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Author: Yitagesu Zewdu Zergawu Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 272
Book Description
Aquesta tesi es compon de quatre assaigs empírics que estudien l'economia política de l'heterogeneïtat social, la migració internacional i la qualitat institucional. El primer assaig analitza l'impacte dels xocs de preus dels productes bàsics i l'heterogeneïtat social sobre la incidència de conflictes civils. Amb l'ús de dades del panell per als països en desenvolupament, aquest assaig mostra que els xocs dels preus dels productes bàsics influeixen en els conflictes intraestatals en relació amb les estructures de diversitat social preexistents, així com els tipus de productes bàsics. El segon assaig analitza les tendències de la migració internacional centrades en els immigrants africans a Europa. Mitjançant dades de panell sobre migració bilateral, es mostra que els fluxos migratoris estan determinats per factors polítics i socials, a més de factors econòmics. Els resultats suggereixen que les intervencions polítiques per part de la Unió Europea i l'associació amb països africans haurien d'abordar els factors polítics i socials, a més dels econòmics, per gestionar les migracions internacionals. El tercer assaig examina l'impacte conjunt del capital d'infraestructura i la qualitat institucional en el creixement econòmic mitjançant un gran conjunt de dades de 120 països. Els resultats mostren que els termes d'interacció entre el capital d'infraestructura i la qualitat institucional tenen un impacte positiu i significatiu en el creixement econòmic. Això posa de manifest el paper de la qualitat institucional en la productivitat econòmica del capital d'infraestructura. Finalment, el quart assaig, que és un treball en curs, examina com els emigrants - concretament els emigrants africans, en aquest context - afecten l'estabilitat política i les reformes institucionals dels seus països d'origen. Junts, aquests assajos contribueixen a comprendre els conflictes civils, la migració internacional i la qualitat institucional en contextos caracteritzats per relacions multilaterals entre països.
Author: Yitagesu Zewdu Zergawu Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 272
Book Description
Aquesta tesi es compon de quatre assaigs empírics que estudien l'economia política de l'heterogeneïtat social, la migració internacional i la qualitat institucional. El primer assaig analitza l'impacte dels xocs de preus dels productes bàsics i l'heterogeneïtat social sobre la incidència de conflictes civils. Amb l'ús de dades del panell per als països en desenvolupament, aquest assaig mostra que els xocs dels preus dels productes bàsics influeixen en els conflictes intraestatals en relació amb les estructures de diversitat social preexistents, així com els tipus de productes bàsics. El segon assaig analitza les tendències de la migració internacional centrades en els immigrants africans a Europa. Mitjançant dades de panell sobre migració bilateral, es mostra que els fluxos migratoris estan determinats per factors polítics i socials, a més de factors econòmics. Els resultats suggereixen que les intervencions polítiques per part de la Unió Europea i l'associació amb països africans haurien d'abordar els factors polítics i socials, a més dels econòmics, per gestionar les migracions internacionals. El tercer assaig examina l'impacte conjunt del capital d'infraestructura i la qualitat institucional en el creixement econòmic mitjançant un gran conjunt de dades de 120 països. Els resultats mostren que els termes d'interacció entre el capital d'infraestructura i la qualitat institucional tenen un impacte positiu i significatiu en el creixement econòmic. Això posa de manifest el paper de la qualitat institucional en la productivitat econòmica del capital d'infraestructura. Finalment, el quart assaig, que és un treball en curs, examina com els emigrants - concretament els emigrants africans, en aquest context - afecten l'estabilitat política i les reformes institucionals dels seus països d'origen. Junts, aquests assajos contribueixen a comprendre els conflictes civils, la migració internacional i la qualitat institucional en contextos caracteritzats per relacions multilaterals entre països.
Author: Torsten Persson Publisher: MIT Press ISBN: 9780262661928 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 324
Book Description
The authors of The Economic Effects of Constitutions use econometric tools to study what they call the "missing link" between constitutional systems and economic policy; the book is an uncompromisingly empirical sequel to their previous theoretical analysis of economic policy. Taking recent theoretical work as a point of departure, they ask which theoretical findings are supported and which are contradicted by the facts. The results are based on comparisons of political institutions across countries or time, in a large sample of contemporary democracies. They find that presidential/parliamentary and majoritarian/proportional dichotomies influence several economic variables: presidential regimes induce smaller public sectors, and proportional elections lead to greater and less targeted government spending and larger budget deficits. Moreover, the details of the electoral system (such as district magnitude and ballot structure) influence corruption and structural policies toward economic growth.Persson and Tabellini's goal is to draw conclusions about the causal effects of constitutions on policy outcomes. But since constitutions are not randomly assigned to countries, how the constitutional system was selected in the first place must be taken into account. This raises challenging methodological problems, which are addressed in the book. The study is therefore important not only in its findings but also in establishing a methodology for empirical analysis in the field of comparative politics.
Author: Alberto Alesina Publisher: MIT Press ISBN: 9780262261401 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 286
Book Description
The authors of this timely and provocative book use the tools of economic analysis to examine the formation and change of political borders. They argue that while these issues have always been at the core of historical analysis, international economists have tended to regard the size of a country as "exogenous," or no more subject to explanation than the location of a mountain range or the course of a river. Alesina and Spolaore consider a country's borders to be subject to the same analysis as any other man-made institution. In The Size of Nations, they argue that the optimal size of a country is determined by a cost-benefit trade-off between the benefits of size and the costs of heterogeneity. In a large country, per capita costs may be low, but the heterogeneous preferences of a large population make it hard to deliver services and formulate policy. Smaller countries may find it easier to respond to citizen preferences in a democratic way. Alesina and Spolaore substantiate their analysis with simple analytical models that show how the patterns of globalization, international conflict, and democratization of the last two hundred years can explain patterns of state formation. Their aim is not only "normative" but also "positive"—that is, not only to compute the optimal size of a state in theory but also to explain the phenomenon of country size in reality. They argue that the complexity of real world conditions does not preclude a systematic analysis, and that such an analysis, synthesizing economics, political science, and history, can help us understand real world events.
Author: Gabriel Echeverría Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030409031 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 251
Book Description
This open access book provides an alternative theoretical framework of irregular migration that allows to overcome many of the contradictions and theoretical impasses displayed by the majority of approaches in current literature. The analytical framework allows moving from an interpretation biased by methodological nationalism, to a more general systemic interpretation. It explains irregular migration as a structural phenomenon or contemporary society, and why state policies are greatly ineffective in their attempt to control irregular migration. It also explains irregular migration as a diversified phenomenon that relates to the social characteristics of the context, and why states accept irregular migrants. By providing new comparative, empirical, qualitative material which allows to start filling an evident gap in the current research on irregular migration, this book is of interest to graduate students, scholars and policy makers.
Author: Pippa Norris Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 9781108444422 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 564
Book Description
Authoritarian populist parties have advanced in many countries, and entered government in states as diverse as Austria, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, and Switzerland. Even small parties can still shift the policy agenda, as demonstrated by UKIP's role in catalyzing Brexit. Drawing on new evidence, this book advances a general theory why the silent revolution in values triggered a backlash fuelling support for authoritarian-populist parties and leaders in the US and Europe. The conclusion highlights the dangers of this development and what could be done to mitigate the risks to liberal democracy.
Author: Robin Cohen Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing ISBN: Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 368
Book Description
Facsimiles of 16 essays published from the 1970s to the 1990s offer a variety of scholarly views on migration since World War II. Among them are transnational migration as a small window on the diminished autonomy of the modern democratic state, the function of labor immigration in western European capitalism, non-white minority access to the political agenda in Britain, immigration and refugee policy in the US, immigration and changes in the French party system, and an aggregate data analysis of the National Front vote in the 1977 Greater London Council elections. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author: Ms.Era Dabla-Norris Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1513547437 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 39
Book Description
This paper analyzes the extent of income inequality from a global perspective, its drivers, and what to do about it. The drivers of inequality vary widely amongst countries, with some common drivers being the skill premium associated with technical change and globalization, weakening protection for labor, and lack of financial inclusion in developing countries. We find that increasing the income share of the poor and the middle class actually increases growth while a rising income share of the top 20 percent results in lower growth—that is, when the rich get richer, benefits do not trickle down. This suggests that policies need to be country specific but should focus on raising the income share of the poor, and ensuring there is no hollowing out of the middle class. To tackle inequality, financial inclusion is imperative in emerging and developing countries while in advanced economies, policies should focus on raising human capital and skills and making tax systems more progressive.
Author: Josh Lerner Publisher: University of Chicago Press ISBN: 0226473031 Category : Art Languages : en Pages : 715
Book Description
This volume offers contributions to questions relating to the economics of innovation and technological change. Central to the development of new technologies are institutional environments and among the topics discussed are the roles played by universities and the ways in which the allocation of funds affects innovation.
Author: Mr.Bjoern Rother Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1475535783 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 43
Book Description
In recent decades, the Middle East and North Africa region (MENA) has experienced more frequent and severe conflicts than in any other region of the world, exacting a devastating human toll. The region now faces unprecedented challenges, including the emergence of violent non-state actors, significant destruction, and a refugee crisis bigger than any since World War II. This paper raises awareness of the economic costs of conflicts on the countries directly involved and on their neighbors. It argues that appropriate macroeconomic policies can help mitigate the impact of conflicts in the short term, and that fostering higher and more inclusive growth can help address some of the root causes of conflicts over the long term. The paper also highlights the crucial role of external partners, including the IMF, in helping MENA countries tackle these challenges.
Author: Yitagesu Zewdu Zergawu
Author: Yitagesu Zewdu Zergawu
Author: Torsten Persson
Author: Alberto Alesina
Author: Gabriel Echeverría
Author: Pippa Norris
Author: Robin Cohen
Author: Ms.Era Dabla-Norris
Author: Josh Lerner
Author: Mr.Bjoern Rother
Author: Jonathan Nitzan