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Book Description
Introduction. La couverture vaccinale vis-à-vis de la rougeole stagne et est insuffisante en France et dans le monde, ce qui a permis sa réémergence actuellement observée. L'essor d'Internet a engendré une plus grande diffusion d'idées anti-vaccination et majoré l'hésitation vaccinale. Mais les nouvelles technologies pourraient aussi permettre le développement d'outils d'information et d'aide-mémoire sur la vaccination. Méthodes. Une étude épidémiologique évaluative longitudinale, non randomisée, prospective, avait pour objectif d'évaluer l'impact d'une campagne d'information par courriel quant à l'amélioration de la couverture vaccinale ROR dans la Loire. Un courriel a été envoyé par la CPAM de la Loire entre octobre 2015 et septembre 2016 aux parents d'enfants de 13 mois vivant dans le département (groupe action). Six mois plus tard, les données ont été récupérées auprès des pharmacies pour comptabiliser l'achat des doses vaccinales du groupe ayant reçu le courriel et celui du groupe contrôle (n'ayant pas reçu de courriel). Résultats. L'étude a inclus tous les enfants du département de cette classe d'âge, soit 9 233 enfants. Le taux de vaccination dans le groupe intervention était de 86.6 % alors qu'il n'était que de 83.5 % dans le groupe témoin, soit une majoration de 3.1 %. Conclusion. L'envoi d'un courriel aide-mémoire aux parents d'enfants en âge d'être vaccinés par le ROR est associé à une meilleure couverture vaccinale. Cet effet pourrait être amélioré en le combinant à un outil numérique d'aide à la décision.
Book Description
Introduction. La couverture vaccinale vis-à-vis de la rougeole stagne et est insuffisante en France et dans le monde, ce qui a permis sa réémergence actuellement observée. L'essor d'Internet a engendré une plus grande diffusion d'idées anti-vaccination et majoré l'hésitation vaccinale. Mais les nouvelles technologies pourraient aussi permettre le développement d'outils d'information et d'aide-mémoire sur la vaccination. Méthodes. Une étude épidémiologique évaluative longitudinale, non randomisée, prospective, avait pour objectif d'évaluer l'impact d'une campagne d'information par courriel quant à l'amélioration de la couverture vaccinale ROR dans la Loire. Un courriel a été envoyé par la CPAM de la Loire entre octobre 2015 et septembre 2016 aux parents d'enfants de 13 mois vivant dans le département (groupe action). Six mois plus tard, les données ont été récupérées auprès des pharmacies pour comptabiliser l'achat des doses vaccinales du groupe ayant reçu le courriel et celui du groupe contrôle (n'ayant pas reçu de courriel). Résultats. L'étude a inclus tous les enfants du département de cette classe d'âge, soit 9 233 enfants. Le taux de vaccination dans le groupe intervention était de 86.6 % alors qu'il n'était que de 83.5 % dans le groupe témoin, soit une majoration de 3.1 %. Conclusion. L'envoi d'un courriel aide-mémoire aux parents d'enfants en âge d'être vaccinés par le ROR est associé à une meilleure couverture vaccinale. Cet effet pourrait être amélioré en le combinant à un outil numérique d'aide à la décision.
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN: 9251312362 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 166
Book Description
The 2018 FAO-OIE-WHO (Tripartite) zoonoses guide, “Taking A Multisectoral, One Health Approach: A Tripartite Guide to Addressing Zoonotic Diseases in Countries” (2018 TZG) is being jointly developed to provide member countries with practical guidance on OH approaches to build national mechanisms for multisectoral coordination, communication, and collaboration to address zoonotic disease threats at the animal-human-environment interface. The 2018 TZG updates and expands on the guidance in the one previous jointly-developed, zoonoses-specific guidance document: the 2008 Tripartite “Zoonotic Diseases: A Guide to Establishing Collaboration between Animal and Human Health Sectors at the Country Level”, developed in WHO South-East Asia Region and Western Pacific Region. The 2018 TZG supports building by countries of the resilience and capacity to address emerging and endemic zoonotic diseases such as avian influenza, rabies, Ebola, and Rift Valley fever, as well as food-borne diseases and antimicrobial resistance, and to minimize their impacts on health, livelihoods, and economies. It additionally supports country efforts to implement WHO International Health Regulations (2005) and OIE international standards, to address gaps identified through external and internal health system evaluations, and to achieve targets of the Sustainable Development Goals. The 2018 TZG provides relevant country ministries and agencies with lessons learned and good practices identified from country-level experiences in taking OH approaches for preparedness, prevention, detection and response to zoonotic disease threats, and provides guidance on multisectoral communication, coordination, and collaboration. It informs on regional and country-level OH activities and relevant unisectoral and multisectoral tools available for countries to use.
Author: Iain Morley Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 0521119901 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 287
Book Description
Explores the archaeological evidence for the development of measuring activities in numerous ancient societies and the implications of these discoveries.
Author: Hilary Koprowski Publisher: ISBN: Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 464
Book Description
Built upon the foundation of Paul de Kruif's Microbe Hunters, written in 1926, but differing in that the conquest unfolds through essays by today's scientists, this book not only relates the history, but also conveys the excitement felt by the individual researchers themselves. These dramatic stories, describing major accomplishments and future challenges in medical science, serve as a beacon to guide new recruits into the battle for control of microbial diseases and provide personal models for graduate and postdoctoral students currently in biomedical research. "There are some fine ingredients here, and it is good to have them together in a single volume embracing past achievements and current and emerging problems in the control of infectious diseases." Especially enjoyed Thomas Weller's account, complete with pages of laboratory notebook, of his isolation of the agent(s) of varicella and zoster. Bernard Dixon, British Medical Journal. "The authors, all distinguished and well-known scientists, recognize the difficult challenges that lie ahead, but in general hold an optimistic view of the outcome of future research." Microbe Hunters then and now is both interesting and enjoyable to read, a timely sequel to de Kruif's original book and a solid historical document written by the microbe hunters themselves. Abner L. Notkins, Nature Medicine. To order, call: (800) 500-8205 or write: MEDI-ED Press, #5 White Place, Bloomington, IL 61701.
Author: Fathia Mami-Chouaib Publisher: Frontiers Media SA ISBN: 2889459608 Category : Languages : en Pages : 183
Book Description
Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells play a major role in control of viral infections. Their involvement in cancer diseases has been more recently demonstrated. This non-circulating T-lymphocyte subset lacks molecules enabling egress from the tissue and migration to lymph nodes, expresses specific markers of residency and displays specific transcription factors. The present special issue elucidates our current knowledge on CD8+ TRM cells and explores less frequently described resident subsets, such as CD4+ TRM and innate-like cells, as well as their specific metabolism and niches for their formation in infectious and cancer diseases.
Author: World Health Organization Publisher: World Health Organization ISBN: 9241547006 Category : Health & Fitness Languages : en Pages : 284
Book Description
Most women who die from cervical cancer, particularly in developing countries, are in the prime of their life. They may be raising children, caring for their family, and contributing to the social and economic life of their town or village. Their death is both a personal tragedy, and a sad and unnecessary loss to their family and their community. Unnecessary, because there is compelling evidence, as this Guide makes clear, that cervical cancer is one of the most preventable and treatable forms of cancer, as long as it is detected early and managed effectively. Unfortunately, the majority of women in developing countries still do not have access to cervical cancer prevention programmes. The consequence is that, often, cervical cancer is not detected until it is too late to be cured. An urgent effort is required if this situation is to be corrected. This Guide is intended to help those responsible for providing services aimed at reducing the burden posed by cervical cancer for women, communities and health systems. It focuses on the knowledge and skills needed by health care providers, at different levels of care.
Author: Baruch S. Blumberg Publisher: Princeton University Press ISBN: 9780691116235 Category : Biography & Autobiography Languages : en Pages : 274
Book Description
About 375 million people are infected with the hepatitis B virus. It has killed more people than AIDS and also causes millions of cases of liver cancer. The discovery of this deadly virus and the vaccine against it--a vaccine that is sharply decreasing the infection rate worldwide and is probably the first effective cancer vaccine--was one of the great triumphs of twentieth-century medicine. And it almost didn't happen. With wit and insight, this scientific memoir and story of discovery describes how Baruch Blumberg and a team of researchers found a virus they were not looking for and created a vaccine for a disease they previously knew little about--work that took the author around the world and won him the Nobel Prize. Blumberg and his collaborators were investigating relationships between gene distribution and disease susceptibility, research that was yielding interesting data but no real breakthroughs. Many viewed their work as more field trip than science. But, through decades of hard work and investigative twists and turns, their pursuit led to the hepatitis B antigen, the elusive virus itself, and, ultimately, the vaccine. As he takes the reader through the detective work that culminated in his incredible discovery, the author recounts with immediacy exciting moments in the lab and in the field--from a hair-raising flight to Africa to an unpleasant encounter with Alaskan sled dogs. The hepatitis B story is more than a fascinating chronicle of a major discovery. What Blumberg followed to the virus was a trail of remarkable "accidents" that happen when scientists seek answers to interesting questions. Those events, combined with the investigator's determined persistence, resulted in studies that generated a pharmaceutical industry, have far-flung public-health applications, and saved millions of lives.
Author: Otaviano Canuto Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 0821397672 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 654
Book Description
With decentralization and urbanization, the debts of state and local governments and of quasi-public agencies have grown in importance. Rapid urbanization in developing countries requires large-scale infrastructure financing to help absorb influxes of rural populations. Borrowing enables state and local governments to capture the benefits of major capital investments immediately and to finance infrastructure more equitably across multiple generations of service users. With debt comes the risk of insolvency. Subnational debt crises have reoccurred in both developed and developing countries. Restructuring debt and ensuring its sustainability confront moral hazard and fiscal incentives in a multilevel government system; individual subnational governments might free-ride common resources, and public officials at all levels might shift the cost of excessive borrowing to future generations. This book brings together the reform experiences of emerging economies and developed countries. Written by leading practitioners and experts in public finance in the context of multilevel government systems, the book examines the interaction of markets, regulators, subnational borrowers, creditors, national governments, taxpayers, ex-ante rules, and ex-post insolvency systems in the quest for subnational fiscal discipline. Such a quest is intertwined with a country s historical, political, and economic context. The formal legal framework interacts with political reality to influence the dynamics of and incentives for reform. Often, the resolution of a subnational debt crisis unfolds in the context of macroeconomic stabilization and structural reforms. The book includes reforms that have not been covered by previous literature, such as those of China, Colombia, France, Hungary, Mexico, and South Africa. The book also presents a comprehensive review of how the United States developed its debt market for state and local governments, through a series of reforms that are path dependent, including the reforms and lessons learned following state defaults in the 1840s and the debates that shaped the enactment of Chapter 9 of the Bankruptcy Code in 1937. Looking forward, pressures on subnational finance are likely to continue from the fragility of global recovery, the potentially higher cost of capital, refinancing risks, and sovereign risks. This book is essential reading for anyone wanting to know the challenges and reform options in debt restructuring, insolvency frameworks, and public debt market development.
Author: Elodie Ruel
Author: Elodie Ruel
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Author: Iain Morley
Author: United States. Department of the Army
Author: Hilary Koprowski
Author: Fathia Mami-Chouaib
Author: Frédéric Angleviel
Author: World Health Organization
Author: Baruch S. Blumberg
Author: Otaviano Canuto