El reto ético de la nueva cultura del agua PDF Download

Author: Pedro Arrojo
Publisher: Grupo Planeta (GBS)
ISBN: 9788449318573
Category : Political Science
Languages : es
Pages : 178

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Book Description
El presente libro desarrolla los nuevos enfoques éticos que se proponen desde el movimiento ciudadano por una Nueva Cultura del Agua, que fue capaz de movilizar a más de un millón de ciudadanos en España contra el Plan Hidrológico Nacional del anterior gobierno y que recientemente ha convergido con los activos movimientos latinoamericanos y prestigiosos sectores de la comunidad científica en el Primer Encuentro por la Nueva Cultura del Agua en América Latina. Durante los últimos quince años han crecido en todo el mundo activos movimientos sociales en torno a los muchos problemas que se vienen suscitando en materia de gestión de aguas. Hoy más de mil cien millones de personas no tienen garantizado el acceso a aguas potables, lo que motiva más de diez mil muertes al día, en su mayoría niños. Por otro lado, el modelo de desarrollo y de gestión de aguas vigente nos ha llevado a quebrar la salud y la sostenibilidad de ríos, lagos, humedales y acuíferos, abriendo perspectivas sombrías para las generaciones futuras. Las estrategias «de oferta» vigentes a lo largo del siglo XX, basadas en la construcción de grandes infraestructuras hidráulicas con una masiva subvención pública, han supuesto no sólo impactos ecológicos, en muchos casos irreversibles, sino también graves impactos sociales en la medida en que han motivado la expulsión de sus hogares de entre cuarenta y ochenta millones de personas por inundación de sus pueblos. Por otro lado, durante este tiempo el modelo neoliberal de globalización vigente viene generando fuertes presiones desde el Banco Mundial y la Organización Mundial del Comercio en pro de la mercantilización del agua como recurso y la privatización de los servicios de agua y saneamiento. Todo ello suscita hoy fuertes movimientos sociales, tanto contra el desarrollo de grandes presas y trasvases como contra estos procesos privatizadores, al tiempo que asistimos al desarrollo de nuevos enfoques de racionalidad hidrológica en coherencia con el paradigma de sostenibilidad. Estos movimientos, junto a un amplio y prestigioso sector de la comunidad científica vienen convergiendo, tanto en Europa como en América Latina, en torno al lema y la reivindicación de una Nueva Cultura del Agua que demanda, más allá de profundos cambios políticos, legales e institucionales, un nuevo enfoque cultural basado en principios éticos de equidad y sostenibilidad.

Author: Erik Swyngedouw
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262326965
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 321

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Book Description
An examination of the central role of water politics and engineering in Spain's modernization, illustrating water's part in forging, maintaining, and transforming social power. In this book, Erik Swyngedouw explores how water becomes part of the tumultuous processes of modernization and development. Using the experience of Spain as a lens to view the interplay of modernity and environmental transformation, Swyngedouw shows that every political project is also an environmental project. In 1898, Spain lost its last overseas colony, triggering a period of post-imperialist turmoil still referred to as El Disastre. Turning inward, the nation embarked on “regeneration” and modernization. Water played a central role in this; during a turbulent period from the twentieth century into the twenty-first—through the Franco years and into the new era of liberal democracy—Spain's waterscapes were completely transformed, with large-scale projects that ranged from dam construction to irrigation to desalinization. Swyngedouw describes the contested political-ecological process that marked this transformation, showing that the Spain's diverse and contested paths to modernization were predicated on particular trajectories of environmental transformation. After laying out his theoretical perspectives, Swyngedouw analyzes three periods of Spain's political-ecological modernization: the aspirations and stalled modernization of the early twentieth century; the accelerated efforts under the authoritarian Franco regime—which included six hundred dams, expanded hydroelectricity, and massive irrigation; and the changing hydro-social landscape under social democracy. Offering an innovative perspective on the relationship of nature and society, Liquid Power illuminates the political nature of nature.

Author: Rutgerd Boelens
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351973649
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 524

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Book Description
Bringing together a multidisciplinary set of scholars and diverse case studies from across the globe, this book explores the management, governance, and understandings around water, a key element in the assemblage of hydrosocial territories. Hydrosocial territories are spatial configurations of people, institutions, water flows, hydraulic technology and the biophysical environment that revolve around the control of water. Territorial politics finds expression in encounters of diverse actors with divergent spatial and political–geographical interests; as a result, water (in)justice and (in)equity are embedded in these socio-ecological contexts. The territory-building projections and strategies compete, superimpose and align to strengthen specific water-control claims of various interests. As a result, actors continuously recompose the territory’s hydraulic grid, cultural reference frames, and political–economic relationships. Using a political ecology focus, the different contributions to this book explore territorial struggles, demonstrating that these contestations are not merely skirmishes over natural resources, but battles over meaning, norms, knowledge, identity, authority and discourses. The articles in this book were originally published in the journal Water International.

Author: Leila M. Harris
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135125058
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 280

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Book Description
The litany of alarming observations about water use and misuse is now familiar—over a billion people without access to safe drinking water; almost every major river dammed and diverted; increasing conflicts over the delivery of water in urban areas; continuing threats to water quality from agricultural inputs and industrial wastes; and the increasing variability of climate, including threats of severe droughts and flooding across locales and regions. These issues present tremendous challenges for water governance. This book focuses on three major concepts and approaches that have gained currency in policy and governance circles, both globally and regionally—scarcity and crisis, marketization and privatization, and participation. It provides a historical and contextual overview of each of these ideas as they have emerged in global and regional policy and governance circles and pairs these with in-depth case studies that examine manifestations and contestations of water governance internationally. The book interrogates ideas of water crisis and scarcity in the context of bio-physical, political, social and environmental landscapes to better understand how ideas and practices linked to scarcity and crisis take hold, and become entrenched in policy and practice. The book also investigates ideas of marketization and privatization, increasingly prominent features of water governance throughout the global South, with particular attention to the varied implementation and effects of these governance practices. The final section of the volume analyzes participatory water governance, querying the disconnects between global discourses and local realities, particularly as they intersect with the other themes of interest to the volume. Promoting a view of changing water governance that links across these themes and in relation to contemporary realities, the book is invaluable for students, researchers, advocates, and policy makers interested in water governance challenges facing the developing world.

Author: Casey Walsh
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 0520965396
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 226

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Book Description
At free ebook version of this title is available through Luminos, University of California Press’s Open Access publishing program. Visit www.luminosoa.org to learn more. Virtuous Waters is a pathbreaking and innovative study of bathing, drinking and other everyday engagements with a wide range of waters across five centuries in Mexico. Casey Walsh uses political ecology to bring together an analysis of shifting scientific, religious and political understandings of waters and a material history of social formations, environments, and infrastructures. The book shows that while modern concepts and infrastructures have come to dominate both the hydrosphere and the scholarly literature on water, longstanding popular understandings and engagements with these heterogeneous liquids have been reproduced as part of the same process. Attention to these dynamics can help us comprehend and confront the water crisis that is coming to a head in the twenty-first century.

Author: Karen Bakker
Publisher: Cornell University Press
ISBN: 0801467004
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 324

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Book Description
Water supply privatization was emblematic of the neoliberal turn in development policy in the 1990s. Proponents argued that the private sector could provide better services at lower costs than governments; opponents questioned the risks involved in delegating control over a life-sustaining resource to for-profit companies. Private-sector activity was most concentrated—and contested—in large cities in developing countries, where the widespread lack of access to networked water supplies was characterized as a global crisis. In Privatizing Water, Karen Bakker focuses on three questions: Why did privatization emerge as a preferred alternative for managing urban water supply? Can privatization fulfill its proponents' expectations, particularly with respect to water supply to the urban poor? And, given the apparent shortcomings of both privatization and conventional approaches to government provision, what are the alternatives? In answering these questions, Bakker engages with broader debates over the role of the private sector in development, the role of urban communities in the provision of "public" services, and the governance of public goods. She introduces the concept of "governance failure" as a means of exploring the limitations facing both private companies and governments. Critically examining a range of issues—including the transnational struggle over the human right to water, the "commons" as a water-supply-management strategy, and the environmental dimensions of water privatization—Privatizing Water is a balanced exploration of a critical issue that affects billions of people around the world.

Author: Alberto Garrido
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135968888
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 341

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Book Description
Global change possesses serious challenges for water managers and scientists. In mountain areas, where water supplies for half of the world population originate, climate and hydrologic models are still subject to considerable uncertainty. And yet, critical decisions have to be taken to ensure adequate and safe water supplies to billions of people, millions of farmers and industries, without further deteriorating rivers and water bodies. While global warming is known to cause glaciers’ retreat and reduced snow packs around the world, it is not clear that mountain discharge will be lower. What is widely recognised is that water management must be adapted to accommodate significant regime changes. However, this inevitably involves managing transboundary rivers, adding further complexity to putting principles in practice. This book takes global warming and the importance of mountain areas in world water resources as the starting point. First, it provides detailed reviews of the processes going on in several rivers systems and world regions in Europe (Rhône and Ebro), North America (Canadian Rockies, Western US and Mexico), the Middle East (Jordan), Africa (Tunisia, Kenya and South Africa). These contexts provide case studies and examples that show the difficulties and potential for adaptation to global change. Land-use, economics, numerous modeling approaches are some of the cross-cutting issues covered in the chapters. The volume also includes the views of water practitioners, with two chapters authored by members of the US-Canada International Joint Commission, an industrialist from Western Canada and an environmental leader in Spain. By combining a rich set of contexts and approaches, the volume succeeds in offering a view of the global challenges faced by water agencies, international donors and researchers around the world. A case is made in some chapters to seek adaptive strategies rather than trying to reduce or control resources variability. This requires factoring in land-use, social and economic aspects, especially in developing countries. Another conclusion is that complex problems can and must be posed and negotiated with the help of models, mapping techniques and science-based facts. However complex these may be, there are ways to translate them to easily interpretable and visualisations of alternative scenarios and courses of action. This book provides numerous examples of the potential of such approaches to draft environmental programmes solve transboundary disputes and reduce the economic consequences of droughts and climate instability.

Author: Rupert D. V. Glasgow
Publisher: R.D.V. Glasgow
ISBN: 0956159508
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 378

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Book Description
Water is commonly taken for granted and treated with contempt, yet it is the very foundation of human existence. Assuming countless forms, it is deeply associated both with life and death, body and soul, purity and pollution, creation and destruction. "The Concept of Water" seeks to bring together the various aspects of our deeply ambiguous relationship with water, providing a systematic account of its symbolic and philosophical significance. This involves looking at how water has been conceived and the role it has played in everyday thought, mythology, literature, religion, philosophy, politics and science, both across cultures and through history. R. D. V. Glasgow was born in Sheffield and currently lives in Zaragoza. His previous books are "Madness, Masks and Laughter" (1995), "Split Down the Sides" (1997), and "The Comedy of Mind" (1999).

Author: Jaume Franquesa Bartolome
Publisher: Indiana University Press
ISBN: 0253033764
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 287

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Book Description
Wind energy is often portrayed as a panacea for the environmental and political ills brought on by an overreliance on fossil fuels, but this characterization may ignore the impact wind farms have on the regions that host them. Power Struggles investigates the uneven allocation of risks and benefits in the relationship between the regions that produce this energy and those that consume it. Jaume Franquesa considers Spain, a country where wind now constitutes the main source of energy production. In particular, he looks at the Southern Catalonia region, which has traditionally been a source of energy production through nuclear reactors, dams, oil refineries, and gas and electrical lines. Despite providing energy that runs the country, the region is still forced to the political and economic periphery as the power they produce is controlled by centralized, international Spanish corporations. Local resistance to wind farm installation in Southern Catalonia relies on the notion of dignity: the ability to live within one's means and according to one's own decisions. Power Struggles shows how, without careful attention, renewable energy production can reinforce patterns of exploitation even as it promises a fair and hopeful future.

Author: S. Syngellakis
Publisher: WIT Press
ISBN: 1784662593
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 417

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Book Description
Presented at the 1st International Conference on Urban Growth and the Circular Economy that was held in Alicante, Spain the papers included in this book focus on the continuing and rapid growth of cities and their regions of influence and how that has led to the need to find new solutions which allow for promoting their sustainable development. The quest for the Sustainable City has until recently focused on the efficient use of resources with the application of technical advances giving rise to the definition of SMART Cities. The economic model emphasised however is still “linear” in the sense that the design and consumption follows the pattern of extraction of natural resources, manufacturing, product usage and waste disposal. The continuous growth of urban population has recently given rise to the emergence of a new model which responds better to the challenges of natural resource depletion as well as waste management. This model has been called the “circular economy”. The circular economy is a recent concept based on the reuse of what up to now has been considered wastes, reintroducing them into the productive cycle. The objective of the circular economy is to reduce consumption and achieve savings in terms of raw materials, water and energy, thus contributing to the preservation of resources in order to reach sustainable development. One of the most important of these resources is water which is becoming a scarce commodity in an ever expanding world whose population demands a better standard of living. Water is required for agricultural purposes as well as by industry, in addition to its use by the general population. The recycling of water is an essential component of the circular economy. There is no possibility for the success of a long term economic policy without addressing the problems of natural resources and environmental pollution, which will affect the reuse of materials and products. The current market economy based on a linear model from resource extraction, manufacturing, consumption and waste disposal, has not proved a long term suitable solution, in spite of the substantial efforts made in reducing its environmental impacts. This is largely due to the continuous population growth, in a society that demands high standards of living, thus requiring an ever increasing share of natural resources.