Author: Hisayo YamanePublisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832518583
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 344
Book Description
Environmental and molecular control of bud dormancy and bud break in woody perennials: An integrative approach
Author: Hisayo YamanePublisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832518583
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 344
Book Description
Forest Genomics and Biotechnology
Author: Isabel AllonaPublisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889631788
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 185
Book Description
This Research Topic addresses research in genomics and biotechnology to improve the growth and quality of forest trees for wood, pulp, biorefineries and carbon capture. Forests are the world’s greatest repository of terrestrial biomass and biodiversity. Forests serve critical ecological services, supporting the preservation of fauna and flora, and water resources. Planted forests also offer a renewable source of timber, for pulp and paper production, and the biorefinery. Despite their fundamental role for society, thousands of hectares of forests are lost annually due to deforestation, pests, pathogens and urban development. As a consequence, there is an increasing need to develop trees that are more productive under lower inputs, while understanding how they adapt to the environment and respond to biotic and abiotic stress. Forest genomics and biotechnology, disciplines that study the genetic composition of trees and the methods required to modify them, began over a quarter of a century ago with the development of the first genetic maps and establishment of early methods of genetic transformation. Since then, genomics and biotechnology have impacted all research areas of forestry. Genome analyses of tree populations have uncovered genes involved in adaptation and response to biotic and abiotic stress. Genes that regulate growth and development have been identified, and in many cases their mechanisms of action have been described. Genetic transformation is now widely used to understand the roles of genes and to develop germplasm that is more suitable for commercial tree plantations. However, in contrast to many annual crops that have benefited from centuries of domestication and extensive genomic and biotechnology research, in forestry the field is still in its infancy. Thus, tremendous opportunities remain unexplored. This Research Topic aims to briefly summarize recent findings, to discuss long-term goals and to think ahead about future developments and how this can be applied to improve growth and quality of forest trees.
Introducing and Validating a High-throughput Bud Break Sensor
Author: George J. KleinknechtPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biosensors
Languages : en
Pages : 42
Book Description
Bud break is a key adaptive trait that can help us understand how plants respond to a changing climate from the molecular to landscape scale. Despite this, acquisition of bud break data is currently constrained by cost, scale, and a lack of information at the plant scale on the environmental stimuli that precede and cause bud dormancy to release. Additionally, to date, little effort has been devoted to phenotyping plants in nature owing to the challenge of controlling for environmental variation to isolate genomic effects on plant phenotype. Notwithstanding, natural selection operates on natural populations, and investigation of adaptive phenotypes in situ is warranted and can validate results from controlled laboratory experiments. In order to identify genomic effects on individual plant phenotypes in nature, environmental drivers must be concurrently measured and characterized. Here, we innovated and evaluated a sensor to meet these requirements for temperate woody plants. It was designed for use on a tree branch to measure the timing of bud break together with its key environmental drivers, temperature and day length. Specifically, we evaluated the sensor through independent corroboration with time-lapse photography and a suite of environmental sampling instruments. We also tested whether the presence of the device itself on a branch influenced the timing of bud break. Our results indicated the following: the bud break sensor's digital thermometer closely approximated a thermocouple touching plant tissue; the photoperiod detector measured ambient light with the same accuracy as time lapse photography; the phenology sensor accurately detected the timing of bud break; and the sensor itself did not influence bud phenology. Future use of the sensor can help galvanize a new field of study, landscape phenomics, or high-throughput phenotyping of organisms at the landscape level for integration with landscape genomics among other potential applications and disciplines.
Auxin Molecular Biology
Author: Cathérine Perrot-RechenmannPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401003777
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 181
Book Description
The plant hormone auxin plays a fundamental role in the growth and development of plants. Researchers from across the globe are currently attempting to unravel the molecular mechanisms by which auxin controls such diverse processes as cell division, cell elongation, and differentiation. Research questions on auxin action are being addressed using state-of-the-art techniques that are available to cell biologists, geneticists, molecular biologists, biochemists, and physiologists. This text highlights many of the major topics that were covered in a recent workshop that was specifically focused on research into the mechanisms of auxin action. The articles in this text give a current update of the research findings on auxin biosynthesis, metabolism and transport; evolutionary patterns; auxin perception, signal transduction and physiology; auxin-regulated gene expression and protein degradation pathway in auxin responses; and cross-talk between auxin and other plant signalling pathways.
Advances in Plant Dormancy
Author: James V. AndersonPublisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319144510
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 310
Book Description
Plant dormancy involves synchronization of environmental cues with developmental processes to ensure plant survival; however, negative impacts of plant dormancy include pre-harvest sprouting, non-uniform germination of crop and weed seeds, and fruit loss due to inappropriate bud break. Thus, our continued quest to disseminate information is important in moving our understanding of plant dormancy forward and to develop new ideas for improving food, feed, and fiber production and efficient weed control, particularly under global climate change. Proceeding from the 5th International Plant Dormancy Symposium will provide an overview related on our current understanding of how environmental factors impact cellular, molecular, and physiological processes involved in bud and seed dormancy, and perspectives and/or reviews on achievements, which should stimulate new ideas and lines of investigation that increase our understanding of plant dormancy and highlight directions for future research.
The Physiology of Bud Dormancy in Ornamental Woody Plants
Author: Robert Peter BonjaAnnual Report
Author: West Virginia University. Agricultural and Forestry Experiment StationPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 100
Book Description
Physiology of Woody Plants
Author: Stephen G. PallardyPublisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0080568718
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 469
Book Description
Woody plants such as trees have a significant economic and climatic influence on global economies and ecologies. This completely revised classic book is an up-to-date synthesis of the intensive research devoted to woody plants published in the second edition, with additional important aspects from the authors' previous book, Growth Control in Woody Plants. Intended primarily as a reference for researchers, the interdisciplinary nature of the book makes it useful to a broad range of scientists and researchers from agroforesters, agronomists, and arborists to plant pathologists and soil scientists. This third edition provides crutial updates to many chapters, including: responses of plants to elevated CO2; the process and regulation of cambial growth; photoinhibition and photoprotection of photosynthesis; nitrogen metabolism and internal recycling, and more. Revised chapters focus on emerging discoveries of the patterns and processes of woody plant physiology. * The only book to provide recommendations for the use of specific management practices and experimental procedures and equipment*Updated coverage of nearly all topics of interest to woody plant physiologists* Extensive revisions of chapters relating to key processes in growth, photosynthesis, and water relations* More than 500 new references * Examples of molecular-level evidence incorporated in discussion of the role of expansion proteins in plant growth; mechanism of ATP production by coupling factor in photosynthesis; the role of cellulose synthase in cell wall construction; structure-function relationships for aquaporin proteins
Botany for Gardeners, Fourth Edition
Author: Brian CaponPublisher: Timber Press
ISBN: 1643261681
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 443
Book Description
“This should be the cornerstone of every gardener’s library.” —Jeff Gillman, Director of the UNC Charlotte Botanical Gardens What happens inside a seed after it is planted? How are plants structured? How do plants reproduce? The answers to these and other questions about complex plant processes can be found in the bestselling Botany for Gardeners. First published in 1990 with more than 260,000 copies sold, it has become the go-to introduction to botany for students and gardeners. Now in its fourth edition, Botany for Gardeners has been expanded and updated. It features a revised interior, with new photos and illustrations that clarify the concepts clearer than ever before. Additional updates address scientific advances, changes in nomenclature and taxonomy, and more. As before, Botany for Gardeners shares accessible information about how plants are organized, how they have adapted to nearly all environments on earth, their essential functions, and how they reproduce.
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