Effects of Late Gestation Supplementation and Creep Feeding on Spring Calving Beef Cows in the Nebraska Sandhills PDF Download
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Author: Devin Lynn Broadhead Publisher: ISBN: Category : Beef cattle Languages : en Pages : 71
Book Description
The objectives of this research were to 1) evaluate the effects of late gestation supplementation, synchronization and creep feeding on cow and calf production traits 2) evaluate the pooled effects of 5 studies involving late gestation supplementation on cow and calf traits. Experiment 1 was a three year study conducted on 8 pastures at the Gudmundsen Sandhills Laboratory. Cows were assigned to 1 of 4 late-gestation supplementation treatments, postpartum progestin or control, and 1 of 2 creep feed treatments to make up a 4 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. Calves were followed through to slaughter. Experiment 2 involved 5 studies all conducted at the UNL Gudmundsen Sandhills Laboratory. Studies were pooled based on similar treatments of late gestation supplementation on dormant upland pasture or meadow and different weaning periods. Cow and calf data was analyzed for various traits. Within Experiment 1 all three levels of supplementation increased cow BW and BCS, while the non-supplemented decreased in both. Supplementation treatments did not affect reproductive efficiency such as calving date, calving rate, weaning rate or pregnancy rate. Synchronization had similar results as there were no effects on reproductive measures or calf BW. Supplementation to cows had no effect on calf production traits through slaughter. Creep feeding calves significantly increased calf BW at weaning, yield grade and 12th rib fat. However on a cost/ benefit analysis creep feeding under these conditions added no value on profitability. Different results were achieved with the larger data set of late gestation supplementation. The pooled analysis demonstrated significant effects from supplementation on cow pregnancy rate, adjusted calf BW at weaning but no effect on carcass characteristics. March systems had a higher average pair feed cost but lower cow replacement cost compared to May. The March calving system had higher average net returns based on 9 yrs of market data compared to a May calving system. These studies indicate the effect and importance of late gestation supplementation on cow and calf productivity in a spring calving herd. Cow-calf producers should carefully consider calving system utilization based on their unique production goals.
Author: Devin Lynn Broadhead Publisher: ISBN: Category : Beef cattle Languages : en Pages : 71
Book Description
The objectives of this research were to 1) evaluate the effects of late gestation supplementation, synchronization and creep feeding on cow and calf production traits 2) evaluate the pooled effects of 5 studies involving late gestation supplementation on cow and calf traits. Experiment 1 was a three year study conducted on 8 pastures at the Gudmundsen Sandhills Laboratory. Cows were assigned to 1 of 4 late-gestation supplementation treatments, postpartum progestin or control, and 1 of 2 creep feed treatments to make up a 4 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. Calves were followed through to slaughter. Experiment 2 involved 5 studies all conducted at the UNL Gudmundsen Sandhills Laboratory. Studies were pooled based on similar treatments of late gestation supplementation on dormant upland pasture or meadow and different weaning periods. Cow and calf data was analyzed for various traits. Within Experiment 1 all three levels of supplementation increased cow BW and BCS, while the non-supplemented decreased in both. Supplementation treatments did not affect reproductive efficiency such as calving date, calving rate, weaning rate or pregnancy rate. Synchronization had similar results as there were no effects on reproductive measures or calf BW. Supplementation to cows had no effect on calf production traits through slaughter. Creep feeding calves significantly increased calf BW at weaning, yield grade and 12th rib fat. However on a cost/ benefit analysis creep feeding under these conditions added no value on profitability. Different results were achieved with the larger data set of late gestation supplementation. The pooled analysis demonstrated significant effects from supplementation on cow pregnancy rate, adjusted calf BW at weaning but no effect on carcass characteristics. March systems had a higher average pair feed cost but lower cow replacement cost compared to May. The March calving system had higher average net returns based on 9 yrs of market data compared to a May calving system. These studies indicate the effect and importance of late gestation supplementation on cow and calf productivity in a spring calving herd. Cow-calf producers should carefully consider calving system utilization based on their unique production goals.
Author: Alicia Caitlin Lansford Publisher: ISBN: Category : Beef cattle Languages : en Pages : 214
Book Description
The objective of these 4 studies was to evaluate the effects of management decisions on reproductive performance of beef females. Experiment 1 evaluated the efficacy of a novel s.c. prostaglandin F2a injection on estrus synchronization and pregnancy success in yearling beef heifers. Heifers receiving a 2 mL s.c. injection of Lutalyse HighCon had similar estrus response and pregnancy rates compared to 5 mL Lutalyse i.m. within 2 different estrus synchronization programs. In experiment 2, May-calving heifers and primiparous cows were allotted to receive either no supplementation or supplement (0.45 or 0.91 kg/d per animal, heifers or primiparous cows, respectively) throughout the breeding season. Although supplementation increased BW, pregnancy rates were not impacted. In experiment 3, May-calving females were allotted to graze either sub-irrigated meadow or upland range throughout the breeding season. No differences in pregnancy rate were detected, despite differences in BW and BCS gain over the breeding season. Finally, experiment 4 examined the effects of varying levels of late gestation nutrition on dam and subsequent progeny performance. Multiparous, May-calving dams were allotted to graze either meadow or range forage and then to receive either no supplement or 0.45 kg/d per cow of a 33% CP supplement during late gestation. Prepartum meadow grazing tended to increase dam rebreed pregnancy rates. Heifer progeny had increased rebreed pregnancy rates as a primiparous cow, and steer progeny had increased marbling score if their dam grazed meadow. Dam supplementation increased BW of progeny over 2 generations. In summary, these experiments demonstrate the following findings: 1) a higher concentrate s.c. injection of prostaglandin F2a is effective in synchronizing estrus of beef heifers, 2) supplementation or differing forage type during the breeding season of a May-calving herd does not impact reproductive response, and 3) differences in late gestation nutrition of a May-calving herd results in altered progeny growth and performance.
Author: Nicole M. Woita Publisher: ISBN: Category : Beef cattle Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Young range beef cows consuming low-quality forage may result in an imbalance of energy and metabolizable protein, which can negatively affect the nutrient status of the cow and reproductive performance. In a 2-yr study conducted at Gudmundsen Sandhills Laboratory near Whitman, NE, 2- and 3-yr-old May-calving range cows (n = 181) grazing native range were individually supplemented daily with one of four supplements: 1) mineral with a target intake of 113 g/d (MIN), 2) MIN with 200 mg per head of Rumensin to with a target intake of 113 g/d (RUM), 3) MIN with a 226 g/d of high RUP sources with a target intake of 340 g/d (RUP), or 4) dried distiller grains at a rate of 907 g/d (DDG). Each year, supplementation started approximately 30 d before the breeding season and continued throughout the 45-d breeding season. Cow body weight (BW), body condition score (BCS), and blood samples were taken biweekly beginning 40 d postpartum and ending 125 d postpartum. Milk production was collected at approximately 60 d postpartum. Cow BW, BW change, and BCS were not different (P ≥ 0.29) between supplementation treatment. Pregnancy rates were 82, 83, 92, and 89% for MIN, RUM, RUP, and DDG fed cows, respectively (P = 0.76). Calf BW at birth, 60-d BW, and 205-d BW were not affected (P ≥ 0.19) by dam supplementation. Cows receiving DDG had increased (P = 0.05) circulating serum glucose concentrations compared to MIN, with no difference between RUM and RUP. Cows receiving DDG and RUP had increased (P = 0.01) circulating serum urea nitrogen concentrations. Postpartum supplements did not affect (P = 0.13) circulating serum non-esterified fatty acid concentration. Milk production was not affected (P ≥ 0.11) by postpartum supplements. The results from this study suggest that supplying RUP, energy, or ionophores did not increase cow BW or BCS but, cows were able to maintain these metrics. However, additional protein and energy tended to increase glucose and serum urea nitrogen. The number of years and cows in this study may not have been enough to find differences among supplementation strategies; however, additional years and data may change observed results in this study.
Author: Katlyn Nicole Niederecker Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 94
Book Description
A 2-yr experiment was conducted researching the impact of common lower Midwestern beef cattle winter forage systems on late gestation, spring-calving beef cows and their subsequent calves. We hypothesized that cows grazing stockpiled tall fescue (STF) during late gestation would have increased nutrient intake compared to cows fed summer-baled tall fescue hay (HAY), which would result in improved fetal growth and development, as well as subsequent calf performance and metabolic status. Overall, cows consuming HAY lost more BCS prepartum than cows consuming STF. In yr 2 HAY cows gained more BW prepartum than STF cows, but there was no difference between forage systems in yr 1. Calves born to cows consuming HAY weighed less at birth than calves born to STF cows, suggesting decreased fetal growth. Despite this, in yr 2 there were no differences in calf vigor measures at birth or in triiodothyronine, thyroxine, or cortisol concentrations at 48 h. Additionally, calves born to HAY cows tended to weigh less at d 80 than STF in yr 1, but in yr 2 there was no difference. During yr 1 blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was greater at 48 h for calves born to cows consuming STF and plasma glucose concentrations tended to be greater through weaning for STF calves. Despite this, impacts of late gestation maternal nutrition on calf amino acid concentrations at 48 h varied. In conclusion, grazing stockpiled tall fescue in late gestation appears to improve fetal growth and alter perinatal nutrient supply in calves.
Author: Natasha Moffitt-Hemmer Publisher: ISBN: Category : Cattle Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
In the Pacific Northwest, it is common for cow-calf producers to feed wheat straw, resulting in a low protein diet during late gestation. Supplementation during late gestation has the potential to counteract the low protein diets and improve carcass and growth traits of beef animals. Because of this, the following study evaluated the effects of late gestation supplementation of protein (85 % NRC metabolizable protein requirements=control or 108 % NRC metabolizable protein requirements =Supplemented) and calf breed (Angus or Wagyu) on progeny growth performance and carcass traits and how those traits influence economic returns (NRC, 2016). Angus cross bred cows (621 ± 73 kg) were bred to one of three sires, one Angus bull (n = 21 cows) and two Wagyu bulls (n = 21 cows). These cows were then randomly distributed to either the control group or supplemented for the last 90 days of pregnancy, with breed equalized. At the time of weaning, offspring were moved to the feedlot, managed together, and harvested at 576.5 ± 16.6 kg. Within the Wagyu progeny, the supplemented calves had increased 205 d adjusted weaning weights (P
Author: Rodrigo Da Silva Marques Publisher: ISBN: Category : Beef cattle Languages : en Pages : 99
Book Description
Two experiments evaluated nutritional management of late-gestating beef cows to enhance offspring productivity. The objective of experiment 1 was to evaluate the effects of organic and inorganic Cu, Mn, Zn, and Co supplementation to beef cows during late-gestation on performance and physiological responses of the offspring. The objective of experiment 2 was to evaluate the effects of rumen-protected essential fatty acid (EFA) supplementation to beef cows during the last trimester of gestation on performance and physiological responses of the offspring. In experiment 1, 84 multiparous, non-lactating, pregnant Angus × Hereford cows were ranked by pregnancy type (AI = 56 and natural service = 28), BW, and BCS, and allocated to 21 drylot pens at the end of their 2nd trimester of gestation (day 0). Pens were assigned to receive forage-based diets containing: 1) sulfate sources of Cu, Co, Mn, and Zn (INR), 2) an organic complexed source of Cu, Mn, Co, and Zn (AAC; Availa®4; Zinpro Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN), or 3) no supplemental Cu, Co, Mn, and Zn (CON). Diets were offered from day (d) 0 until calving and formulated to meet requirements for energy, protein, macrominerals, Se, I, and vitamins. The INR and AAC diets provided the same daily amount of Cu, Co, Mn, and Zn. Cow BW and BCS were recorded, and liver samples were collected on d -10 and 2 weeks (wk; d 75) before the calving season. Within 3 h after calving, calf BW was recorded, liver samples were collected, and the expelled placenta was retrieved (n = 47 placentas). Calves were weaned on d 283 of the experiment, preconditioned for 45 d (d 283 to 328), transferred to a growing lot on d 328, and moved to a finishing lot on d 440 where they remained until slaughter. Liver Co, Cu, and Zn concentrations on d 75 were greater (P ≤ 0.05) for INR and AAC compared with CON cows, whereas INR had reduced (P = 0.04) liver Co but greater (P = 0.03) liver Cu compared with AAC cows. In placental cotyledons, Co concentrations were greater (P ≤ 0.05) in AAC and INR compared with CON cows, whereas Cu concentrations were only increased (P = 0.05) in AAC compared with CON cows. Calves from INR and AAC had greater (P
Author: Katelyn Spence Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This study examined the impact of strategic supplementation of straw-based diets with an energy-protein supplement and previously established residual feed intake (RFI) classification on beef cow performance (body weight, condition, feed intake, reproductive performance) in mid to late gestation and pre-weaning calf performance. Nutritional management regimens included nutrient adequate and deficient diets, along with examining frequency of supplementation to correct nutrient deficient diets. RFI classification was used to measure feed efficiency. RFI classification changes between years, and second and third trimesters were evaluated to establish influence of nutritional management regimen. Blood parameters were evaluated to assess effects of strategic supplementation in late gestation. The overall objective of the study was to evaluate how supplementation of low quality feed stuffs affects cow performance. The overall goal was to reduce the cost of production in beef cow-calf operations, with the use of more feed efficient cows and low quality feed stuffs.
Author: Devin Lynn Broadhead
Author: Devin Lynn Broadhead
Author: Alicia Caitlin Lansford
Author: Nicole M. Woita
Author: H. Pang
Author: Katlyn Nicole Niederecker
Author: Natasha Moffitt-Hemmer
Author: Rodrigo Da Silva Marques
Author: Katelyn Spence
Author: 
Author: Dale W. Kastner