Effects of Limiting Water on Water Use, Growth and Yield of Alfalfa Grown in the Big Horn Basin of Wyoming PDF Download
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Author: Caleb Michael Carter Publisher: ISBN: 9781303657153 Category : Agronomy Languages : en Pages : 102
Book Description
An alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) field study was established in 2011 at the University of Wyoming Research and Extension Center in Powell, WY. The objectives of the study were to determine: a) the daily and seasonal water use and the water use efficiency (WUE) of alfalfa grown under different irrigation regimes, b) the yield and quality response of alfalfa to limiting water, and c) to provide irrigation recommendations to Wyoming producers. The experiment was a strip plot with four irrigation treatments, including fully irrigated and 75%, 50% and 25% of fully irrigated, and three alfalfa cultivars with four replicates, including the cultivars Shaw, Mountaineer and Lander. Samples for growth analysis were obtained in an area of one m2 . Reference evapotranspiration (ET[subscript]o ) and crop coefficients (K[subscript]c) values were used to estimate the irrigation water amounts. A neutron probe, to a depth of 100 cm, was used to monitor soil moisture for water balance estimations based on the principles of conservation of mass. The WUE was estimated as the ratio of yield to crop evapotranspiration (ET [subscript]c ). Significant differences (P
Author: Caleb Michael Carter Publisher: ISBN: 9781303657153 Category : Agronomy Languages : en Pages : 102
Book Description
An alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) field study was established in 2011 at the University of Wyoming Research and Extension Center in Powell, WY. The objectives of the study were to determine: a) the daily and seasonal water use and the water use efficiency (WUE) of alfalfa grown under different irrigation regimes, b) the yield and quality response of alfalfa to limiting water, and c) to provide irrigation recommendations to Wyoming producers. The experiment was a strip plot with four irrigation treatments, including fully irrigated and 75%, 50% and 25% of fully irrigated, and three alfalfa cultivars with four replicates, including the cultivars Shaw, Mountaineer and Lander. Samples for growth analysis were obtained in an area of one m2 . Reference evapotranspiration (ET[subscript]o ) and crop coefficients (K[subscript]c) values were used to estimate the irrigation water amounts. A neutron probe, to a depth of 100 cm, was used to monitor soil moisture for water balance estimations based on the principles of conservation of mass. The WUE was estimated as the ratio of yield to crop evapotranspiration (ET [subscript]c ). Significant differences (P
Author: Kaylin Paige Fink Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
With an annual production of 116 MMt, the U.S. accounts for 21% of the global alfalfa production. Still, a benchmark for alfalfa water use efficiency (WUE, kg aboveground dry matter per mm water supply) is unavailable, the magnitude of alfalfa yield gaps (YG) remains unknown, and information about management practices to close the yield gap are scarce. Thus, our objectives were to i) benchmark alfalfa WUE, ii) quantify YG in commercial alfalfa fields, iii) characterize current crop management practices adopted by alfalfa producers, and iv) identify management opportunities to improve alfalfa yield, WUE, and reduce YG using a data-rich approach. We conducted a systematic review of the scientific literature that resulted in a final database containing alfalfa forage yield and growing season evapotranspiration (ETa) for 195 treatment means across 24 manuscripts. The dataset was then used to fit a boundary function that resulted in a benchmark WUE of 33 kg ha−1 mm−1. We then collected field-level management information and associated weather, soil, and yield (Ya) data from 394 commercial rainfed alfalfa fields over four harvest years (2016-2019) by interviewing alfalfa growers in Kansas, which accounts for 5% of U.S. alfalfa production, for an assessment of on-farm yield, WUE, and YG. Actual yields in our dataset ranged from 0.9 to 22.4 Mg ha−1, averaging 8.9 Mg ha−1. Average YG against the benchmark WUE was 57% of the water-limited yield (Yw). Conditional inference tree analyses show limited room for improvement of alfalfa yields and WUE through management, as only row spacing, and phosphorus applications were significant managerial factors. To our knowledge, this is the first study in alfalfa WUE benchmark with detailed on-farm assessment of the alfalfa yield-limiting factors, which can serve as a guideline for future studies evaluating WUE and the YG in perennial crops. Our work originated the question of whether there are fewer opportunities to reduce YG of perennial crops through management as compared to annual crops, which could be the focus of future research.
Author: Caleb Michael Carter
Author: Caleb Michael Carter
Author: Rhys Tovey
Author: Theodore W. Sammis
Author: Brenton Scott Sharratt
Author: Samuel Fortier
Author: Max C. Fleischmann College of Agriculture. Agricultural Experiment Station
Author: Vincent Gutschick
Author: Vincent Gutschick
Author: Kaylin Paige Fink
Author: Mohamed Salih Ahmed Mohamed