Effects of Noise from Ore Carrier Shipping on Narwhal (Monodon Monoceros) During the Open Water Season in the East Canadian Arctic PDF Download
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Author: Samuel Oliver Sweeney Publisher: ISBN: Category : Broadband communication systems Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Shipping is increasing in Arctic regions, exposing previously naïve marine mammal populations to underwater shipping-related noise. I assessed the impact of shipping on the acoustic habitat of narwhal (Monodon monoceros) and other local marine fauna. Broadband sound pressure levels (SPL; 10 Hz-25 kHz) under auditory weighing functions were compared between times of ship presence and absence using noise levels from passive acoustic recorders. Effects of ship presence and noise on narwhal behaviour were also analyzed. Broadband SPL were significantly reduced under narwhal hearing scenarios relative to unweighted levels. Narwhal perceived shipping noise at low levels and did not perceive increases until ships were within 5 km. No significant changes in narwhal behaviour were observed when only ships were present. Behavioural changes caused by other stressors were observed. Ship presence frequently occurred along with other stressors, limiting observations of behavior in the presence of ships. Continued monitoring is recommended.
Author: Samuel Oliver Sweeney Publisher: ISBN: Category : Broadband communication systems Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Shipping is increasing in Arctic regions, exposing previously naïve marine mammal populations to underwater shipping-related noise. I assessed the impact of shipping on the acoustic habitat of narwhal (Monodon monoceros) and other local marine fauna. Broadband sound pressure levels (SPL; 10 Hz-25 kHz) under auditory weighing functions were compared between times of ship presence and absence using noise levels from passive acoustic recorders. Effects of ship presence and noise on narwhal behaviour were also analyzed. Broadband SPL were significantly reduced under narwhal hearing scenarios relative to unweighted levels. Narwhal perceived shipping noise at low levels and did not perceive increases until ships were within 5 km. No significant changes in narwhal behaviour were observed when only ships were present. Behavioural changes caused by other stressors were observed. Ship presence frequently occurred along with other stressors, limiting observations of behavior in the presence of ships. Continued monitoring is recommended.
Author: L.G.L. Limited, Environmental Research Associates Publisher: ISBN: 9780662145790 Category : Marine mammals Languages : en Pages : 329
Book Description
Results of a three year study (1982, 1983 and 1984) of the effect of arctic shipping activities on beluga whales (white whales, delphinapterus leucas) and narwhals (Monodon monoceros) in the Canadian Arctic (Admiralty inlet and Lancaster sound, Northwest Territories).
Author: Steven H. Ferguson Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9048191211 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 313
Book Description
In Arctic Canada, Hudson Bay is a site of great exploration history, aboriginal culture, and a vast marine wilderness supporting large populations of marine mammals and birds. These include some of the most iconic Arctic animals like beluga, narwhal, bowhead whales, and polar bears. Due to the challenges of conducting field research in this region, some of the mysteries of where these animals move, and how they are able to survive in such seemingly inhospitable, ice-choked habitats are just now being unlocked. For example, are polar bears being replaced by killer whales? This new information could not be more salient, as the Hudson Bay Region is undergoing rapid environmental change due to global warming, as well as increased pressures from industrial development interests. A Little Less Arctic brings together some of the world’s leading Arctic scientists to present the current state of knowledge on the physical and biological characteristics of Hudson Bay.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309085365 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 221
Book Description
For the 119 species of marine mammals, as well as for some other aquatic animals, sound is the primary means of learning about the environment and of communicating, navigating, and foraging. The possibility that human-generated noise could harm marine mammals or significantly interfere with their normal activities is an issue of increasing concern. Noise and its potential impacts have been regulated since the passage of the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972. Public awareness of the issue escalated in 1990s when researchers began using high-intensity sound to measure ocean climate changes. More recently, the stranding of beaked whales in proximity to Navy sonar use has again put the issue in the spotlight. Ocean Noise and Marine Mammals reviews sources of noise in the ocean environment, what is known of the responses of marine mammals to acoustic disturbance, and what models exist for describing ocean noise and marine mammal responses. Recommendations are made for future data gathering efforts, studies of marine mammal behavior and physiology, and modeling efforts necessary to determine what the long- and short-term impacts of ocean noise on marine mammals.
Author: Krista Kenyon Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Climate change is reducing the Arctic sea ice concentration and extent and it has been thought that narwhal will be poorly able to adjust. The goal of this thesis was to (a) analyzing narwhal year-round movement, and to (b) examine winter habitat selection in relation to sea ice and bathymetry. Narwhal from Admiralty Inlet and Eclipse Sound were equipped with satellite transmitters between 2009 and 2012. Narwhal conducted multiple late-summer movement patterns with three stocks overlapping, had a delayed fall migration compared to a tagging studies a decade earlier, and had decreased summer site fidelity. During the winter narwhal selected 1500 to 2000 m depths, which likely have higher prey densities, regardless of the mobile pack ice structure. They also conducted extensive movements coinciding with a delayed growth in sea ice extent. These results indicate that narwhal may be more able to adjust to habitat changes than previously believed.
Author: Zuzanna Kochanowicz Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Climate change has influenced decreases in sea ice extent and thickness in the Arctic and facilitated a subsequent increase in marine traffic across the Canadian Arctic. Tallurutiup Imanga (TI), a unique National Marine Conservation Area (NMCA) which is home to rich wildlife and culture, is located in the heart of the Northwest Passage in the Canadian Arctic and has experienced some of the most rapid increases in vessel traffic in the region over the past two decades. Increases in ship traffic in this fragile and important region have the potential to negatively impact marine mammals that inhabit the area, which was the impetus for protected areas status in the first place. The focus of this thesis research was to examine the potential impacts of underwater noise from ships on marine mammals in the Tallurutiup Imanga NMCA. The approach taken involved: 1) examining historic spatial and temporal vessel traffic trends in the area of interest from 1990 to 2018, using the Canadian Coast Guard ship archive data for the Northern Canada Vessel Traffic Service (NORDREG) Zone, 2) conducting an in-depth analysis of recent traffic trends (2015-18) using spatially precise Automatic Identification System (AIS) vessel traffic data, 3) creating underwater noise profiles using in an acoustic model to produce received level values cumulatively for all vessels and also for all vessels within a single class, 4) identifying behavioural disturbance events as 500 metre cells where the received level was equal to 120 dB, which is the behavioural disturbance threshold for marine mammals defined National Ocean and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and 5) overlaying acoustic model outputs with important areas for marine mammals to understand the spatial extent of ship-source underwater noise impacts in TI. Study results revealed that vessel traffic in Tallurutiup Imanga has almost tripled over the past 29 years with bulk carriers and passenger ships travelling the most in 2018. In the most recent years of the study period there were also spikes in vessel traffic; 2018 saw nearly a doubling of bulk carrier traffic to Baffinland Iron Ore Mines Corporation's Mary River Mine site on Baffin Island. From the years 2015 to 2018, there were certain areas where behavioural disturbance events overlapped beluga and narwhal core use areas (50 Percent Volume Contours), as well as observed wildlife areas (based on Inuit and local knowledge). Some areas like Eclipse Sound and Milne Inlet had an increased risk of behavioural disturbance events, especially with cargo vessels and passenger ships. These areas indicated a potential for negative impacts on marine mammals, and areas that have more disturbance events have a higher chance of being affected. The aim of this research was to inform our understanding of potential underwater noise risks to marine mammal, and to support ongoing environmental management and governance efforts that could be used to provide evidence-based decision making for future mitigation of the NMCA.
Author: David E. Sergeant Publisher: Minister of Indian and Northern Affairs ISBN: Category : Aquatic mammals Languages : en Pages : 6
Book Description
Studies on the narwhal, Monodon monoceros, in Lancaster Sound in 1976 indicated a defined migration along the north coast of Bylot Island in late June through July. Part of a larger study on the distribution, members and biology of Cetacea entering the Lancaster Sound complex in the summer open water season to determination possible effects of constructing a pipeline across Barrow Strait.
Author: Samuel Oliver Sweeney
Author: Samuel Oliver Sweeney
Author: Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat
Author: William John Richardson
Author: L.G.L. Limited, Environmental Research Associates
Author: Steven H. Ferguson
Author: National Research Council
Author: Krista Kenyon
Author: Zuzanna Kochanowicz
Author: 
Author: David E. Sergeant