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Author: D.P. Chattopadhyaya Publisher: Concept Publishing Company ISBN: 9788180693663 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 368
Book Description
This book is mainly concerned with environment evolution and values, -- terms which figure in its very title. The basic underlying concepts of evolution are natural environment highlighted by Lamarck (1744-1829), Heredity and natural selection emphasised by Darwin (1809-1882) and genetic mutation first developed by Mendel (1822-1884). Though these three great life scientists brought to light three main components of biological evolution, these were known and formulated by others for a long time.Nature is ordinarily believed to be a world of facts governed by law of causality and values are said to be rooted in human freedom. The author of this book has paid special attention to the so-called value-fact dualism with special reference to changing theories of evolution, and an attempt has been made to show that the supposed dualism is untenable. This book will be of interest to philosophers, life scientists and social scientists. It will be of interest also to the general readers.
Author: D.P. Chattopadhyaya Publisher: Concept Publishing Company ISBN: 9788180693663 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 368
Book Description
This book is mainly concerned with environment evolution and values, -- terms which figure in its very title. The basic underlying concepts of evolution are natural environment highlighted by Lamarck (1744-1829), Heredity and natural selection emphasised by Darwin (1809-1882) and genetic mutation first developed by Mendel (1822-1884). Though these three great life scientists brought to light three main components of biological evolution, these were known and formulated by others for a long time.Nature is ordinarily believed to be a world of facts governed by law of causality and values are said to be rooted in human freedom. The author of this book has paid special attention to the so-called value-fact dualism with special reference to changing theories of evolution, and an attempt has been made to show that the supposed dualism is untenable. This book will be of interest to philosophers, life scientists and social scientists. It will be of interest also to the general readers.
Author: Douglas W. Morris Publisher: OUP Oxford ISBN: 0191626589 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 281
Book Description
Pillars of Evolution provides a fresh and provocative perspective on adaptive evolution. Readers new to the study of evolution will find a refreshing new insight that establishes evolutionary biology as a rigorous and predictive science, whilst practicing biologists will discover a provocative book that challenges traditional approaches. The book begins by leading readers through the mechanics of heredity, reproduction, movement, survival, and development. With that framework in place, it then explores the numerous ways that traits emerge from the interactions between genetics, development, and the environment. The key message is that adaptive changes in traits (and their underlying allelic frequencies) evolve through the traits' functions and their connection with fitness. The complex mappings from genes-to-traits-to-fitness are characterized in the structure of evolution. A single "structure matrix" describes why individuals vary in the values of adaptive traits, their ability to perform the function of those traits, and in the fitness they accrue. Fitness depends on how organisms interact with and perceive their environment in time and space. These relationships are made explicit in spatial, temporal, and organizational scale that also sets the stage for the crucially important role that ecology always plays in evolution. The ecological hallmarks of density- and frequency-dependent interactions allow the authors to explore new and exciting insights into evolution's dynamics. The theories and principles are then brought together in a final synthesis on adaptation. The book's unique approach unites genetic, development, and environmental influences into a single comprehensive treatment of the eco-evolutionary process.
Author: L. Joseph Su Publisher: Springer ISBN: 1447166787 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 327
Book Description
This book examines the toxicological and health implications of environmental epigenetics and provides knowledge through an interdisciplinary approach. Included in this volume are chapters outlining various environmental risk factors such as phthalates and dietary components, life states such as pregnancy and ageing, hormonal and metabolic considerations and specific disease risks such as cancer cardiovascular diseases and other non-communicable diseases. Environmental Epigenetics imparts integrative knowledge of the science of epigenetics and the issues raised in environmental epidemiology. This book is intended to serve both as a reference compendium on environmental epigenetics for scientists in academia, industry and laboratories and as a textbook for graduate level environmental health courses. Environmental Epigenetics imparts integrative knowledge of the science of epigenetics and the issues raised in environmental epidemiology. This book is intended to serve both as a reference compendium on environmental epigenetics for scientists in academia, industry and laboratories and as a textbook for graduate level environmental health courses.
Author: Eloise Scotford Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing ISBN: 1782252894 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 315
Book Description
Environmental principles – from the polluter pays and precautionary principles to the principles of integration and sustainability – proliferate in domestic and international legal and policy discourse, reflecting key goals of environmental protection and sustainable development on which there is apparent political consensus. Environmental principles also have a high profile in environmental law, beyond their popularity as policy and political concepts, as ideas that might unify the subject and provide it with conceptual foundations or boost its delivery of environmental outcomes. However, environmental principles are elusive legal concepts. This book deepens the legal understanding of environmental principles in light of recent legal developments. It analyses the increasing legal effects of environmental principles in different jurisdictions and demonstrates how they are shaping and revealing innovative and evolving bodies of environmental law. This analysis is a step forward in understanding a key feature of modern environmental law and presents a robust methodology for dealing with novel legal concepts in the subject. It also makes a contribution to environmental policy debates and discussions internationally that rely heavily on environmental principles, including their supposed legal effects.
Author: Gerdina de Jong Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642730698 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 290
Book Description
At least since the 1940s neo-Darwinism has prevailed as the consensus view in the study of evolution. The mechanism of evolution in this view is natural selection leading to adaptation, working on a substrate of adapta tionally random mutations. As both the study of genetic variation in natural populations, and the study of the mathematical equations of selec tion are reckoned to a field called population genetics, population genetics came to form the core in the theory of evolution. So much so, that the fact that there is more to the theory of evolution than population genetics became somewhat obscured. The genetics of the evolutionary process, or the genetics of evolutionary change, came close to being all of evolutionary biology. In the last 10 years, this dominating position of population genetics within evolutionary biology has been challenged. In evolutionary ecology, optimization theory proved more useful than population genetics for interesting predictions, especially of life history strategies. From develop mental biology, constraints in development and the role of internal regula tion were emphasized. From paleobiology, a proposal was put forward to describe the fossil record and the evolutionary process as a series of punc tuated equilibria; thus exhorting population geneticists to give a plausible account of how such might come about. All these developments tend to obscure the central role of population genetics in evolutionary biology.
Author: Robert Cliquet Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319730908 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 545
Book Description
The book aims to revitalise the interdisciplinary debate about evolutionary ethics and substantiate the idea that evolution science can provide a rational and robust framework for understanding morality. It also traces pathways for knowledge-based choices to be made about directions for future long-term biological evolution and cultural development in view of adaptation to the expected, probable and possible future and the ecological sustainability of our planetary environment The authors discuss ethical challenges associated with the major biosocial sources of human variation: individual variation, inter-personal variation, inter-group variation, and inter-generational variation. This book approaches the long-term challenges of the human species in a holistic way. Researchers will find an extensive discussion of the key theoretical scientific aspects of the relationship between evolution and morality. Policy makers will find information that can help them better understand from where we are coming and inspire them to make choices and take actions in a longer-term perspective. The general public will find food for thoughts.
Author: Donato Bergandi Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9400750676 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 195
Book Description
Evolutionary biology, ecology and ethics: at first glance, three different objects of research, three different worldviews and three different scientific communities. In reality, there are both structural and historical links between these disciplines. First, some topics are obviously common across the board. Second, the emerging need for environmental policy management has gradually but radically changed the relationship between these disciplines. Over the last decades in particular, there has emerged a need for an interconnecting meta-paradigm that integrates more strictly evolutionary studies, biodiversity studies and the ethical frameworks that are most appropriate for allowing a lasting co-evolution between natural and social systems. Today such a need is more than a mere luxury, it is an epistemological and practical necessity.
Author: Cinzia Verde Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642273491 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 258
Book Description
The second volume of “Adaptation and Evolution in Marine Environments – The Impacts of Global Change on Biodiversity” from the series “From Pole to Pole” integrates the marine biology contribution of the first tome to the IPY 2007-2009, presenting overviews of organisms (from bacteria and ciliates to higher vertebrates) thriving on polar continental shelves, slopes and deep sea. The speed and extent of warming in the Arctic and in regions of Antarctica (the Peninsula, at the present ) are greater than elsewhere. Changes impact several parameters, in particular the extent of sea ice; organisms, ecosystems and communities that became finely adapted to increasing cold in the course of millions of years are now becoming vulnerable, and biodiversity is threatened. Investigating evolutionary adaptations helps to foresee the impact of changes in temperate areas, highlighting the invaluable contribution of polar marine research to present and future outcomes of the IPY in the Earth system scenario.
Author: Ary A. Hoffmann Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 9780521446594 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 276
Book Description
Most natural populations intermittently experience extremely stressful conditions. This book discusses how such conditions can cause periods of intense selection, increasing both phenotypic and genetic variation, and allowing organisms with novel characteristics to be first generated and then established in the population. The authors argue that stressful conditions can have a major impact on the environment, backing up their arguments with evidence from the fossil record. They suggest further that, as a consequence, periods of stress must be taken into consideration when long term conservation strategies are planned, particularly as stressful conditions are becoming increasingly prevalent as a result of human activities. This broad overview will be of great interest to students and researchers in the field of evolutionary biology, genetics, ecology, palaeontology and conservation biology.
Author: D.P. Chattopadhyaya
Author: D.P. Chattopadhyaya
Author: Adriana James
Author: Douglas W. Morris
Author: L. Joseph Su
Author: Eloise Scotford
Author: Gerdina de Jong
Author: Robert Cliquet
Author: Donato Bergandi
Author: Cinzia Verde
Author: Ary A. Hoffmann