Environmentally Induced Phenotypic Variation in Jellyfish Polyps and Medusae PDF Download

Author: Luciano Martin Chiaverano
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 360

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Author: Stefano Goffredo
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319313053
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 842

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This volume presents a broad panorama of the current status of research of invertebrate animals considered belonging to the phylum Cnidaria, such as hydra, jellyfish, sea anemone, and coral. In this book the Cnidarians are traced from the Earth’s primordial oceans, to their response to the warming and acidifying oceans. Due to the role of corals in the carbon and calcium cycles, various aspects of cnidarian calcification are discussed. The relation of the Cnidaria with Mankind is approached, in accordance with the Editors’ philosophy of bridging the artificial schism between science, arts and Humanities. Cnidarians' encounters with humans result in a broad spectrum of medical emergencies that are reviewed. The final section of the volume is devoted to the role of Hydra and Medusa in mythology and art.

Author: Ferdinando Boero
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO)
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 70

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It is clear that a new type of human approach to marine ecosystems is needed to confront phenomena such as jellyfish blooms. This document provides an updated overview of this phenomenon in the Mediterranean and Black Sea and illustrates how the problem is affecting societies. It reviews current knowledge on gelatinous plankton in the affected region, providing a framework for its inclusion into fisheries science and the management of human activities such as tourism and coastal development. Fact sheets on the most important gelatinous plankters of the Mediterranean and Black Seas are included as an appendix.

Author: Lisa-ann Gershwin
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 022602010X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 455

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Our oceans are becoming increasingly inhospitable to life—growing toxicity and rising temperatures coupled with overfishing have led many marine species to the brink of collapse. And yet there is one creature that is thriving in this seasick environment: the beautiful, dangerous, and now incredibly numerous jellyfish. As foremost jellyfish expert Lisa-ann Gershwin describes in Stung!, the jellyfish population bloom is highly indicative of the tragic state of the world’s ocean waters, while also revealing the incredible tenacity of these remarkable creatures. Recent documentaries about swarms of giant jellyfish invading Japanese fishing grounds and summertime headlines about armadas of stinging jellyfish in the Mediterranean and Chesapeake are only the beginning—jellyfish are truly taking over the oceans. Despite their often dazzling appearance, jellyfish are simple creatures with simple needs: namely, fewer predators and competitors, warmer waters to encourage rapid growth, and more places for their larvae to settle and grow. In general, oceans that are less favorable to fish are more favorable to jellyfish, and these are the very conditions that we are creating through mechanized trawling, habitat degradation, coastal construction, pollution, and climate change. Despite their role as harbingers of marine destruction, jellyfish are truly enthralling creatures in their own right, and in Stung!, Gershwin tells stories of jellyfish both attractive and deadly while illuminating many interesting and unusual facts about their behaviors and environmental adaptations. She takes readers back to the Proterozoic era, when jellyfish were the top predator in the marine ecosystem—at a time when there were no fish, no mammals, and no turtles; and she explores the role jellies have as middlemen of destruction, moving swiftly into vulnerable ecosystems. The story of the jellyfish, as Gershwin makes clear, is also the story of the world’s oceans, and Stung! provides a unique and urgent look at their inseparable histories—and future.

Author: Giuseppe Fusco
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108499856
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 491

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A look into the phenomena of sex and reproduction in all organisms, taking an innovative, unified and comprehensive approach.

Author: Kylie A. Pitt
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400770154
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 308

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Book Description
Jellyfish are one of the most conspicuous animals in our oceans and are renowned for their propensity to form spectacular blooms. The unique features of the biology and ecology of jellyfish that enable them to bloom also make them successful invasive species and, in a few places around the world, jellyfish have become problematic. As man increasingly populates the world’s coastlines, interactions between humans and jellyfish are rising, often to the detriment of coastal-based industries such as tourism, fishing and power generation. However we must not lose sight of the fact that jellyfish have been forming blooms in the oceans for at least 500 million years, and are an essential component of normal, healthy ocean ecosystems. Here many of the world’s leading jellyfish experts explore the science behind jellyfish blooms. We examine the unique features of jellyfish biology and ecology that cause populations to ‘bloom and bust’, and, using case studies, we show why jellyfish are important to coastal and ocean ecosystem function. We outline strategies coastal managers can use to mitigate the effects of blooms on coastal industries thereby enabling humans to coexist with these fascinating creatures. Finally we highlight how jellyfish benefit society; providing us with food and one of the most biomedically-important compounds discovered in the 20th century. ​

Author: J. E. Purcell
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780792369646
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 358

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Jellyfish', a group that includes scyphomedusae, hydromedusae, siphonophores and ctenophores, are important zooplankton predatorsthroughout the world's estuaries and oceans. These beautiful creatureshave come to public attention as featured exhibits in aquaria and innews headlines as invaders and as providers of genes used inbiomedical research. Nevertheless, jellyfish are generally consideredto be nuisances because they interfere with human activities bystinging swimmers, clogging power plant intakes and nets of fishermenand fish farms, and competing with fish and eating fish eggs andlarvae. There is concern that environmental changes such as globalwarming, eutrophication, and over-fishing may result in increasedjellyfish populations.The literature reviews and research papers in this volume explore theinteractions between jellyfish and humans. Papers cover the medicalaspects of jellyfish stings, jellyfish as human food and jellyfishfisheries, interactions of jellyfish and fish, effects ofenvironmental changes on jellyfish, effects of introduced ctenophoreson the Black Sea ecosystem, factors causing increases orconcentrations of jellyfish, and others aspects of jellyfish ecology.This is an important reference for students and professional marinebiologists, oceanographers, fishery scientists, and aquarists.

Author: Thomas Flatt
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191621021
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 506

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Book Description
Life history theory seeks to explain the evolution of the major features of life cycles by analyzing the ecological factors that shape age-specific schedules of growth, reproduction, and survival and by investigating the trade-offs that constrain the evolution of these traits. Although life history theory has made enormous progress in explaining the diversity of life history strategies among species, it traditionally ignores the underlying proximate mechanisms. This novel book argues that many fundamental problems in life history evolution, including the nature of trade-offs, can only be fully resolved if we begin to integrate information on developmental, physiological, and genetic mechanisms into the classical life history framework. Each chapter is written by an established or up-and-coming leader in their respective field; they not only represent the state of the art but also offer fresh perspectives for future research. The text is divided into 7 sections that cover basic concepts (Part 1), the mechanisms that affect different parts of the life cycle (growth, development, and maturation; reproduction; and aging and somatic maintenance) (Parts 2-4), life history plasticity (Part 5), life history integration and trade-offs (Part 6), and concludes with a synthesis chapter written by a prominent leader in the field and an editorial postscript (Part 7).

Author: Andrew John Heyward
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780642270894
Category : Benthos
Languages : en
Pages : 115

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This Atlas represents a compilation of the various studies and reports resulting from the individual environmental study programs conducted during 1995 and 1996, as well as a literature research on the various biological communities encountered. It is a joint effort by BHP Petroleum and AIMS to further analyse the results of field investigations and to attempt to draw some conclusions based on the present state of knowledge of the environment. The principal aim of this project is to assist in the development of strategies to minimise the environmental impact of hydrocarbon exploration and production activities. The Atlas also serves to make these findings more accessible to the wider community, to demonstrate BHP's commitment to further understand the environment in which the company operates and its willingness to cooperate with Governments and the community to foster environmental protection -- Introduction.

Author: Jennifer Purcell
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9400753160
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 289

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Book Description
Jellyfish generally are considered to be nuisances because they interfere with human activities by stinging swimmers, clogging power plant intakes and nets of fishermen, killing fish in aquaculture pens, and being both predators and competitors of fish. There is concern that environmental changes such as global warming, eutrophication, over-fishing, and coastal construction may benefit jellyfish populations. During this past decade following the first Jellyfish Blooms volume, some species have bloomed more frequently, expanded their range, and caused more problems for humans. Mnemiopsis leidyi, the ctenophore that invaded the Black Sea in the 1980s and damaged fisheries, now also blooms in the North, Baltic, and Mediterranean seas. Nemopilema nomurai, a giant Asian jellyfish, has bloomed frequently during this decade, causing severe damage to the Japanese fishing industry. Jellyfish Blooms: Interactions with Humans and Fisheries is the fourth volume in this series. Syntheses and original research articles address the question if jellyfish have increased globally and what factors may have contributed to the abundance of jellyfish. This volume is the most extensive to date, containing papers from all continents (except Antarctica) on scyphozoans, hydrozoans, cubozoans, staurozoans, and ctenophores, and on the fate of jellyfish blooms. This is a key reference for students and professional marine biologists, oceanographers, and fishery scientists and managers. Previously published in Hydrobiologia, vol. 690, 2012​