Author: Winyoo ChowanadisaiPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 296
Book Description
Effects of Maternal Zinc Deficiency on Maternal Plasma Prolactin, Neonatal Brain Zinc Uptake, and Neonatal Brain NMDA Receptor Expression in a Rat Model
Author: Winyoo ChowanadisaiDissertation Abstracts International
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 858
Book Description
Effects of Maternal Marginal Zinc Deficiency on Myelination in the Suckling Rat and Infant Rhesus Monkey
Author: Hueyjiuan LiuPrimary and Secondary Zinc Deficiency During Pregnancy in Rats
Author: Johnathan R. NuttallPublisher:
ISBN: 9781369202861
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
This dissertation used a rat model to investigate the mechanisms behind the effects of primary and secondary zinc deficiency during pregnancy. The first chapter reviewed previous research that led to the hypothesis that marginal zinc deficiency disrupts ERK1/2 signaling leading to an impairment of fetal brain development. The second chapter used a rat model together with cell culture experiments to test the hypothesis that disruption of ERK signaling resulting from zinc deficiency leads to decreased neural progenitor cell proliferation. Results of this study suggested that zinc deficiency impaired the ERK1/2 signaling pathway leading to a decreased rate of neural progenitor cell proliferation through a mechanism involving activation of the ERK- directed phosphatase PP2A. Chapter three investigated the hypothesis that disruption of ERK1/2 signaling and NPC proliferation resulting from marginal zinc deficiency disrupts neurogenesis in the frontal cortex of the fetal rat brain. Results from this study suggest that disruption of ERK signaling resulting from marginal zinc deficiency led to an impairment of fetal neurogenesis. Disruption of fetal neurogenesis following marginal zinc deficiency during pregnancy resulted in decreased neuronal density in the mature frontal cortex of the rat brain following postnatal repletion with adequate zinc levels. Therefore, cortical malformations resulting from marginal zinc deficiency may contribute to the persistent effects on behavior following repletion with adequate dietary zinc levels. The fourth chapter covers previous literature on primary and secondary zinc deficiency during pregnancy. While preterm birth was identified as a major obstetric complication resulting from primary zinc deficiency, exposure to toxicants that induce secondary zinc deficiency during pregnancy was identified as a risk factor for preterm birth. In particular, maternal exposure to the endocrine disrupting phthalate plasticizer DEHP was highlighted as a risk factor for preterm birth that may act at least in part through the mechanism of a hepatic acute-phase response leading to secondary zinc deficiency. The fifth chapter investigated the interaction between maternal exposure to DEHP and marginal zinc deficiency to affect the hepatic acute-phase response, zinc homeostasis, and steroid hormone metabolism. Maternal DEHP exposure decreased maternal weight gain and led to zinc accumulation in liver of dams fed a diet containing an adequate level of zinc and this was associated with a hepatic acute-phase response. DEHP and marginal zinc deficiency caused several adverse effects on the maternal and fetal steroid profiles. There were interactions between DEHP exposure and marginal zinc nutrition, as well as effects specifically related to DEHP or marginal zinc deficiency. Together these studies stress the importance of adequate dietary zinc intake during pregnancy to support development of the nervous and endocrine systems.
Cumulated Index Medicus
Author: Tolerable upper intake levels for vitamins and minerals
Author: European Commission. Scientific Committee on FoodPublisher:
ISBN: 9789291990146
Category : Dietary supplements
Languages : en
Pages : 478
Book Description
Chemical Abstracts
Author: Magnesium in the Central Nervous System
Author: Robert VinkPublisher: University of Adelaide Press
ISBN: 0987073052
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 354
Book Description
The brain is the most complex organ in our body. Indeed, it is perhaps the most complex structure we have ever encountered in nature. Both structurally and functionally, there are many peculiarities that differentiate the brain from all other organs. The brain is our connection to the world around us and by governing nervous system and higher function, any disturbance induces severe neurological and psychiatric disorders that can have a devastating effect on quality of life. Our understanding of the physiology and biochemistry of the brain has improved dramatically in the last two decades. In particular, the critical role of cations, including magnesium, has become evident, even if incompletely understood at a mechanistic level. The exact role and regulation of magnesium, in particular, remains elusive, largely because intracellular levels are so difficult to routinely quantify. Nonetheless, the importance of magnesium to normal central nervous system activity is self-evident given the complicated homeostatic mechanisms that maintain the concentration of this cation within strict limits essential for normal physiology and metabolism. There is also considerable accumulating evidence to suggest alterations to some brain functions in both normal and pathological conditions may be linked to alterations in local magnesium concentration. This book, containing chapters written by some of the foremost experts in the field of magnesium research, brings together the latest in experimental and clinical magnesium research as it relates to the central nervous system. It offers a complete and updated view of magnesiums involvement in central nervous system function and in so doing, brings together two main pillars of contemporary neuroscience research, namely providing an explanation for the molecular mechanisms involved in brain function, and emphasizing the connections between the molecular changes and behavior. It is the untiring efforts of those magnesium researchers who have dedicated their lives to unraveling the mysteries of magnesiums role in biological systems that has inspired the collation of this volume of work.
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