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Author: Senali Amarasuriya Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Author's abstract: The majority of the OSCM literature suggests that firm innovation is positively associated with firm performance. However, as evidenced by some of the innovation failures in the real world, this seemingly intuitive relationship between innovation and firm performance has the potential to be quite nuanced and counterintuitive. Hence in this dissertation, I seek further understanding related to (1) extant OSCM research regarding the innovation-performance relationship and (2) types of firm innovation strategies- being a leader or a laggard- which will financially benefit a firm according to the market they operate in, essentially informing the management how the industry will determine whether they need to innovate or not. Essay 1 systematically reviews the extant OSCM literature on innovation focusing on research utilizing Patent and R&D data. Based on a total population of 176 Patent and R&D data-based empirical papers, I develop a novel framework based on patent measurement class data and R&D operationalization method, to guide the consistent application of patent and R&D data in future OSCM research. I also identify fifteen measurement issues falling under three classes categorized by the magnitude of their impact (high/medium or low impact) on data analysis that can impair the inferences drawn from interpreting the results. In Essay 2 I explore the conditions under which firm innovation could benefit (impede) firm performance. This specifically involves investigating the financial and operational implications of a firm’s choosing to be leading (lagging) innovators within the context of innovative (non-innovative) industries. Using generalized structural equation modeling on a sample of 18,870 firm-quarter observations belonging to the manufacturing organizations of the United States for the period from 2000 to 2020 obtained from Compustat, I find out that a firm playing in a highly innovative market will be financially better off by opting to be a laggard instead of a leader, and that being a leader or a laggard doesn’t essentially make a difference for a firm operating in a non-innovative market. Accordingly, contrary to the conventional belief that being innovative is always associated with superior firm performance, management should choose their innovation strategy based on how innovative the industry is.
Author: Senali Amarasuriya Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Author's abstract: The majority of the OSCM literature suggests that firm innovation is positively associated with firm performance. However, as evidenced by some of the innovation failures in the real world, this seemingly intuitive relationship between innovation and firm performance has the potential to be quite nuanced and counterintuitive. Hence in this dissertation, I seek further understanding related to (1) extant OSCM research regarding the innovation-performance relationship and (2) types of firm innovation strategies- being a leader or a laggard- which will financially benefit a firm according to the market they operate in, essentially informing the management how the industry will determine whether they need to innovate or not. Essay 1 systematically reviews the extant OSCM literature on innovation focusing on research utilizing Patent and R&D data. Based on a total population of 176 Patent and R&D data-based empirical papers, I develop a novel framework based on patent measurement class data and R&D operationalization method, to guide the consistent application of patent and R&D data in future OSCM research. I also identify fifteen measurement issues falling under three classes categorized by the magnitude of their impact (high/medium or low impact) on data analysis that can impair the inferences drawn from interpreting the results. In Essay 2 I explore the conditions under which firm innovation could benefit (impede) firm performance. This specifically involves investigating the financial and operational implications of a firm’s choosing to be leading (lagging) innovators within the context of innovative (non-innovative) industries. Using generalized structural equation modeling on a sample of 18,870 firm-quarter observations belonging to the manufacturing organizations of the United States for the period from 2000 to 2020 obtained from Compustat, I find out that a firm playing in a highly innovative market will be financially better off by opting to be a laggard instead of a leader, and that being a leader or a laggard doesn’t essentially make a difference for a firm operating in a non-innovative market. Accordingly, contrary to the conventional belief that being innovative is always associated with superior firm performance, management should choose their innovation strategy based on how innovative the industry is.
Author: William Lazonick Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0191628069 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Alfred D. Chandler, Jr. was, by general consensus, the pre-eminent business historian of the twentieth century. Through a prodigious body of work, Chandler made the study of the evolution of business enterprise integral to the study of the evolution of economy and society. His work combined detailed historical investigations with grand sociological syntheses. As a result, Chandler's study of the modern business enterprise invited social scientists and business academics as well as historians to contribute to our understanding of a central institution of our time. Chandler revealed how managerial activity was central to the functioning of successful industrial corporations, and hence to the performance of the economy as a whole. This book gathers together contributions from management scholars fundamentally influenced by the work of Chandler to discuss management innovation, the ways in which people who exercise strategic control over the allocation of resources put in place organizational structures that can enable an enterprise to prosper and grow. The volume offers a range of perspectives to examine the challenges that corporate management encounters.
Author: Jon R. Shelton Publisher: ISBN: Category : Corporations Languages : en Pages : 158
Book Description
The first essay develops a typology that identifies the multiple pathways, functions and operations where innovation can occur in a firm's internal business cycle based upon the extant literature that includes both technological and non-technological activities. This is an important step toward developing a comprehensive strategy for a regional economy and provides a common platform for the discussion of innovation among academics and practitioners.The typology adds to the existing knowledge of how innovation works in organizations by describing the pathways, business functions and operations in a firm's internal-business-process; the business strategies used to advance innovation to the market; and the market impact that innovation has in a regional economy.The typology is enhanced by the different threads of literature - innovation, technology, organization and marketing. The integrated approach allows academics and practitioners to understand how and where innovation occurs in firms and lays the foundation for robust metrics of the behavioral relationship between variables under study. The result is a set of assessment tools that permits diagnostics of the firm, industry, market and region. The second essay examines the relationship between innovation, emerging technologies, business firms' investment structure, and specialized types of private equity used to finance emerging technologies. A conceptual framework is developed for financial investment and a set of hypotheses tested for investment between Ohio and U.S. firms. Ohio firms take a different investing approach than U.S. firms when investing in a firm's stage of business development but are not significantly different when using specialized types of financing, investing in industry/technology niches, and investing in geographic markets.The third essay explores the role of innovation in business firms. The essay examines the reasons firms invest in innovation and then test the difference in the innovation behavior of firms. Descriptive analysis is performed in differences in the way firms engage in innovation, their preferred means of pursuing product innovation, and the reasons for engaging in product innovation. Hypotheses tests on the influence of innovation on firms' financial performance follows, as do the tests on differences in firms' contribution to the regional economy. The t-tests of the difference in means in six dimensions of economic impact performance confirm that innovative small to mid-sized firms have greater impacts on their regional economies than do their non-innovative peers.
Author: Yiwen Gao Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The rapid development of technology and the associated new challenges such as cybersecurity risk triggered the rise of new digital upper echelons such as Chief Digital Officers (CDOs) or Chief Information Security Officers (CISOs). However, there is a lack of theoretical understanding and rigorous empirical examination regarding the impacts of emerging digital upper echelon roles on firm performance. This dissertation develops three essays that examine the rising digital upper echelons' implications for firm innovation, cybersecurity strategies, and governance.The first essay examines the antecedents of CISO presence on the TMT and its consequences for firm innovation. We conduct a longitudinal empirical analysis using a unique dataset of S&P 1500 firms from several secondary sources. Our study shows that a firm's appointment of a CISO in TMT is positively influenced by the CISO presence in TMT of industry peers and their data breaches. Importantly, we find that CISO presence in TMT increases firms' innovation on average. The presence of a CISO in TMT with more experience in the same industry as the focal firm has a stronger effect on innovation, while CISOs in TMT with more experience in other industries only increase innovation when the firm's industry is not very turbulent. We also found that CISOs in TMT with a business or IT education have a stronger positive impact on firm innovation. This research is the first to assess the impact of CISO presence in TMT on non-security outcomes. We shed new light on the drivers of why firms appoint a CISO to TMT and how CISO presence in TMT impacts firm value beyond the security function. Our findings also provide managers with a nuanced understanding of how CISO backgrounds impact innovation and provide guidance for hiring CISOs who align with the firm's information management and innovation goals. The second essay focuses on how competing incentive systems (e.g., compensation) shape digital upper echelons and non-digital upper echelons impact on the firm's disclosure of data breaches in SEC fillings and the moderating role of board members' cybersecurity intensity on upper echelon members' disclosure. We draw on the agency theory to develop a theoretical model considering the divergent priorities and goals of the digital and non-digital upper echelons involved. We conducted a longitudinal analysis of public firms that have experienced data breaches. Results demonstrate that increased digital upper echelons' compensation will lead to timelier SEC data breach notifications, whereas increased non-digital upper echelons' compensation will have the opposite effect. Board cybersecurity intensity weakens the positive impacts of digital upper echelons' compensation but amplifies the negative impacts of non-digital upper echelons' compensation on notification timeliness. Hence, our findings counter the view that cybersecurity experience on the board speeds up reporting of data breaches by upper echelons. This study also delineates the differences on incentive systems between digital and non-digital upper echelons in SEC data breach notifications. Our results provide managerial implications on how to incentivize firms to disclose data breaches in SEC in a timely manner. The third essay compares two different reporting structures of CDOs and CISOs: within-group reporting structure (i.e., report to IT heads) versus across-group reporting structure (i.e., report to non-IT heads). Since reporting structure needs to be aligned with firm strategic visions, we examine (1) how CDOs' reporting structure and digital transformation jointly affect firm performance, and (2) how CISOs' reporting structure and security awareness jointly affect firm performance. We conducted a longitudinal analysis using a unique dataset collected from multiple sources. Our results demonstrate that compared with within-group reporting structure, CDOs reporting to non-IT heads weakens the positive relationship between digital transformation and the firm's prospective performance (i.e., market-to-book ratio of assets). However, CISOs reporting to non-IT heads weakens the negative relationship between security awareness and the firm's retrospective performance (i.e., operational incomes). Overall, our results highlight the advantages of CDOs' within-group reporting structure and CISOs' across-group reporting structure. This research contributes to our understanding of how CDOs' and CISOs' reporting structure aligns with firm strategic visions in shaping firm performance. Our findings offer implications to business managers on designing reporting structures and governing emerging IT executives. Overall, this three-essay dissertation enriches our understanding of the impacts of rising digital upper echelons and effective ways to govern these emerging top management roles.
Author: Subramanian Rangan Publisher: ISBN: 0198744285 Category : Business Languages : en Pages : 526
Book Description
The prevailing aspiration of business is performance, while that of society is progress. Capitalism, both the paradigm and practice, sits at the intersection of these dual aspirations, and the essays in this volume explore its fraught status there. Contributions to this volume address questions such as (i) what's the problem with capitalism?; (ii) is the problem just with the practice or with the very paradigm?; (iii) what is progress and who is responsible for it?; (iv) what evolution is required at the individual, system, and paradigm level so that enterprises and the executives who lead them may better integrate performance with progress?; and (v) whither consumers, employees, and investors in this evolution? The book offers perspectives from two distinct intellectual domains-social science and philosophy. Scholars in social science (including economics, management, and sociology) tend to study performance. Ideas of progress, on the other hand, tend to fall more under the purview of philosophers (in particular social and political philosophers). Further, to obtain an insider's view on practice and possibilities, the volume includes essays from a handful of thoughtful business leaders. Research should consider not just how to make sustainability profitable, but also how to make profitability and the modern economic system sustainable. If we are to better comprehend why the world is in protest, to reflect on progress or dilemmas of trust, we must appreciate the tenuous assumptions of modern microeconomics and markets, and hear from modern philosophers about the basis and limits of rationality.
Author: Richard Dick Wang Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 170
Book Description
This dissertation examines product positioning and development strategies by firms. Product strategies not only determine a firm's performance, but they also influence the types of goods that are available in the market. I conduct empirical evaluations on how rivalries shape product decisions, and propose a framework that guides firms to devise incentive schemes to spur new ideas which are vital to the development of innovative products. I begin by focusing on product differentiation strategy among rivals. I develop a theoretical model on programming choice by rival broadcasters in the media industry. The model predicts that the level of product differentiation is determined by the relative strengths of the rivals. I test this model using data from the Chinese satellite television industry. I analyze dynamic product positioning activities of 30 satellite television channels with respect to their dominant rival. Consistent with theory, the empirical evidence shows that weaker firms are more responsive when compared to the stronger ones to differentiate their products from the dominant rival. In a second study, I focus on product imitation strategy among rivals. I empirically examine whether rivals imitate each other when they operate in uncertain market environments. Using data from the Chinese satellite television industry, I analyze product spatial distances between the satellite television channels before and after the commercialization of the dominant rival. I find that rivals cluster in product space when they are attacked by the dominant rival. Moreover, the level of clustering is most intense immediately following the industry shock, and less so as time progresses. I find mixed evidence on firms selectively cluster with rivals that are perceived to possess superior market information. In the final essay, co-authored with John Morgan, we propose how firms may employ tournament incentive schemes to stimulate innovations which are essential to creating new products. Governments and foundations have successfully harnessed tournaments to generate innovative ideas. Yet this tool is not widely used by firms. We offer a framework for managers seeking to organize tournaments for ideas. We present the theoretical underpinnings of tournaments. We then connect the theory with three recent business concepts - the power of the network, the wisdom of crowds, and the leverage of intrinsic motivations - that boost the effectiveness of tournaments.
Author: Senali Amarasuriya
Author: Senali Amarasuriya
Author: Stefano Bianchini
Author: Louise Lundbjerg
Author: William Lazonick
Author: Jon R. Shelton
Author: Yiwen Gao
Author: Xu Li
Author: Subramanian Rangan
Author: Richard Dick Wang
Author: Christopher Kulins