Effects of Human Disturbance on Physiology, Behavior, and Ornamentation in the Eastern Bluebird PDF Download
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Author: Lauren Marjorie Gillespie Publisher: ISBN: Category : Eastern bluebird Languages : en Pages : 203
Book Description
Overall, few studies have focused on anthropogenic disturbance on wildlife physiology. Research has typically focused on how environmentally contaminated areas or anthropogenic disturbance (e.g. noise, human activity) influences biodiversity, community structure and behavior of individual animals. However, understanding how disturbance influences some aspects of physiology can require sacrifice of the animal, prohibiting ecologically relevant measures of behavior and reproductive success. This research strives to examine covariation between testosterone (T) and corticosterone (CORT), plumage ornamentation, and behavior in two populations of eastern bluebirds (Sialia sialis) that differ in degree to which their habitat is modified by human activity. In this research I compare bluebirds breeding in a suburban golf course with those breeding at a rural site exposed to lower levels of human disturbance. I demonstrate that golf course females lay eggs later, produce smaller clutch sizes, and golf course pairs fledge fewer offspring. Males at the golf course population respond to live, conspecific intrusion with lower T levels and less aggression, and are more highly ornamented compared to a more rural population. Moreover, within the golf course site, but not the rural site, I found that males show an increase in T from nest building to incubation. Females at the golf course respond to live, conspecific intrusion with higher raw T and less aggression, and are more highly ornamented than the rural population. Females from both sites increase T and CORT from nest building incubation, however, aggression is not correlated with T. Results imply that golf course females cannot elevate T and display behavioral aggression. Lastly, golf course pairs take longer to complete nests and display increased nest attendance while golf course females only provision nestlings at significantly higher rates. Results here demonstrate support for the hypothesis that level of human disturbance subtly impacts behavior and physiology in bluebirds. This research adds to a growing body of literature stressing the importance of investigating physiological measures of disturbance in wild populations that are experiencing realistic selection pressures. --Page ii.
Author: Lauren Marjorie Gillespie Publisher: ISBN: Category : Eastern bluebird Languages : en Pages : 203
Book Description
Overall, few studies have focused on anthropogenic disturbance on wildlife physiology. Research has typically focused on how environmentally contaminated areas or anthropogenic disturbance (e.g. noise, human activity) influences biodiversity, community structure and behavior of individual animals. However, understanding how disturbance influences some aspects of physiology can require sacrifice of the animal, prohibiting ecologically relevant measures of behavior and reproductive success. This research strives to examine covariation between testosterone (T) and corticosterone (CORT), plumage ornamentation, and behavior in two populations of eastern bluebirds (Sialia sialis) that differ in degree to which their habitat is modified by human activity. In this research I compare bluebirds breeding in a suburban golf course with those breeding at a rural site exposed to lower levels of human disturbance. I demonstrate that golf course females lay eggs later, produce smaller clutch sizes, and golf course pairs fledge fewer offspring. Males at the golf course population respond to live, conspecific intrusion with lower T levels and less aggression, and are more highly ornamented compared to a more rural population. Moreover, within the golf course site, but not the rural site, I found that males show an increase in T from nest building to incubation. Females at the golf course respond to live, conspecific intrusion with higher raw T and less aggression, and are more highly ornamented than the rural population. Females from both sites increase T and CORT from nest building incubation, however, aggression is not correlated with T. Results imply that golf course females cannot elevate T and display behavioral aggression. Lastly, golf course pairs take longer to complete nests and display increased nest attendance while golf course females only provision nestlings at significantly higher rates. Results here demonstrate support for the hypothesis that level of human disturbance subtly impacts behavior and physiology in bluebirds. This research adds to a growing body of literature stressing the importance of investigating physiological measures of disturbance in wild populations that are experiencing realistic selection pressures. --Page ii.
Author: Charles F. Thompson Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1441964215 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 201
Book Description
Current Ornithology publishes authoritative, up-to-date, scholarly reviews of topics selected from the full range of current research in avian biology. Topics cover the spectrum from the molecular level of organization to population biology and community ecology. The series seeks especially to review (1) fields in which an abundant recent literature will benefit from synthesis and organization, or (2) newly emerging fields that are gaining recognition as the result of recent discoveries or shifts in perspective, or (3) fields in which students of vertebrates may benefit from comparisons of birds with other classes. All chapters are invited, and authors are chosen for their leadership in the subjects under review.
Author: Richard T. T. Forman Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1107199131 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 637
Book Description
A pioneering book highlighting the dynamic environmental dimensions of towns and villages and spatial connections with surrounding land.
Author: Dustin R. Rubenstein Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1108132634 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 479
Book Description
Darwin famously described special difficulties in explaining social evolution in insects. More than a century later, the evolution of sociality - defined broadly as cooperative group living - remains one of the most intriguing problems in biology. Providing a unique perspective on the study of social evolution, this volume synthesizes the features of animal social life across the principle taxonomic groups in which sociality has evolved. The chapters explore sociality in a range of species, from ants to primates, highlighting key natural and life history data and providing a comparative view across animal societies. In establishing a single framework for a common, trait-based approach towards social synthesis, this volume will enable graduate students and investigators new to the field to systematically compare taxonomic groups and reinvigorate comparative approaches to studying animal social evolution.
Author: Carl G. Jung Publisher: Bantam ISBN: 0307800555 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 433
Book Description
The landmark text about the inner workings of the unconscious mind—from the symbolism that unlocks the meaning of our dreams to their effect on our waking lives and artistic impulses—featuring more than a hundred images that break down Carl Jung’s revolutionary ideas “What emerges with great clarity from the book is that Jung has done immense service both to psychology as a science and to our general understanding of man in society.”—The Guardian “Our psyche is part of nature, and its enigma is limitless.” Since our inception, humanity has looked to dreams for guidance. But what are they? How can we understand them? And how can we use them to shape our lives? There is perhaps no one more equipped to answer these questions than the legendary psychologist Carl G. Jung. It is in his life’s work that the unconscious mind comes to be understood as an expansive, rich world just as vital and true a part of the mind as the conscious, and it is in our dreams—those personal, integral expressions of our deepest selves—that it communicates itself to us. A seminal text written explicitly for the general reader, Man and His Symbolsis a guide to understanding the symbols in our dreams and using that knowledge to build fuller, more receptive lives. Full of fascinating case studies and examples pulled from philosophy, history, myth, fairy tales, and more, this groundbreaking work—profusely illustrated with hundreds of visual examples—offers invaluable insight into the symbols we dream that demand understanding, why we seek meaning at all, and how these very symbols affect our lives. By illuminating the means to examine our prejudices, interpret psychological meanings, break free of our influences, and recenter our individuality, Man and His Symbols proves to be—decades after its conception—a revelatory, absorbing, and relevant experience.
Author: Mike Hansell Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 9781139429085 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 302
Book Description
Bird Nests and Construction Behaviour provides a broad view of our understanding of the biology of the nests, bowers and tools made by birds. It illustrates how, among vertebrates, the building abilities of birds are more impressive and consistent than for any other builders other than ourselves, yet birds seem to require no special equipment, and use quite uncomplicated behaviour. In doing so, the book raises general issues in the field of behavioural ecology including the costs of reproduction, sexual selection and the organisation and complexity of behaviour. Written for students and researchers of animal behaviour, behavioural ecology and ornithology, it will nevertheless make fascinating reading for architects and engineers interested in understanding how structures are created by animals.
Author: John M. Marzluff Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9780792374589 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 608
Book Description
The twenty-seven contributions authored by leaders in the fields of avian and urban ecology present a unique summary of current research on birds in settled environments ranging from wildlands to exurban, rural to urban.
Author: Lauren Marjorie Gillespie
Author: Lauren Marjorie Gillespie
Author: Caitlin Rebecca Kight
Author: Charles F. Thompson
Author: Richard T. T. Forman
Author: Dustin R. Rubenstein
Author: Carl G. Jung
Author: Mike Hansell
Author: Susan W. Vince
Author: John M. Marzluff
Author: John Muir