from corruption, and economic growth returned. The ensuing period, 2001–04, amounted to a competitive oligarchy. It was quite pluralist, although repression increased. Economic growth was high. The year 2004 witnessed the most joyful period in Ukraine, the Orange Revolution, which represented Ukraine's democratic breakthrough, with Yushchenko as its hero. The postrevolution period, however, has been characterized by great domestic political instability; a renewed, explicit Russian threat to Ukraine's sovereignty; and a severe financial crisis. The answers to these challenges lie in how soon the European Union fully recognizes Ukraine's long-expressed identity as a European state, how swiftly Ukraine improves its malfunctioning constitutional order, and how promptly it addresses corruption.
Author: Deepak Nayyar Publisher: Taylor & Francis ISBN: 1351568353 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 244
Book Description
This book examines the critical themes of employment, growth and development to focus on challenges and opportunities, both old and new, in the contemporary world economy. The essential theme that runs through the book is that there is a strong relationship not only between employment and growth, but also between employment and development, where the causation runs in both directions. The author shows how employment transforms economic growth into meaningful development by providing livelihoods and incomes to people. While the book is primarily concerned with developing countries, it considers industrialized countries as points of reference or comparison, since the latter are a large part of an interdependent world, in which problems faced by the two sets of countries are frequently connected and sometimes common. The ten essays in this volume also provide a macroeconomic analysis of development problems situated in the wider context of a changing world economy, exploring possible solutions, to understand the implications for countries and for people. A timely collection by an eminent economist, this book will be useful to teachers, students and researchers in economics, especially those interested in macroeconomics, political economy and development studies.
Author: Adolfo Figueroa Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3031210727 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 301
Book Description
This book contains another set of essays dealing with the fundamental economic problems of our time: inequality, environment degradation, and social disorder, which are analyzed in light of the unified theory of capitalism. This theory is a scientific endeavor that seeks to explain the capitalist system taken by parts and then taken as a whole, as a unified theory. By parts, the theory analyzes the First World and the Third World and also the short run, long run, and very long run economic processes, showing why and how economic growth has led to a new epoch, with ecological equilibrium disruption, known as the Anthropocene Age. The empirical predictions of the theory are proven to be consistent with the available facts. Therefore, the theory can be accepted as a good representation of the real-world capitalism; moreover, its derived causality relations become inputs for the debate on the needed science-based policies for the new age. Indeed, this book proposes structural policies to change the way capitalism operates, through changes in its basic institutions, mainly the electoral democracy, which would certainly imply a re-foundation of the capitalist system.
Author: International Labour Office Publisher: International Labour Organization ISBN: 9789221080114 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 348
Book Description
This collection of articles by international figures from a variety of backgrounds presents wide-ranging views on the future of employment and the world of work, as well as the role of the International Labour Organization in a changing world.
Author: Kemal Dervis Publisher: Brookings Institution Press ISBN: 0815729626 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 209
Book Description
Now, more than ever, the world needs growth-oriented and socially inclusive policymaking. Is the world giving up on the promise of ever-greater prosperity for all, on functioning democratic institutions, and on long-term peace? Is the special set of circumstances that led to the recent rapid growth in emerging markets unlikely to be present in the future? Will the second decade of the twenty first century end with “secular stagnation”? Does the rise of authoritarianism, populism, and fanatic nihilism—all experienced over the last few years—threaten to unravel what has been built painstakingly since the catastrophe of World War II? Kemal Dervis addresses these and similar questions in this thought-provoking series of essays written for Project Syndicate from 2011 to 2015. The essays are organized in three sections: global economic interdependence, inequality and the political economy of reform, and the specific challenge of Europe. The common theme is the need for growth-oriented and socially inclusive policymaking in an interdependent world. These kinds of policies offer the potential for another wave of unprecedented human progress aided by breathtaking new technologies. However, a huge and destabilizing disruption is possible if policymaking is not globally cooperative and is not focused on inclusion and greater equity. These essays synthesize the experience and analysis of a scholar and policymaker with national, regional, and international experience at the highest levels. Dervis exhibits a passion for combining strongly held values with political feasibility.
Author: Carola Moreno Valenzuela
Author: Carola Moreno Valenzuela
Author: Gene Sperling
Author: Kangchul Jo
Author: Bertram Silverman
Author: Mark Harvey
Author: Anders Åslund
Author: Deepak Nayyar
Author: Adolfo Figueroa
Author: International Labour Office
Author: Kemal Dervis