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Author: Anne Zilles Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319634119 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 142
Book Description
This thesis offers the first laboratory validation of microscopic simulations of radio emission from particle showers, including a detailed description of the simulation study. It presents a potential future avenue for resolving the mass composition of cosmic rays via radio detection of air showers. Particle showers are created from cascading interactions when high-energy particles collide with matter, e.g. with air in the case of cosmic radiation, or with a particle detector in the case of experiments at CERN. These showers can consist of billions of particles, mostly electrons, positrons and photons. They emit radio waves when the absorbing medium is in a magnetic field, and this radio emission can be used as a novel means of detecting and drawing inferences on the shower and the primary particle. The new method is currently being established in cosmic ray research, where large antenna arrays may soon replace or complement traditional particle detectors. In thi s study, a complete microscopic simulation of a radio-emission experiment conducted at Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC), Stanford/USA, is performed, and the underlying physical models are validated. The model is subsequently applied to the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) project, which is a large interferometer for radio astronomy. It is demonstrated that the SKA, with some modifications, might also be used for cosmic ray research based on radio detection of high-energy particles from the cosmos.
Author: Anne Zilles Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319634119 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 142
Book Description
This thesis offers the first laboratory validation of microscopic simulations of radio emission from particle showers, including a detailed description of the simulation study. It presents a potential future avenue for resolving the mass composition of cosmic rays via radio detection of air showers. Particle showers are created from cascading interactions when high-energy particles collide with matter, e.g. with air in the case of cosmic radiation, or with a particle detector in the case of experiments at CERN. These showers can consist of billions of particles, mostly electrons, positrons and photons. They emit radio waves when the absorbing medium is in a magnetic field, and this radio emission can be used as a novel means of detecting and drawing inferences on the shower and the primary particle. The new method is currently being established in cosmic ray research, where large antenna arrays may soon replace or complement traditional particle detectors. In thi s study, a complete microscopic simulation of a radio-emission experiment conducted at Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC), Stanford/USA, is performed, and the underlying physical models are validated. The model is subsequently applied to the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) project, which is a large interferometer for radio astronomy. It is demonstrated that the SKA, with some modifications, might also be used for cosmic ray research based on radio detection of high-energy particles from the cosmos.
Author: Rachel J. Hyneman Publisher: ISBN: Category : Cosmic ray showers Languages : en Pages : 58
Book Description
The SLAC T-510 Experiment studied the effects of a magnetic field upon the radio- frequency emission from particle showers in high-density polyethylene. Ultra-High Energy (UHF) and Very High Frequency (VHF) antennas were used to measure the radio frequency (RF) radiation from particle showers in the target. Special near field data runs were performed with the UHF antenna array positioned closer to the target (along the beam axis). The signal was split into two linearly polarized components, vertical and horizontal, arising from two different mechanisms: the Askaryan and Magnetic effects, respectively. Peak voltage data from the near-field runs was used to determine the behavior of the radiation amplitude as a function of distance from the target and angle made with respect to the beam line. Power spectral densities were produced using near field runs to analyze how various frequency ranges behaved as a function of distance. Initial results indicate that the amplitude dependence of the peak voltage on angle remains consistent even as the antennas are moved further from the target. A 1/R correction describes the effects of moving away from the target well. Spectral analysis reveals unclear effects in the lower frequency ranges. Although near field interference might be expected, such variations are likely dominated by reflections of RF emission within the target.
Author: Katharine B. Mulrey Publisher: ISBN: 9780355762365 Category : Languages : en Pages : 236
Book Description
Neutrino and cosmic ray astronomy allow scientists to gather information about the highest energy processes in the universe. However, since cosmic rays are charged nuclei moving in astrophysical magnetic fields, it has not been possible to determine their sources by studying their arrival directions. A pointed neutrino flux is expected at such energies, either direct from the sources or due to the GZK process, where high energy cosmic rays interact with cosmic microwave photons as they travel through the universe. Detection methods make use of particle cascades initiated by these high energy primaries. In particular, the electromagnetic radiation in radio frequencies generated by particle cascades is a powerful tool. Particle cascades emit radiation by the Askaryan process, where a charge excess in the cascade emits coherently. In the presence of a magnetic field, a transverse current develops which also emits coherently in the radio regime. Theoretical models describe this radiation and are widely used to reconstruct the energy, geometry, and composition of observed events. Therefore, understanding and validating models describing this radiation is of great importance to neutrino and cosmic ray astronomy. ☐ The SLAC T-510 beam test is the first experiment to produce a particle cascade in a controlled setting in the presence of a magnetic field. Radio-frequency (RF) emission is collected in the region of the Cherenkov cone in two polarizations designed to separately capture Askaryan and magnetically induced radiation. Field intensity, linearity with magnetic field, and spectral content are compared to particle-level simulations. The data provide experimental evidence supporting theoretical models, and show the first laboratory results of the scaling of the radiative strength with the magnetic field. ☐ SLAC T-510 grew out of a need to calibrate the sensitivity of the ANITA (Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna) experiment to cosmic ray air showers. ANITA uses radio techniques to detect the highest energy neutrinos and cosmic rays. An array of broadband antennas flies over Antarctica looking for signals from neutrinos interacting in ice and cosmic rays interacting in the atmosphere. The ANITA 3 flight took place in the austral summer of 2014-2015. ☐ In this dissertation I describe the SLAC T-510 experiment and results, as well as preparation and flight from the 2014 ANITA 3 campaign.
Author: David Saltzberg Publisher: American Institute of Physics ISBN: Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 340
Book Description
Many physicists and astrophysicists are searching for information about the highest energy and therefore rarest cosmic rays. This has motivated efforts to instrument larger and larger volumes of material, leading to a resurgence of radio detection techniques. Particle-astrophysicists from around the world gathered to share recent results, simulations, hardware techniques, and historical reminiscences.
Author: Frank Schröder Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642336604 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 199
Book Description
Cosmic rays consist of elementary particles with enormous energy which originate from outside our solar system and constantly hit the Earth’s atmosphere. Where do these cosmic rays originate? How does nature accelerate the cosmic-ray particles to energies with orders of magnitude beyond the limits of manmade particle accelerators? What can we learn by measuring the interactions of the cosmic rays with the atmosphere? Digital radio-antenna arrays offer a promising, complementary measurement method for high-energy cosmic rays. This thesis reports on substantial advances in the development of the radio technique, which will be used to address these questions in future experiments.
Author: Claus Grupen Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642132715 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 1251
Book Description
The handbook centers on detection techniques in the field of particle physics, medical imaging and related subjects. It is structured into three parts. The first one is dealing with basic ideas of particle detectors, followed by applications of these devices in high energy physics and other fields. In the last part the large field of medical imaging using similar detection techniques is described. The different chapters of the book are written by world experts in their field. Clear instructions on the detection techniques and principles in terms of relevant operation parameters for scientists and graduate students are given.Detailed tables and diagrams will make this a very useful handbook for the application of these techniques in many different fields like physics, medicine, biology and other areas of natural science.
Author: Sergio Bertolucci Publisher: IOS Press ISBN: 1607506300 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 202
Book Description
High energy physics (HEP) has a crucial role in the context of fundamental physics. HEP experiments make use of a massive array of sophisticated detectors to analyze the particles produced in high-energy scattering events. This book contains the papers from the workshop 'Radiation and Particle Detectors', organized by the International School of Physics, and held in Varenna in July 2009. Its subject is the use of detectors for research in fundamental physics, astro-particle physics and applied physics. Subjects covered include the measurement of: the position and length of ionization trails, t.
Author: Anne Zilles
Author: Anne Zilles
Author: Rachel J. Hyneman
Author: Katharine B. Mulrey
Author: David Saltzberg
Author: 
Author: Brian Lawless
Author: 
Author: Frank Schröder
Author: Claus Grupen
Author: Sergio Bertolucci