Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) recently completed a rulemaking process in which it amended the existing energy efficiency standards for residential water heaters. A key factor in DOE?s consideration of new standards is the economic impacts on consumers. Determining such impacts requires a comparison of the additional first cost of energy efficiency design options with the savings in operating costs. This paper describes the method used to conduct the life-cycle cost (LCC) and payback period analysis for gas and electric storage water heaters. It presents the estimated change in LCC associated with more energy-efficient equipment, including heat pump electric water heaters and condensing gas water heaters, for a representative sample of U.S. homes. The study included a detailed accounting of installation costs for the considered design options, with a focus on approaches for accommodating the larger dimensions of more efficient water heaters. For heat pump water heaters, the study also considered airflow requirements, venting issues, and the impact of these products on the indoor environment. The results indicate that efficiency improvement relative to the baseline design reduces the LCC in the majority of homes for both gas and electric storage water heaters, and heat pump electric water heaters and condensing gas water heaters provide a lower LCC for homes with large rated volume water heaters.
Energy Efficiency Design Options for Residential Water Heaters
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) recently completed a rulemaking process in which it amended the existing energy efficiency standards for residential water heaters. A key factor in DOE?s consideration of new standards is the economic impacts on consumers. Determining such impacts requires a comparison of the additional first cost of energy efficiency design options with the savings in operating costs. This paper describes the method used to conduct the life-cycle cost (LCC) and payback period analysis for gas and electric storage water heaters. It presents the estimated change in LCC associated with more energy-efficient equipment, including heat pump electric water heaters and condensing gas water heaters, for a representative sample of U.S. homes. The study included a detailed accounting of installation costs for the considered design options, with a focus on approaches for accommodating the larger dimensions of more efficient water heaters. For heat pump water heaters, the study also considered airflow requirements, venting issues, and the impact of these products on the indoor environment. The results indicate that efficiency improvement relative to the baseline design reduces the LCC in the majority of homes for both gas and electric storage water heaters, and heat pump electric water heaters and condensing gas water heaters provide a lower LCC for homes with large rated volume water heaters.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) recently completed a rulemaking process in which it amended the existing energy efficiency standards for residential water heaters. A key factor in DOE?s consideration of new standards is the economic impacts on consumers. Determining such impacts requires a comparison of the additional first cost of energy efficiency design options with the savings in operating costs. This paper describes the method used to conduct the life-cycle cost (LCC) and payback period analysis for gas and electric storage water heaters. It presents the estimated change in LCC associated with more energy-efficient equipment, including heat pump electric water heaters and condensing gas water heaters, for a representative sample of U.S. homes. The study included a detailed accounting of installation costs for the considered design options, with a focus on approaches for accommodating the larger dimensions of more efficient water heaters. For heat pump water heaters, the study also considered airflow requirements, venting issues, and the impact of these products on the indoor environment. The results indicate that efficiency improvement relative to the baseline design reduces the LCC in the majority of homes for both gas and electric storage water heaters, and heat pump electric water heaters and condensing gas water heaters provide a lower LCC for homes with large rated volume water heaters.
Regional Analysis of Residential Water Heating Options
Author: Dennis O'Neal
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Energy conservation
Languages : en
Pages : 76
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Energy conservation
Languages : en
Pages : 76
Book Description
Design Considerations for Hot Water Plumbing
Author: A. Bhatia
Publisher: CreateSpace
ISBN: 9781502853134
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 102
Book Description
Heating water is typically the second largest use of energy in residential and commercial buildings (after space heating and cooling). Despite its resource intensity, the hot water delivery system is seldom an area of significant focus when constructing a building. As a result, many buildings today are built with poor performing, inefficient hot water delivery systems that take minutes to deliver hot water to the point of use and waste large amounts of energy and water in the process. How quickly and efficiently a hot water system can deliver to the point of use require focus on three areas:• Generation: Heaters shall be sized for meeting both the daily requirements and for the hourly peak loads of the occupants of the building. Hot water can temporarily run out if the design is inadequate and will have higher energy costs if the system is oversized. • Distribution: Once heated, the hot water must be delivered to the intended point of use. The factors influencing the distribution efficiency include length of piping between the water heater and a given fixture, continuous recirculation controls, and materials and insulation effectiveness. • Use: Hot water is used by a variety of fixtures and appliances (faucets, showerheads, clothes washers, and dishwashers). Using efficient products such labeled faucets and showerheads that function at lower flow rates will increase the efficiency of the system.This quick book provides a brief overview of and potential design considerations for hot water plumbing systems for residential and commercial buildings.Learning ObjectiveBy completing this module, the reader will be able to:• Estimate the hot water demands based on theory of probability, fixture types and number of occupants;• Understand the hot water generation techniques, type of fuels and heaters;• Explain three primary factors influencing the heater selection: 1) capacity and frequency of use, 2) heater performance and 3) operating costs;• Determine the appropriate sizing of storage water heaters and compare the use of terms - first heat recovery, storage capacity and recovery rate;• Explain the components of centralized hot water system, direct and indirect heating systems;• Explain the basics of hot water distribution in domestic and commercial installations and its relation to water and energy efficiency;• Understand the application of various types of water supply configurations - an upfeed system, a downfeed system, or some combination thereof;• Understand the difference between the direct and reverse return piping configurations;• Compare and contrast the different control options for designing a continuous recirculation hot distribution system and the impact of such choices on water and energy sustainability;• Size the hot water circulator and the piping diameters on velocity and pressure drop criteria;• Understand the different techniques and options for hot water mixing control;• Learn the facts, formulas and good engineering practices pertaining to energy efficiency and safety.
Publisher: CreateSpace
ISBN: 9781502853134
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 102
Book Description
Heating water is typically the second largest use of energy in residential and commercial buildings (after space heating and cooling). Despite its resource intensity, the hot water delivery system is seldom an area of significant focus when constructing a building. As a result, many buildings today are built with poor performing, inefficient hot water delivery systems that take minutes to deliver hot water to the point of use and waste large amounts of energy and water in the process. How quickly and efficiently a hot water system can deliver to the point of use require focus on three areas:• Generation: Heaters shall be sized for meeting both the daily requirements and for the hourly peak loads of the occupants of the building. Hot water can temporarily run out if the design is inadequate and will have higher energy costs if the system is oversized. • Distribution: Once heated, the hot water must be delivered to the intended point of use. The factors influencing the distribution efficiency include length of piping between the water heater and a given fixture, continuous recirculation controls, and materials and insulation effectiveness. • Use: Hot water is used by a variety of fixtures and appliances (faucets, showerheads, clothes washers, and dishwashers). Using efficient products such labeled faucets and showerheads that function at lower flow rates will increase the efficiency of the system.This quick book provides a brief overview of and potential design considerations for hot water plumbing systems for residential and commercial buildings.Learning ObjectiveBy completing this module, the reader will be able to:• Estimate the hot water demands based on theory of probability, fixture types and number of occupants;• Understand the hot water generation techniques, type of fuels and heaters;• Explain three primary factors influencing the heater selection: 1) capacity and frequency of use, 2) heater performance and 3) operating costs;• Determine the appropriate sizing of storage water heaters and compare the use of terms - first heat recovery, storage capacity and recovery rate;• Explain the components of centralized hot water system, direct and indirect heating systems;• Explain the basics of hot water distribution in domestic and commercial installations and its relation to water and energy efficiency;• Understand the application of various types of water supply configurations - an upfeed system, a downfeed system, or some combination thereof;• Understand the difference between the direct and reverse return piping configurations;• Compare and contrast the different control options for designing a continuous recirculation hot distribution system and the impact of such choices on water and energy sustainability;• Size the hot water circulator and the piping diameters on velocity and pressure drop criteria;• Understand the different techniques and options for hot water mixing control;• Learn the facts, formulas and good engineering practices pertaining to energy efficiency and safety.
Energy Efficiency Innovation in the Residential Appliance Industries
Author: John Anthony Beldock
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 668
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 668
Book Description
Water Heating Design Guide
Author: Marc Hoeschele
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hot-water heating
Languages : en
Pages : 86
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hot-water heating
Languages : en
Pages : 86
Book Description
Domestic Water Heating Design Manual
Author: American Society of Plumbing Engineers
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781891255038
Category : Hot-water supply
Languages : en
Pages : 320
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781891255038
Category : Hot-water supply
Languages : en
Pages : 320
Book Description
Water Heater Options
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 28
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 28
Book Description
Federal Register
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Delegated legislation
Languages : en
Pages : 276
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Delegated legislation
Languages : en
Pages : 276
Book Description
Residential Water Heating Program
Author: Douglas Kosar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Energy conservation
Languages : en
Pages : 344
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Energy conservation
Languages : en
Pages : 344
Book Description
Energy Conservation Design Manual for New Residential Buildings
Author: California Energy Commission. Conservation Division
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Architecture and energy conservation
Languages : en
Pages : 506
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Architecture and energy conservation
Languages : en
Pages : 506
Book Description