Author: Rebecca S. RussellPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 160
Book Description
Effects of Different Tillage Methods on Selected Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Their Imapct on Nitrification
Author: Rebecca S. RussellEffects Conservation Tillage On Ground Water Quality
Author: Terry J LoganPublisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351088521
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 399
Book Description
Nowadays the environmental sustainability of the cropping systems is increasingly requested by the consumers. Conventional tillage practices, totally turning over the soil between the vineyard rows, may cause erosion due to rain as well as structure destruction of the soil in the long term. Conservation tillage is a soil management technique, poorly widespread in Sardinia, allowing cover cropping between vineyard rows. Furthermore, this technique makes the canopy development control of herbage possible by cutting it up during specific phenological phases. Conservation tillage usually involves direct benefits to farmers such as increasing soil fertility as well as reductionof tillage costs, soil erosion and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the atmosphere. This long term trial, during at least five years aims to assess the conservation tillage impact on chemical-physical soil characteristics in comparison with traditional tillage by evaluating the change of organic matter, C.E.C. and availability of major plant nutrients in the soil and to estimate their probable rise. The field plots are located in a 35% slope condition vineyard, showing massive erosion problem and organic matter low content. A split/plot design with four replications was set up, with the comparison between conservation and traditional tillage apart as main plots. Moreover, the effects of two different irrigation levels were evaluated in the subplots of each main plot. At the beginning of the trial (2011) a pedological survey was made. Three soil profiles were described and sampled along the field slope and soil sampling in each plot were made both to characterize the soil and to find the zero point. The soil chemical and physical characteristics were monitored through a second soil sampling made at the end of 2013. Conservation tillage caused increasing organic matter content and C.E.C. values. As for major plant nutrients in soil, results were more uncertain. Grapevine yield and quality parameters did not show any negative effect when passing from conventional to conservation tillage techniques. The trial provided a preliminary positive evaluation of conservation tillage. However, more years are required to confirm this trend.
Tillage Systems in the Tropics
Author: R. LalPublisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9789251037768
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 228
Book Description
The objectives of this Bulletin are to collate up-to-date information on soil tillage requirements for soils in the tropics; to assess the impacts of different ways of tillage on soil, environment and crop productivity; and to outline criteria for developing environment-friendly and economically viable tillage techniques for sustainable use of soil and water resources
Effects of Conservation Tillage and Conventional Tillage on Selected Physical and Chemical Properties of a Blackland Praire Soil in Texas
Author: Welhelmus Isak Imanuel MellaPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Conservation tillage
Languages : en
Pages : 158
Book Description
Tillage Effects on Selected Soil Physical Properties
Author: Robert Lee HillSoil Tillage in Agroecosystems
Author: Adel El TitiPublisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 142004060X
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 384
Book Description
Soil tillage is, and will remain, the guiding component of soil management and consequently has far-reaching implications for agroecosystems. Understanding structures and functions of soil ecosystems under different tillage/no tillage practices is an essential requirement for any future farming concepts. Soil Tillage in Agroecosystems emphasizes th
Long-term Effects of Tillage Practices on Soil Physical, Chemical, and Biological Health, and Its Economic and Ecologic Implications
Author: Amanda WeidhunerPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 296
Book Description
Demands for sustainable crop production are increasing to cope with threats of climate change and diversity loss. Tillage is one of the main farming practices that could impact crop production, soil, and air quality. We utilized a long-term (>48-yr old) tillage trial to evaluate four tillage systems including: (i) moldboard plow (MP), (ii) chisel-disk (grower's current practice) (CD), (iii) alternate tillage [2-yr no-till (NT) and 1-yr MP; AT], and (iv) NT on corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.) grain production, nutrient removal and balances, soil physical, chemical, and biological properties, and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. We found that a switch from intensive tillage practices (CD and MP) to NT resulted in (i) similar corn and soybean grain yield, nutrient removal, and balances; (ii) increased soil aggregation and aggregate stability; (iii) increased soil organic carbon (C), active C, and aggregate associated C and nitrogen at 0-15 cm soil depth (iv) had consistence penetration resistance at the plow depth (30 cm depth), lower bulk density, higher soil porosity and available water capacity; (v) had lower soil NO3-N and TN, two-yr cumulative N2O-N emissions, and yield-scaled N2O-N (vi) greater soil ecosystem stability based on nematode community populations; (vii) increased earthworm abundance and biomass, diversity and species evenness, and percentage of epigeic ecotypes. Interestingly, NT did not influence soil C beyond topsoil indicating a limitation for NT to sequester C at deeper soil layers. These findings indicate improved soil in NT vs. other tillage practices provides C sequestration and reduced environmental footprints, without impacting grain yield while improving functional soil biology. Because the cost of NT operations are lower than other tillage practices, we concluded continuous NT could be a step towards sustainable crop production. To further improve the sustainability of crop production, other practices (e.g. cover cropping, crop diversification, soil amendments etc.) should be integrated into continuous NT practices.
Ecological Significance of the Interactions Among Clay Minerals, Organic Matter and Soil Biota
Author: A. ViolantePublisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 9780444510396
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 464
Book Description
Soil MineralOrganic MatterMicroorganism Interactions and Ecosystem Health presents up-to-date information on the dynamics, transformations and bioavailability of xenobiotics in soil and their impact on ecosystem health, the ecological significance of interactions of metals and metalloids with soil colloids, enzymes and microbial biomass and the role of minerals-organic matter - soil biota interactions in the restoration of perturbed ecosystems. The title comprises two volumes: Volume A: Dynamics, Mobility and Transformation of Pollutants and Nutrients. Volume B: Ecological Significance of the Interactions mong Clay Minerals, Organic Matter and Soil Biota. This title could serve as a basic reference for students, teachers, and researchers by providing in-depth knowledge of the current state of the art in a particular area of soil science.
Bibliography of Agriculture
Author: Environmental Protection Research Catalog: Indexes
Author: Smithsonian Science Information ExchangePublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Environmental health
Languages : en
Pages : 1478
Book Description