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Author: William J. Cooper Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 9780471170860 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 398
Book Description
A unique opportunity to learn about the most important developments in environmental applications of ionizing radiation This book makes it easy for scientists and engineers to acquaint themselves with the state of the art in ionizing radiation techniques for pollution control, environmental cleanup, and waste processing. With contributions by more than 100 researchers working in industry, academia, and government, it reports from around the world on the most important recent advances in the field. From the latest refinements in electron beam technology to new techniques for the purification of flue gases, and from radiation recycling of rubber wastes to radiation-induced cleanup of water and wastewater, this valuable resource covers all established and emerging environmental applications of ionizing radiation. The only book available in English to focus exclusively on the subject, Environmental Applications of Ionizing Radiation belongs in the working library of every aspiring or practicing scientist or engineer concerned with environmental pollution. Radiation has long been used in food processing, medical device sterilization, and polymer production, but only recently has it begun to be widely accepted as a valued component in environmental cleanup initiatives. The growing popularity of radiation as a means of neutralizing both natural and synthetic contaminants is due, in great part, to impressive results recently achieved by researchers worldwide using ionizing radiation methods, especially those involving electron beam techniques. Despite these many successes, there continues to be a conspicuous poverty of professional references on the subject. Environmental Applications of Ionizing Radiation fills that gap. Environmental Applications of Ionizing Radiation brings together contributions by more than 100 leading scientists from the Americas, Europe, and Asia. The first English-language text devoted exclusively to this exciting growth area, it affords readers a unique opportunity to acquaint themselves with state-of-the-art applications of ionizing radiation for solving environmental remediation problems. Featuring many fascinating and informative case studies from around the world, it brings scientists and engineers quickly in line with the latest advances in: * Electron beam design * Flue gas treatment using electron beams * Ionizing radiation in pollution control * Irradiation treatment of industrial wastes * Irradiation treatment of soil and biosolids * Irradiation and photocatalytic processes * New and emerging applications of ionizing radiation. Environmental Applications of Ionizing Radiation is a valuable working resource for civil, chemical, and environmental engineers and scientists involved with pollution control, water treatment, and natural and industrial waste treatment. It also belongs on the syllabuses of all graduate-level engineering courses in air and water management.
Author: William J. Cooper Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 9780471170860 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 398
Book Description
A unique opportunity to learn about the most important developments in environmental applications of ionizing radiation This book makes it easy for scientists and engineers to acquaint themselves with the state of the art in ionizing radiation techniques for pollution control, environmental cleanup, and waste processing. With contributions by more than 100 researchers working in industry, academia, and government, it reports from around the world on the most important recent advances in the field. From the latest refinements in electron beam technology to new techniques for the purification of flue gases, and from radiation recycling of rubber wastes to radiation-induced cleanup of water and wastewater, this valuable resource covers all established and emerging environmental applications of ionizing radiation. The only book available in English to focus exclusively on the subject, Environmental Applications of Ionizing Radiation belongs in the working library of every aspiring or practicing scientist or engineer concerned with environmental pollution. Radiation has long been used in food processing, medical device sterilization, and polymer production, but only recently has it begun to be widely accepted as a valued component in environmental cleanup initiatives. The growing popularity of radiation as a means of neutralizing both natural and synthetic contaminants is due, in great part, to impressive results recently achieved by researchers worldwide using ionizing radiation methods, especially those involving electron beam techniques. Despite these many successes, there continues to be a conspicuous poverty of professional references on the subject. Environmental Applications of Ionizing Radiation fills that gap. Environmental Applications of Ionizing Radiation brings together contributions by more than 100 leading scientists from the Americas, Europe, and Asia. The first English-language text devoted exclusively to this exciting growth area, it affords readers a unique opportunity to acquaint themselves with state-of-the-art applications of ionizing radiation for solving environmental remediation problems. Featuring many fascinating and informative case studies from around the world, it brings scientists and engineers quickly in line with the latest advances in: * Electron beam design * Flue gas treatment using electron beams * Ionizing radiation in pollution control * Irradiation treatment of industrial wastes * Irradiation treatment of soil and biosolids * Irradiation and photocatalytic processes * New and emerging applications of ionizing radiation. Environmental Applications of Ionizing Radiation is a valuable working resource for civil, chemical, and environmental engineers and scientists involved with pollution control, water treatment, and natural and industrial waste treatment. It also belongs on the syllabuses of all graduate-level engineering courses in air and water management.
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309175674 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 321
Book Description
Does radiation medicine need more regulation or simply better-coordinated regulation? This book addresses this and other questions of critical importance to public health and safety. The issues involved are high on the nation's agenda: the impact of radiation on public safety, the balance between federal and state authority, and the cost-benefit ratio of regulation. Although incidents of misadministration are rare, a case in Pennsylvania resulting in the death of a patient and the inadvertent exposure of others to a high dose of radiation drew attention to issues concerning the regulation of ionizing radiation in medicine and the need to examine current regulatory practices. Written at the request from the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), Radiation in Medicine reviews the regulation of ionizing radiation in medicine, focusing on the NRC's Medical Use Program, which governs the use of reactor-generated byproduct materials. The committee recommends immediate action on enforcement and provides longer term proposals for reform of the regulatory system. The volume covers: Sources of radiation and their use in medicine. Levels of risk to patients, workers, and the public. Current roles of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, other federal agencies, and states. Criticisms from the regulated community. The committee explores alternative regulatory structures for radiation medicine and explains the rationale for the option it recommends in this volume. Based on extensive research, input from the regulated community, and the collaborative efforts of experts from a range of disciplines, Radiation in Medicine will be an important resource for federal and state policymakers and regulators, health professionals involved in radiation treatment, developers and producers of radiation equipment, insurance providers, and concerned laypersons.
Author: Hisaaki Kudo Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9811073503 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 349
Book Description
This book focuses on radiation applications in various fields such as industry, environmental conservation, analytical sciences, agriculture, medical diagnosis and therapy, and other areas, from laboratory or research scale to practical or commercial scale. The book targets rather beginning or young professionals in radiation chemistry, processing, biology, and medicine, among others, but also introduces the state of the art of the relevant fields. This volume also helps readers to understand the fundamentals of radiation chemistry, physics, and biology that underlie the miscellaneous applications. Readers will understand, for example, that industry utilizes radiation to fabricate water-absorbent materials or semiconductors and also that cancer patients can be cured through radiation without surgery. These and more facts about radiation applications are made available in this valuable book.
Author: Ilya Obodovskiy Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0444639861 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 722
Book Description
The author is ready to assert that practically none of the readers of this book will ever happen to deal with large doses of radiation. But the author, without a shadow of a doubt, claims that any readers of this book, regardless of gender, age, financial situation, type of professional activity, and habits, are actually exposed to low doses of radiation throughout their life. This book is devoted to the effect of small doses on the body. To understand the basic effects of radiation on humans, the book contains the necessary information from an atomic, molecular and nuclear physics, as well as from biochemistry and biology. Special attention is paid to the issues that are either not considered or discussed very briefly in existing literature. Examples include the ionization of inner atomic shells that play an essential role in radiological processes, and the questions of transformation of the energy of ionizing radiation in matter. The benefits of ionizing radiation to mankind is reflected in a wide range of radiation technologies used in science, industry, agriculture, culture, art, forensics, and, what is the most important application, medicine. Radiation: Fundamentals, Applications, Risks and Safety provides information on the use of radiation in modern life, its usefulness and indispensability. Experiments on the effects of small doses on bacteria, fungi, algae, insects, plants and animals are described. Human medical experiments are inhuman and ethically flawed. However, during the familiarity of mankind with ionizing radiation, a large number of population groups were subject to accumulation, exposed to radiation at doses of small but exceeding the natural background radiation. This book analyzes existing, real-life radiation results from survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Chernobyl and Fukushima, and examines studies of radiation effect on patients, radiologists, crews of long-distant flights and astronauts, on miners of uranium copies, on workers of nuclear industry and on militaries, exposed to ionizing radiation on a professional basis, and on the population of the various countries receiving environmental exposure. The author hopes that this book can mitigate the impact of radiation phobia, which prevails in the public consciousness over the last half century. - Explores the science of radiation and the effects of radiation technologies and biological processes - Analyzes the elementary processes of ionization and excitation - Summarizes information about inner shells ionization and its impact on matter and biological structures - Discusses quantum concepts in biology and clarifies the importance of epigenetics in radiological processes - Includes case studies focusing on humans irradiated by low doses of radiation and its effects
Author: Gaetano Licitra Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1351660993 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 296
Book Description
This book explores environmental physical agents and their potential effect on public and occupational health. It considers the theory, current research, and applications of physical agents including noise, ionizing radiation protection and non ionizing radiation protection, and explores the monitoring, measurement, modeling and mitigation of each of these. Features: Covers all three physical agents in one comprehensive book Presents the latest results from research, as well as theory Contributed to by a panel of international experts
Author: Tamar Reeve Publisher: ISBN: 9781536135398 Category : Ionizing radiation Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
In this compilation, the authors examine the importance of ionizing radiations for thermoluminescence dosimetry that is the current area of research for medical and industrial purposes. Ionizing radiations are harmful to the human body, so, there is a need to measure small doses in the environment as well as very high doses at the time of accident like radiation leakage and for the treatment of cancer. Next, recent advances regarding effects on exposure of some foods to ionizing radiations are presented. The dosage required for complete sterilization may, at times, lead to undesirable changes in food flavours or may exceed the permitted levels. Combining irradiation with other treatments yields satisfactory results in these cases. Combined applications of ionizing radiation with heat, low temperature, high hydrostatic pressure, and modified atmospheres are also discussed. Later, new results concerning cell survival and genetic instability of wild-type and radiosensitive yeast cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae surviving after irradiation with 60Co γ-rays, 239Pu α-particles and 254 nm UV light are presented. Survival was determined by cell ability to produce macrocolonies on a solid nutrient medium. The authors also review data on the radiation resistance of AlGaN/GaN and InAlN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs) as well as emerging Ga2O3 photodetectors and rectifiers to different types of ionizing radiation. Both of these wide bandgap semiconductor (nitride-based and gallium oxide-based) materials are much more radiation-hard than GaAs or Si and this is largely a result of their high bond strengths. By using the test system of blood lymphocytes of healthy individuals, the following paper presents the co-mutagenic (potentiating) effect of the drugs a calcium channel blocker verapamil and an antioxidant ascorbic acid-on the radiosensitivity of cells. It was found that when the lymphocytes are irradiated in a small dose (0.3 Gy), ascorbic acid (80.0 μg / blood) and verapamil (4.0 μg / ml blood) increase the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in comparison with the radiation effect by 75 and 62, 5% respectively. Afterwards, the experimental data of the effects of temperature, light intensity, background ionizing and non-ionizing radiation on physicochemical properties of water, water solution and cell function are presented. Considering the fact that the cell membrane permeability for water is more than 10 times higher than for inorganic ions, it is hypothesized that, upon the effect of chemical and physical factors, the changes of net water efflux through the membrane precede the activation of ionic fluxes in the membrane. Also in this compilation, a study is included which investigated the modifying effect of astaxanthin on radiation induced genome damages in cultivating human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). The study indicated that astaxanthin in concentration of 20.0 �g/ml demonstrated evident radioprotective properties by reduction of the ChA level, decreasing of DNA damages and increasing of the apoptotic rate. In the last chapter, the authors present some works that study the causes of the high resistance of IRRB to ionizing radiation. Then we focus on presenting in silico approaches that use protein sequences of bacteria in order to predict if an unknown bacterium belongs to IRRB or ionizing-radiationsensitive bacteria (IRSB).
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies ISBN: 0309039959 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 436
Book Description
This book reevaluates the health risks of ionizing radiation in light of data that have become available since the 1980 report on this subject was published. The data include new, much more reliable dose estimates for the A-bomb survivors, the results of an additional 14 years of follow-up of the survivors for cancer mortality, recent results of follow-up studies of persons irradiated for medical purposes, and results of relevant experiments with laboratory animals and cultured cells. It analyzes the data in terms of risk estimates for specific organs in relation to dose and time after exposure, and compares radiation effects between Japanese and Western populations.
Author: John R. Cooper Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 9780471899242 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 500
Book Description
- Thema des Bandes ist die Radioaktivität in der Umwelt (Herkunft, Transport, Messung) - einziges Buch auf dem Markt, das sich derart ausführlich nur mit diesem Thema beschäftigt - wendet sich an breitgefächertes Leserspektrum (Studenten, Dozenten, Forscher, Unternehmen, Berater) - Interesse am Einfluß menschlicher Tätigkeit auf die Umwelt nimmt ständig zu
Author: William J. Cooper
Author: William J. Cooper
Author: Institute of Medicine
Author: International Atomic Energy Agency
Author: Hisaaki Kudo
Author: William J. Cooper
Author: Ilya Obodovskiy
Author: Gaetano Licitra
Author: Tamar Reeve
Author: National Research Council
Author: John R. Cooper