The Benefits and Challenges of Producing Liquid Fuel from Coal PDF Download

Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007). Subcommittee on Energy and Environment
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 104

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Author: James T. Bartis
Publisher: Rand Corporation
ISBN: 0833045113
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 199

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Record-high world oil prices have prompted renewed interest in producing liquid fuels from coal. The United States leads the world in recoverable coal reserves. Moreover, the technology for converting coal to liquid fuels already exists, and production costs appear competitive at world oil prices well below current levels. Yet, despite its promise, private investment in coal-to-liquids (CTL) technology is being impeded by three uncertainties: where oil prices are heading, what it actually costs to produce coal-derived fuels, and how greenhouse-gas emissions will be regulated. A domestic CTL industry could produce as much as three million barrels per day of transportation fuels by 2030. Having such an industry would yield important energy security benefits, most notably a lowering of world oil prices and a decrease in wealth transfers from oil users to oil producers. But establishing a large CTL industry also raises important policy and environmental issues associated with climate change, coal mining, and water consumption. Weighing both benefits and costs, it makes sense for the United States to pursue an insurance or hedge strategy that promotes the early construction and operation of a limited number of commercial CTL plants. This book presents an in-depth review of the prospects of and policy, governance, and environmental issues associated with establishing a CTL industry in the United States. -- provided by publisher.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 23

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In response to new environmental pressures on coal utilization, this report examines the benefits of coal-liquid fuels as an alternative and environmentally more benign fuel source. The evaluation is based on a detailed assessment of the impact of coal-liquid fuels on the various stages of a coal energy utilization cycle and a review of coal production technologies and their applications. The report also includes a crude assessment of costs and savings in the production, transportation, and utilization of coal-liquid fuels.

Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309137128
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 388

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The transportation sector cannot continue on its current path: The volatility of oil prices threatens the U.S. economy, the large proportion of oil importation threatens U.S. energy security, and the massive contribution of greenhouse gases threatens the environment. The development of domestic sources of alternative transportation fuels with lower greenhouse emissions is now a national imperative. Coal and biomass are in abundant supply in the United States and can be converted to liquid fuels that can be combusted in existing and future vehicles. Their abundant supply makes them attractive candidates to provide non-oil-based liquid fuels to the U.S. transportation system. However, there are important questions about the economic viability, carbon impact, and technology status of these options. Liquid Transportation Fuels from Coal and Biomass provides a snapshot of the potential costs of liquid fuels from biomass by biochemical conversion and from biomass and coal by thermochemical conversion. Policy makers, investors, leaders in industry, the transportation sector, and others with a concern for the environment, economy, and energy security will look to this book as a roadmap to independence from foreign oil. With immediate action and sustained effort, alternative liquid fuels can be available in the 2020 time frame, if or when the nation needs them.

Author: Brian G. King
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Coal liquefaction
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 36

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780309138796
Category : Biomass energy
Languages : en
Pages : 322

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"The transportation sector cannot continue on its current path: The volatility of oil prices threatens the U.S. economy, the large proportion of oil importation threatens U.S. energy security, and the massive contribution of greenhouse gases threatens the environment. The development of domestic sources of alternative transportation fuels with lower greenhouse emissions is now a national imperative. Coal and biomass are in abundant supply in the United States and can be converted to liquid fuels that can be combusted in existing and future vehicles. Their abundant supply makes them attractive candidates to provide non-oil-based liquid fuels to the U.S. transportation system. However, there are important questions about the economic viability, carbon impact, and technology status of these options. Liquid Transportation Fuels from Coal and Biomass provides a snapshot of the potential costs of liquid fuels from biomass by biochemical conversion and from biomass and coal by thermochemical conversion. Policy makers, investors, leaders in industry, the transportation sector, and others with a concern for the environment, economy, and energy security will look to this book as a roadmap to independence from foreign oil. With immediate action and sustained effort, alternative liquid fuels can be available in the 2020 time frame, if or when the nation needs them"--P. [4] of cover.

Author: M.J. Chadwick
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483286304
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 359

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As coal is considered as a substitute for other fuels, more serious attention is being given to the environmental impacts of the whole coal fuel cycle: mining, transport, storage, combustion and conversion. This volume presents an up-to-date account of these environmental impacts and the recent developments to combat and control them. A feature of the book is the way in which it discusses not only the experience and developments in North America and Western Europe but also presents much information made available for this study on the developments in the socialist countries of Eastern Europe.

Author: Peter B. Sunderland
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039286781
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 106

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This Special Issue of Energies on “Advances in Combustion of Gases, Liquid Fuels, Coal and Biomass” includes five manuscripts on combustion research related to energy production. Both fundamental and applied research is included. The papers contain state-of-the-art experiments, computations, and theory. Combustion provides an estimated 85% of the world’s energy consumption. Advances in combustion research can benefit society in three main ways. Improving energy efficiency can reduce fuel consumption. Improving emissions can reduce climate change and adverse health effects. Improving fire and explosion safety can protect people, property, and the environment. The topical areas covered by this Special Issue are broad. It is hoped that this breadth will lead to a better understanding of combustion and improved diagnostic and numerical tools. This, in turn, may result in improved combustors, a cleaner environment, novel fuels, and improved safety and energy security.

Author: Bruce G. Miller
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080961169
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 697

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Concern over the effects of airborne pollution, green house gases, and the impact of global warming has become a worldwide issue that transcends international boundaries, politics, and social responsibility. The 2nd Edition of Coal Energy Systems: Clean Coal Technology describes a new generation of energy processes that sharply reduce air emissions and other pollutants from coal-burning power plants. Coal is the dirtiest of all fossil fuels. When burned, it produces emissions that contribute to global warming, create acid rain, and pollute water. With all of the interest and research surrounding nuclear energy, hydropower, and biofuels, many think that coal is finally on its way out. However, coal generates half of the electricity in the United States and throughout the world today. It will likely continue to do so as long as it's cheap and plentiful [Source: Energy Information Administration]. Coal provides stability in price and availability, will continue to be a major source of electricity generation, will be the major source of hydrogen for the coming hydrogen economy, and has the potential to become an important source of liquid fuels. Conservation and renewable/sustainable energy are important in the overall energy picture, but will play a lesser role in helping us satisfy our energy demands today. Dramatically updated to meet the needs of an ever changing energy market, Coal Energy Systems, 2nd Edition is a single source covering policy and the engineering involved in implementing that policy. The book addresses many coal-related subjects of interest ranging from the chemistry of coal and the future engineering anatomy of a coal fired plant to the cutting edge clean coal technologies being researched and utilized today. A 50% update over the first edition, this new book contains new chapters on processes such as CO2 capture and sequestration, Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) systems, Pulverized-Coal Power Plants and Carbon Emission Trading. Existing materials on worldwide coal distribution and quantities, technical and policy issues regarding the use of coal, technologies used and under development for utilizing coal to produce heat, electricity, and chemicals with low environmental impact, vision for utilizing coal well into the 21st century, and the security coal presents. Clean Liquids and Gaseous Fuels from Coal for Electric Power Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) systems Pulverized-Coal Power Plants Advanced Coal-Based Power Plants Fluidized-Bed Combustion Technology CO2 capture and sequestration