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Author: Gary A. Toranzos Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1040288987 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 240
Book Description
From the Preface Antibody techniques have allowed us to study microorganisms in situ. However, until recently all methodology lacked the sensitivity necessary for environmental work where microorganisms are in most cases present at very low concentrations or where microbial ecosystems contain a myriad of different organisms. Gene probes have been used successfully for a variety of samples, but this method was still not sensitive enough. The next logical step was the application of the recently developed DNA amplification technique known as the polymerase chain reaction, or PCR. Since then, many laboratories around the world have adopted PCR for environmental work. Samples obtained from soils, water and air are enormously complex because they are unknown mixtures of DNA and other compounds. Thus, procedures for target DNA amplification from the environment require special attention. The PCR has allowed us to go beyond the need for culturing prior to analysis of microbial communities. It has been shown that even microorganisms that can be routinely grown in the laboratory undergo some physiological changes when exposed to the environment. One of these changes (first observed by R. Colwell and colleagues) is known as the viable-but-non-culturable state, and seems to be a common occurrence. Thus, the use of culture techniques paint only part of the picture in terms of microbial behavior under environmental conditions. The ability to amplify nucleic acids by the PCR has brought about a myriad of very ingenious modifications to the technique that can then be used to study complex ecosystems. The manner in which the PCR can be modified is only limited by the need and/or the imagination of the researcher. The first manual dedicated specifically to the analysis (by PCR) of environmental samples, Environmental Applications of Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques presents state of the art methodology for the detection of microorganisms in soil, water, air samples, as well as the amplification of nucleic acids from fossil samples. The manual gives step-by-step procedures for the analysis of these samples. Although several publications have addressed the use of Polymerase Chain Reaction technique, very few of them have been directed toward the application of this technique to environmental samples. This book fills this gap in the literature.
Author: Gary A. Toranzos Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1040288987 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 240
Book Description
From the Preface Antibody techniques have allowed us to study microorganisms in situ. However, until recently all methodology lacked the sensitivity necessary for environmental work where microorganisms are in most cases present at very low concentrations or where microbial ecosystems contain a myriad of different organisms. Gene probes have been used successfully for a variety of samples, but this method was still not sensitive enough. The next logical step was the application of the recently developed DNA amplification technique known as the polymerase chain reaction, or PCR. Since then, many laboratories around the world have adopted PCR for environmental work. Samples obtained from soils, water and air are enormously complex because they are unknown mixtures of DNA and other compounds. Thus, procedures for target DNA amplification from the environment require special attention. The PCR has allowed us to go beyond the need for culturing prior to analysis of microbial communities. It has been shown that even microorganisms that can be routinely grown in the laboratory undergo some physiological changes when exposed to the environment. One of these changes (first observed by R. Colwell and colleagues) is known as the viable-but-non-culturable state, and seems to be a common occurrence. Thus, the use of culture techniques paint only part of the picture in terms of microbial behavior under environmental conditions. The ability to amplify nucleic acids by the PCR has brought about a myriad of very ingenious modifications to the technique that can then be used to study complex ecosystems. The manner in which the PCR can be modified is only limited by the need and/or the imagination of the researcher. The first manual dedicated specifically to the analysis (by PCR) of environmental samples, Environmental Applications of Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques presents state of the art methodology for the detection of microorganisms in soil, water, air samples, as well as the amplification of nucleic acids from fossil samples. The manual gives step-by-step procedures for the analysis of these samples. Although several publications have addressed the use of Polymerase Chain Reaction technique, very few of them have been directed toward the application of this technique to environmental samples. This book fills this gap in the literature.
Author: Gary A. Toranzos Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9781566764087 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 240
Book Description
From the Preface Antibody techniques have allowed us to study microorganisms in situ. However, until recently all methodology lacked the sensitivity necessary for environmental work where microorganisms are in most cases present at very low concentrations or where microbial ecosystems contain a myriad of different organisms. Gene probes have been used successfully for a variety of samples, but this method was still not sensitive enough. The next logical step was the application of the recently developed DNA amplification technique known as the polymerase chain reaction, or PCR. Since then, many laboratories around the world have adopted PCR for environmental work. Samples obtained from soils, water and air are enormously complex because they are unknown mixtures of DNA and other compounds. Thus, procedures for target DNA amplification from the environment require special attention. The PCR has allowed us to go beyond the need for culturing prior to analysis of microbial communities. It has been shown that even microorganisms that can be routinely grown in the laboratory undergo some physiological changes when exposed to the environment. One of these changes (first observed by R. Colwell and colleagues) is known as the viable-but-non-culturable state, and seems to be a common occurrence. Thus, the use of culture techniques paint only part of the picture in terms of microbial behavior under environmental conditions. The ability to amplify nucleic acids by the PCR has brought about a myriad of very ingenious modifications to the technique that can then be used to study complex ecosystems. The manner in which the PCR can be modified is only limited by the need and/or the imagination of the researcher. The first manual dedicated specifically to the analysis (by PCR) of environmental samples, Environmental Applications of Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques presents state of the art methodology for the detection of microorganisms in soil, water, air samples, as well as the amplification of nucleic acids from fossil samples. The manual gives step-by-step procedures for the analysis of these samples. Although several publications have addressed the use of Polymerase Chain Reaction technique, very few of them have been directed toward the application of this technique to environmental samples. This book fills this gap in the literature.
Author: Jack T. Trevors Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 364279050X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 261
Book Description
Molecular biological techniques such as DNA/RNA extraction and purification, and especially the polymerase chain reaction, PCR, are rapidly gaining interest also in related fields, such as microbiology or environmental sciences. They offer new approaches and opportunities for the determination of microbial cells, DNA and RNA from soils, roots, rhizospheres, sediments and aquatic environments. Detailed protocols for these applications are described in this manual.
Author: Chang-Hui Shen Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0323986099 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 590
Book Description
Diagnostic Molecular Biology, Second Edition describes the fundamentals of molecular biology in a clear, concise manner with each technique explained within its conceptual framework and current applications of clinical laboratory techniques comprehensively covered. This targeted approach covers the principles of molecular biology, including basic knowledge of nucleic acids, proteins and chromosomes; the basic techniques and instrumentations commonly used in the field of molecular biology, including detailed procedures and explanations; and the applications of the principles and techniques currently employed in the clinical laboratory. Topics such as whole exome sequencing, whole genome sequencing, RNA-seq, and ChIP-seq round out the discussion. Fully updated, this new edition adds recent advances in the detection of respiratory virus infections in humans, like influenza, RSV, hAdV, hRV but also corona. This book expands the discussion on NGS application and its role in future precision medicine. - Provides explanations on how techniques are used to diagnosis at the molecular level - Explains how to use information technology to communicate and assess results in the lab - Enhances our understanding of fundamental molecular biology and places techniques in context - Places protocols into context with practical applications - Includes extra chapters on respiratory viruses (Corona)
Author: Patricia Frye Walker Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences ISBN: 0323070574 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 783
Book Description
Immigrant Medicine is the first comprehensive guide to caring for immigrant and refugee patient populations. Edited by two of the best-known contributors to the growing canon of information about immigrant medicine, and written by a geographically diverse collection of experts, this book synthesizes the most practical and clinically relevant information and presents it in an easy-to-access format. An invaluable resource for front-line clinicians and other healthcare professionals, public health officials, and policy makers, Immigrant Medicine is destined to become the benchmark reference in this emerging field. Features expert guidance on data collection, legal, interpretive and social adjustment issues, as well as best practices in caring for immigrants to help you confidently manage all aspects of immigrant medicine. Includes detailed discussions on major depression, post traumatic stress disorder, and issues related to torture so you can effectively diagnose and treat common psychiatric issues. Covers international and new-arrival screening and immunizations offering you invaluable advice. Presents a templated diseases/disorders section with discussions on tuberculosis, hepatitis B, and common parasites that helps you easily manage the diseases and syndromes you are likely to encounter. Provides boxed features and tables, differential diagnoses, and treatment algorithms to help you absorb information at a glance.
Author: Murugan Veerapandian Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0443190402 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 480
Book Description
With emerging biological threats from pathogenic microorganisms and increasing environmental pollutants, it is essential to ensure the safety needs of individuals and the ecosystem are met. Modern materials science and engineering has evolved over the years to better develop devices to test abnormalities. Affordability, accessibility, and reliability of any analytical system is the prime necessity for a modern diagnostic application. Health and Environmental Applications of Biosensing Technologies: Clinical and Allied Health Science Perspective presents a detailed overview on biosensor design systems and optimal fabrication technologies to create a greater impact on various industries and help organizations break existing performance tradeoffs to deploy biosensor technologies across inter/transdisciplinary businesses. The book presents novel and emerging trends in biosensor design and healthcare applications focused on API detection, communicable/non-communicable disease diagnosis, food quality monitoring, agro-environmental analysis, bio-defense, and industrial pollutant sensing. In addition, wearable biosensors, commercial products, and safety regulations for biosensing technologies are summarized. - Provides a fundamental understanding on biosensor system design, biomarkers for communicable/non-communicable diseases, and bioreceptor immobilization techniques - Integrates information covering biosensing technologies for clinical diagnosis, API detection, industrial/environmental monitoring, agro-livestock healthcare, and disease control - Provides information on principles, advanced trends, and approaches for wearable biosensors - Covers market trends with biosensing technologies/products and their commercial challenges
Author: Robert E. Farrell Jr. Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0080454763 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 794
Book Description
This laboratory guide represents a growing collection of tried, tested and optimized laboratory protocols for the isolation and characterization of eukaryotic RNA, with lesser emphasis on the characterization of prokaryotic transcripts. Collectively the chapters work together to embellish the RNA story, each presenting clear take-home lessons, liberally incorporating flow charts, tables and graphs to facilitate learning and assist in the planning and implementation phases of a project.RNA Methodologies, 3rd edition includes approximately 30% new material, including chapters on the more recent technologies of RNA interference including: RNAi; Microarrays; Bioinformatics. It also includes new sections on: new and improved RT-PCR techniques; innovative 5' and 3' RACE techniques; subtractive PCR methods; methods for improving cDNA synthesis.* Author is a well-recognized expert in the field of RNA experimentation and founded Exon-Intron, a well-known biotechnology educational workshop center * Includes classic and contemporary techniques * Incorporates flow charts, tables, and graphs to facilitate learning and assist in the planning phases of projects
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309068754 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 273
Book Description
Since Operation Desert Shield/Desert Storm, Gulf War veterans have expressed concerns about health effects that could be associated with their deployment and service during the war. Although similar concerns were raised after other military operations, the Gulf War deployment focused national attention on the potential, but uncertain, relationship between the presence of chemical and biological (CB) agents and other harmful agents in theater and health symptoms reported by military personnel. Strategies to Protect the Health of Deployed U.S. Forces which is one of the four two-year studies, examines the detection and tracking of exposures of deployed personnel to multiple harmful agents.
Author: Pierre Taberlet Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0191079995 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 272
Book Description
Environmental DNA (eDNA) refers to DNA that can be extracted from environmental samples (such as soil, water, feces, or air) without the prior isolation of any target organism. The analysis of environmental DNA has the potential of providing high-throughput information on taxa and functional genes in a given environment, and is easily amenable to the study of both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. It can provide an understanding of past or present biological communities as well as their trophic relationships, and can thus offer useful insights into ecosystem functioning. There is now a rapidly-growing interest amongst biologists in applying analysis of environmental DNA to their own research. However, good practices and protocols dealing with environmental DNA are currently widely dispersed across numerous papers, with many of them presenting only preliminary results and using a diversity of methods. In this context, the principal objective of this practical handbook is to provide biologists (both students and researchers) with the scientific background necessary to assist with the understanding and implementation of best practices and analyses based on environmental DNA.
Author: Gary A. Toranzos
Author: Gary A. Toranzos
Author: Gary A. Toranzos
Author: Jack T. Trevors
Author: Chang-Hui Shen
Author: Patricia Frye Walker
Author: Murugan Veerapandian
Author: Kirstin J. Edwards
Author: Robert E. Farrell Jr.
Author: National Research Council
Author: Pierre Taberlet