Author: Prakash K. KaramchandaniPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 206
Book Description
Errors and Parameterizations of Sub-grid Scale Processes in Regional-scale Atmospheric Models
Author: Prakash K. KaramchandaniPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 206
Book Description
Modeling of Atmospheric Chemistry
Author: Guy P. BrasseurPublisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108210953
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 631
Book Description
Mathematical modeling of atmospheric composition is a formidable scientific and computational challenge. This comprehensive presentation of the modeling methods used in atmospheric chemistry focuses on both theory and practice, from the fundamental principles behind models, through to their applications in interpreting observations. An encyclopaedic coverage of methods used in atmospheric modeling, including their advantages and disadvantages, makes this a one-stop resource with a large scope. Particular emphasis is given to the mathematical formulation of chemical, radiative, and aerosol processes; advection and turbulent transport; emission and deposition processes; as well as major chapters on model evaluation and inverse modeling. The modeling of atmospheric chemistry is an intrinsically interdisciplinary endeavour, bringing together meteorology, radiative transfer, physical chemistry and biogeochemistry, making the book of value to a broad readership. Introductory chapters and a review of the relevant mathematics make this book instantly accessible to graduate students and researchers in the atmospheric sciences.
Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports
Author: Fast Processes in Large-Scale Atmospheric Models
Author: Yangang LiuPublisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119528941
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 483
Book Description
Improving weather and climate prediction with better representation of fast processes in atmospheric models Many atmospheric processes that influence Earth’s weather and climate occur at spatiotemporal scales that are too small to be resolved in large scale models. They must be parameterized, which means approximately representing them by variables that can be resolved by model grids. Fast Processes in Large-Scale Atmospheric Models: Progress, Challenges and Opportunities explores ways to better investigate and represent multiple parameterized processes in models and thus improve their ability to make accurate climate and weather predictions. Volume highlights include: Historical development of the parameterization of fast processes in numerical models Different types of major sub-grid processes and their parameterizations Efforts to unify the treatment of individual processes and their interactions Top-down versus bottom-up approaches across multiple scales Measurement techniques, observational studies, and frameworks for model evaluation Emerging challenges, new opportunities, and future research directions The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.
Parameterization of Sub-grid Scale Processes for Internal Turbulence
Author: M. ShabbarParameterization Of Atmospheric Convection (In 2 Volumes)
Author: Robert S PlantPublisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 1783266929
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1169
Book Description
Precipitating atmospheric convection is fundamental to the Earth's weather and climate. It plays a leading role in the heat, moisture and momentum budgets. Appropriate modelling of convection is thus a prerequisite for reliable numerical weather prediction and climate modelling. The current standard approach is to represent it by subgrid-scale convection parameterization.Parameterization of Atmospheric Convection provides, for the first time, a comprehensive presentation of this important topic. The two-volume set equips readers with a firm grasp of the wide range of important issues, and thorough coverage is given of both the theoretical and practical aspects. This makes the parameterization problem accessible to a wider range of scientists than before. At the same time, by providing a solid bottom-up presentation of convection parameterization, this set is the definitive reference point for atmospheric scientists and modellers working on such problems.Volume 1 of this two-volume set focuses on the basic principles: introductions to atmospheric convection and tropical dynamics, explanations and discussions of key parameterization concepts, and a thorough and critical exploration of the mass-flux parameterization framework, which underlies the methods currently used in almost all operational models and at major climate modelling centres. Volume 2 focuses on the practice, which also leads to some more advanced fundamental issues. It includes: perspectives on operational implementations and model performance, tailored verification approaches, the role and representation of cloud microphysics, alternative parameterization approaches, stochasticity, criticality, and symmetry constraints.
Physical Processes in Atmospheric Models
Author: D. R. SikkaPublisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN:
Category : Atmosphere
Languages : en
Pages : 604
Book Description
This book presents the recent work of Indian and US Scientists who are specialists in the area of parameterization of physical processes in atmospheric models. Examples of the physical processes that are taking place in the atmosphere are the cumulus convection, boundary layer processes, mountain drag, radiation, air-sea interaction and land surface processes. Each physical processes have distinct horizontal and vertical scales. The horizontal scales of physical processes are in the range of 1 km and less while weather producing systems have at the lower end horizontal scale of a few hundred kilometres. It is therefore not possible to monitor observationally physical processes on operational basis. The objective of parameterization of physical processes is to express their effects on weather producing synoptic systems in terms of large scale parameters. The improved schemes of physical processes have contributed significantly to extend the range of prediction in mid-latitude say up to 6-7 days. However, our ability to predict monsoon beyond 2-3 days is less. This is partly due to deficiency in existing parameterization schemes of physical processes in addition to data gap. The papers presented in this volume though applicable to the atmospheric models in general, they become more relevant to monsoon forecasting in view of the considerable efforts now being made on dynamical prediction of monsoon.
Current Trends in the Representation of Physical Processes in Weather and Climate Models
Author: David A. RandallPublisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811333963
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 377
Book Description
This book focuses on the development of physical parameterization over the last 2 to 3 decades and provides a roadmap for its future development. It covers important physical processes: convection, clouds, radiation, land-surface, and the orographic effect. The improvement of numerical models for predicting weather and climate at a variety of places and times has progressed globally. However, there are still several challenging areas, which need to be addressed with a better understanding of physical processes based on observations, and to subsequently be taken into account by means of improved parameterization. And this is all the more important since models are increasingly being used at higher horizontal and vertical resolutions. Encouraging debate on the cloud-resolving approach or the hybrid approach with parameterized convection and grid-scale cloud microphysics and its impact on models’ intrinsic predictability, the book offers a motivating reference guide for all researchers whose work involves physical parameterization problems and numerical models.
On the parameterization of sub-grid scale orographic effects in models of the large scale atmospheric flow
Author: Åke JohanssonParameterization of Urban Sub-grid Scale Processes in Global Atmospheric Chemistry Models
Author: Josep CalbóPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 30
Book Description
We have derived a parameterization consisting of a set of analytical expressions that approximate the predictions by the CIT Urban Airshed Model for the net export to the environment (i.e., effective emissions) of several chemical species, as functions of fourteen input parameters. For each species, effective emissions are a function of actual urban emissions of this and other species and of other urban domain properties such as meteorology. Effective emissions may be "aged" emissions of primary pollutants or actual production of secondary pollutants. To develop the parameterization we have applied the probabilistic collocation method, which uses the probability density functions of the inputs to generate a set of orthogonal polynomials. These polynomials are then used as the basis for a polynomial chaos expansion that approximates the actual response of the CIT model to its inputs. We assume that seasonal variations can be represented by sinusoidal functions. The parameterization provides a computationally very efficient simulation of the actual model behavior. We have compared the outputs of the parameterization with the outputs of the CIT model, and we conclude that it gives a quite good approximation for effective emissions, at least in the regions of highest probability of the input parameters. This parameterization is applicable to detailed uncertainty and sensitivity analyses and enables computationally efficient inclusion of urban-scale processes as sub-grid scale phenomena in global-scale models.