Electrolyte Effects on Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution PDF Download

Author: Laura Y. Chong
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780355149159
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
This study reports the role of electrostatics in photocatalysis for optimizing hydrogen evolution from water. Ruthenium deposited/rhodium doped strontium titanate (Ru/Rh(3%):SrTiO3) nanoparticles have been synthesized to demonstrate hydrogen evolution capability. This nanostructured system develops visible light absorptivity after doping with 3% rhodium that further improves after the photodeposition of ruthenium metal particles. The Rh(3%):SrTiO3 nanoparticles obtain an average hydrogen evolution rate of 20 [mu]mol H2 h−1 compared to 42 [mu]mol H2 h−1 after the addition of 1M Na2HPO4 electrolyte. Furthermore, Ru/Rh(3%):SrTiO3 yield an average hydrogen production rate of 22 [mu]mol H2 h−1 without electrolytes and 32 [mu]mol H2 h−1 after the addition of 1M Na2HPO4. All systems are irradiated with visible light and include 0.05M K4Fe(CN)6 as the sacrificial electron donor. Lower production rates for Ru/Rh(3%):SrTiO3 than Rh(3%):SrTiO3 are observed due to particle agglomeration and competing reaction for the reduction of water and oxidized sacrificial electron donor. Surface photovoltage spectroscopy (SPS) measurements confirm n-type semiconducting material. Quenching photovoltages up to 1450 mV for Rh(3%):SrTiO3 and 280 mV for Ru/Rh(3%):SrTiO3 are observed because of ionic screening from adding 0.05M Na2HPO4. Experimental results are evaluated using Coulomb’s Law for electrostatic potential and charge density of a capacitor to analyze photochemical charge separation efficiency.

Author: Misook Kang
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039363107
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 136

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Book Description
Energy crises and global warming pose serious challenges to researchers in their attempt to develop a sustainable society for the future. Solar energy conversion is a remarkable, clean, and sustainable way to nullify the effects of fossil fuels. The findings of photocatalytic hydrogen production (PCHP) by Fujishima and Honda propose that “water will be the coal for the future”. Hydrogen is a carbon-free clean fuel with a high specific energy of combustion. Titanium oxide (TiO2), graphitic-carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and cadmium sulfide (CdS) are three pillars of water splitting photocatalysts owing to their superior electronic and optical properties. Tremendous research efforts have been made in recent years to fabricate visible or solar-light, active photocatalysts. The significant features of various oxide, sulfide, and carbon based photocatalysts for cost-effective hydrogen production are presented in this Special Issue. The insights of sacrificial agents on the hydrogen production efficiency of catalysts are also presented in this issue.

Author: Shaohua Shen
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527831010
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 485

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Book Description
Water Photo- and Electro-Catalysis Introduce yourself to the cutting-edge processes of water photo- and electro-catalysis with this important guide Photocatalysis and electrocatalysis reactions involving water are becoming an increasingly important component of energy and sustainability research. Water electrocatalysis and photo-electrocatalysis promise to have a significant impact on human energy production and its by-products, and to play a substantial role in solutions to global energy and environmental crises. Familiarity with these processes will be critical for sustainable energy production in the coming years. Water Photo- and Electro-Catalysis provides a detailed and readable introduction to these processes and their attendant technologies. It covers mechanisms, materials, and devices that catalyze water-based energy conversion, as well as introducing the theoretical principles that are driving the development of new technologies in this area. The result is an essential book for researchers and materials scientists in a range of fields. Water Photo- and Electro-Catalysis readers will also find: An editorial team with decades of combined experience in energy and materials science research Detailed treatment of electrocatalysis processes for hydrogen evolution (HER), oxygen/hydrogen peroxide evolution (OER/HPER), and more Analysis of mechanisms including heterogenous vs. homogenous photocatalysis, electrodes-based photo-electrocatalysis, and photovoltaic-electrocatalysis Water Photo- and Electro-Catalysis is a valuable reference for catalytic chemists, materials scientists, energy chemists, and all research and industry professionals in photo(electro)catalysis and sustainable energy fields.

Author:
Publisher: ScholarlyEditions
ISBN: 1464990883
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1182

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Book Description
Electrolytes—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Electrolytes. The editors have built Electrolytes—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Electrolytes in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Electrolytes—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Author: Frederick Tadeusz Wagner
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Catalysis
Languages : en
Pages : 676

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Book Description

Author: David J. Fisher
Publisher: Materials Research Forum LLC
ISBN: 1644900882
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 120

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Book Description
The book focuses on the direct production of hydrogen, using solar energy. Photocatalytic water-splitting by exposing semiconductors to sunlight is one of the most promising routes. The range of materials and other non-electrolytic methods are also reviewed The book references 205 original resources and includes their direct web link for in-depth reading. Keywords: Water-Splitting, Hydrogen Production, Solar Energy Conversion, Photocatalytic Water-Splitting, Thermochanical Water-Splitting, Machano-Catalysis, Photocatalysis, Electrocatalysis, Light-induced Ionization of Semiconductors, Z-Schemes of Photosynthesis.

Author: Xiao-Yu Yang
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9819905109
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 407

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Book Description
This book presents photo-driven seawater splitting technologies for hydrogen production. This technology is considered as a win–win interplay for both the utilization of solar energy as the most renewable energy and seawater as the most hydrogen source. The book also discusses topics from raw materials selection, characterization and mechanistic insights to the latest research developments in response to the need for environmentally friendly and low-carbon industries. In addition, it provides insights into a most attractive energy-conversion and storage cascade by combining solar energy and a hydrogen system. Given its scope, this book appeals to a broad readership, particularly professionals at universities and scientific research institutes, as well as practitioners in industry.

Author: Kuan Yew Cheong
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128230703
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 506

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Book Description
Sustainable Materials and Green Processing for Energy Conversion provides a concise reference on green processing and synthesis of materials required for the next generation of devices used in renewable energy conversion and storage. The book covers the processing of bio-organic materials, environmentally-friendly organic and inorganic sources of materials, synthetic green chemistry, bioresorbable and transient properties of functional materials, and the concept of sustainable material design. The book features chapters by worldwide experts and is an important reference for students, researchers, and engineers interested in gaining extensive knowledge concerning green processing of sustainable, green functional materials for next generation energy devices. Additionally, functional materials used in energy devices must also be able to degrade and decompose with minimum energy after being disposed of at their end-of-life. Environmental pollution is one of the global crises that endangers the life cycles of living things. There are multiple root causes of this pollution, including industrialization that demands a huge supply of raw materials for the production of products related to meeting the demands of the Internet-of-Things. As a result, improvement of material and product life cycles by incorporation of green, sustainable principles is essential to address this challenging issue. Offers a resourceful reference for readers interested in green processing of environmentally-friendly and sustainable materials for energy conversion and storage devices Focuses on designing of materials through green-processing concepts Highlights challenges and opportunities in green processing of renewable materials for energy devices

Author: Srabanti Ghosh
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527342931
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 624

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Book Description
A comprehensive and timely overview of this important and hot topic, with special emphasis placed on environmental applications and the potential for solar light harvesting. Following introductory chapters on environmental photocatalysis, water splitting, and applications in synthetic chemistry, further chapters focus on the synthesis and design of photocatalysts, solar energy conversion, and such environmental aspects as the removal of water pollutants, photocatalytic conversion of CO2. Besides metal oxide-based photocatalysts, the authors cover other relevant material classes including carbon-based nanomaterials and novel hybrid materials. Chapters on mechanistic aspects, computational modeling of photocatalysis and Challenges and perspectives of solar reactor design for industrial applications complete this unique survey of the subject. With its in-depth discussions ranging from a comprehensive understanding to the engineering of materials and applied devices, this is an invaluable resource for a range of disciplines.

Author: Jianmin Ma
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 352734859X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 596

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Book Description
Explore green catalytic reactions with this reference from a renowned leader in the field Green reactions—like photo-, photoelectro-, and electro-catalytic reactions—offer viable technologies to solve difficult problems without significant damage to the environment. In particular, some gas-involved reactions are especially useful in the creation of liquid fuels and cost-effective products. In Photo- and Electro-Catalytic Processes: Water Splitting, N2 Fixing, CO2 Reduction, award-winning researcher Jianmin Ma delivers a comprehensive overview of photo-, electro-, and photoelectron-catalysts in a variety of processes, including O2 reduction, CO2 reduction, N2 reduction, H2 production, water oxidation, oxygen evolution, and hydrogen evolution. The book offers detailed information on the underlying mechanisms, costs, and synthetic methods of catalysts. Filled with authoritative and critical information on green catalytic processes that promise to answer many of our most pressing energy and environmental questions, this book also includes: Thorough introductions to electrocatalytic oxygen reduction and evolution reactions, as well as electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reactions Comprehensive explorations of electrocatalytic water splitting, CO2 reduction, and N2 reduction Practical discussions of photoelectrocatalytic H2 production, water splitting, and CO2 reduction In-depth examinations of photoelectrochemical oxygen evolution and nitrogen reduction Perfect for catalytic chemists and photochemists, Photo- and Electro-Catalytic Processes: Water Splitting, N2 Fixing, CO2 Reduction also belongs in the libraries of materials scientists and inorganic chemists seeking a one-stop resource on the novel aspects of photo-, electro-, and photoelectro-catalytic reactions.