Effectiveness of Various Public Private Partnership Pavement Rehabilitation Treatments: A Big Data Informatics Survival Analysis of Pavement Service Life PDF Download

Author: Damien David
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 254

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Book Description
Past research efforts have used a wide variety of methodological approaches to analyze pavement performance indicators, pavement rehabilitation treatments, and pavement service life. Using big data informatics methods, the intent of this Thesis is to conduct a detailed, statistical assessment of pavement rehabilitation treatments by PPP type, by studying their performance in terms of pavement indicators (International Roughness Index, rutting depth, and Pavement Condition Rating) and in terms of extending pavement lives. In order to model and forecast pavement performance, a three-stage least squares (3SLS) approach is used. For the pavement service life, the elapsed time until the pavement crosses a threshold is investigated, using random parameters hazard-based duration models. The model estimation results show that several influential factors such as traffic characteristic, weather characteristics, pavement characteristics, and drainage condition, affect pavement performance and pavement service life; and these factors differ among pavement rehabilitation treatments and PPP types.

Author: Panagiotis Ch Anastasopoulos
Publisher: Purdue University Press
ISBN: 9781622600588
Category : Transportation
Languages : en
Pages : 244

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Book Description
The pavement analysis in this study considers various combinations of pavement rehabilitation treatments (two-course HMA overlay with or without surface milling, concrete pavement restoration, three-course HMA overlay with or without surface milling, three-course HMA overlay with crack and seat of PCC pavement and 3-R and 4-R overlay or replacement treatments). Six road functional classes (rural and urban of interstates, non-interstates of the NHS, and non-interstates non-NHS) are considered. This allows for estimation of the performance and service life of the pavement, corresponding to each treatment and road functional class.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pavements
Languages : en
Pages : 308

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Book Description
The continued preservation of ADOT's pavements becomes an ever- increasing issue as non-renewable resources such as mineral aggregate become more and more difficult to obtain. Historically, ADOT's design philosophies have resulted in strategies that consist primarily of mill and fill and overlay. These pavement strategies are designed for approximately a ten year life, at which time, another similar treatment would be performed. Proper design philosophies evaluate life cycle costs to select the best available design option. However, the life cycle cost consists of both the construction cost and the user cost incurred by the public through delay, etc. While construction costs are easily defined, user costs are very difficult to quantify and often times may actually exceed the actual cost of the facility being constructed. Since the user costs are not directly borne by the agency, it becomes somewhat of a philosophical discussion as to what user costs should be considered. In recent times, mineral aggregate sources have become increasingly more difficult to obtain in Arizona. However, our current design philosophies and economics requires needing new materials approximately every ten years. There is a need to consider reconstruction of significant roadways so that they can obtain design lives, perhaps as many as thirty to forty years before rehabilitation or reconstruction.

Author: Chaitanya Kumar Balla
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pavements
Languages : en
Pages : 81

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Book Description
Pavement management is a process that helps to maintain a pavement network in a safe and serviceable condition in a cost effective manner. A key component of an effective pavement management system is its ability to predict the remaining service life of pavements. Remaining service life of pavements can be predicted using the present pavement condition and the latest rehabilitation action performed on that particular pavement. Survival curves are often developed to obtain remaining service life of a pavement family. The objectives of this study are to determine the average service life of pavements and to predict their remaining service life. Remaining Service Life is defined as the projected number of years until rehabilitation is required. The pavement condition data in the form of Pavement Condition Rating (PCR) were used to develop Kaplan-Meier survival curves for different PCR thresholds. PCR 60 was considered as the terminal condition and the average service life of pavement network was calculated as the area under PCR 60 survival curve. Derived performance curves for all the survival probabilities were developed between pavement age and PCR using the Weibull approximation of the Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Derived performance curves were employed to determine the remaining service life of individual pavements based on current age and PCR. PCR curves were also developed for individual PCR thresholds between RSL and pavement age by using the Weibull approximation of the Kaplan-Meier survival curves to better understand the relationship between RSL, PCR and pavement age. Average service life of the pavement network and remaining service life of individual pavements obtained from this study can be used to assist in pavement rehabilitation decision making and budget allocation.

Author: Donald N. Geoffroy
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 116

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Book Description
This synthesis will be of interest to highway agency executive management including administrative, budget, and finance personnel; pavement design, construction, and maintenance engineers; and maintenance operations personnel, including supervisors and maintenance crew leaders. This synthesis describes the state of the practice with respect to setting a coherent strategy of cost-effective preventive maintenance for extending pavement life. This report of the Transportation Research Board describes the practices of state, local, and provincial transportation agencies that are attempting to minimize the life-cycle costs of pavements and are identifying, during the design of the pavement rehabilitation, reconstruction, or construction projects, the future preventive maintenance treatments and the timing and funding for those treatments. It includes a review of domestic literature and a survey of current practices in North America. The appendices include a primer on pavement design and construction, the benefits of preventive maintenance of pavements, a summary of the questionnaire data collected, a simulation of pavement management strategies, and an example process to demonstrate the cost- effectiveness of preventive maintenance.

Author: Prithvi S. Kandhal
Publisher: ASTM International
ISBN: 0803124929
Category : Asphalt concrete
Languages : en
Pages : 182

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Book Description
Papers from a December 1997 symposium detail innovative and effective strategies for rehabilitation and maintenance of existing highways. Primary topics addressed include pavement evaluation for rehabilitation and management, cold in-place recycling techniques for pavement rehabilitation, effectiven

Author: Gulfam Jannat
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pavements
Languages : en
Pages : 183

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Book Description
Pavement Maintenance and Rehabilitation (M&R) are the most critical and expensive components of infrastructure asset management. Increasing traffic load, climate change and resource limitations for road maintenance accelerate pavement deterioration and eventually increase the need for future maintenance treatments. Consequently, pavement management programs are increasingly complex. The complexities are attributed to the precise assessment process of the overall pavement condition, realistic distress prediction and identification of cost-effective M&R schedules. Cost-effective road M&R practices are only possible when the evaluation of pavement condition is precise, pavement deterioration models are accurate, and resources must also be available at the right time. In a Pavement Management System (PMS), feasible M&R treatments are identified at the end of each branch of the decision trees. The decision trees are based on empirical relationships of the pavement performance index. Moreover, the predicted improvements in pavement performance for any treatment are set based on engineering experiences. Furthermore, the remaining service life of the pavement is estimated from the predicted deterioration of the overall condition. The future deterioration of the overall condition is estimated based on the initial condition and by considering only the effect of age notwithstanding the effect of traffic or materials. In assessing the overall condition of the pavement, this research overcomes the limitations of engineering judgment by incorporating a Mechanistic-Empirical (M-E) approach and estimating the improvement in performance for specific treatment types. It also considers the effect of traffic and materials on pavement performance to precisely predict its future deterioration and subsequent remaining service life. The objective of this research is to develop cost-effective pavement M&R schedules by incorporating (a) the M-E approach into the overall condition index and (b) the estimate of performance indices by considering the factors affecting pavement performance. The research objective will be accomplished by (i) incorporating variability analysis of existing performance evaluation practices and maintenance decisions of pavement, (ii) investigating estimates of existing performance indices, (iii) incorporating the M-E approach: sensitivity analysis, prediction, comparison and verification, (iv) estimating the deterioration model based on traffic characteristics and material types, and (v) identifying cost-effective M&R treatment options through Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA). This study uses the pavement performance data of Ontario highways recorded in the Ministry of Transportation (MTO) pavement database. Precise assessment of pavement condition is a significant part in achieving the research goal. In a PMS, an accurate location reference system is necessary for managing pavement evaluations and maintenance. The length of the pavement section selected for evaluation may have a significant impact on the assessment irrespective of the type of performance indices. In Ontario, the highway section lengths range from 50m to 50,000m. For this reason, a variability in performance evaluation is investigated due to changes in section length. This study considers rut depth, Pavement Condition Index (PCI), and International Roughness Index (IRI) as performance indices. The distributions of these indices are compared by the following groupings of section lengths: 50m, 500m, 1,000m and 10,000m. The variations of performance assessments due to changing section lengths are investigated based on their impact on maintenance decisions. A Monte Carlo simulation is carried out by varying section lengths to estimate probabilities of maintenance work requirements. Results of such empirical investigations reveal that most of the longer sections are evaluated with low rut depth and the shorter sections are evaluated with high rut depth. This Monte Carlo simulation also reveals that 50m sections have a higher probability of maintenance requirements than 500m sections. The method of estimating performance indices is also investigated to identify the requirement of improvement in estimation of the prediction models. Generally, in a PMS, the prediction models of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are estimated by using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) approach. However, the OLS approach can be inefficient if unobserved factors influencing individual KPIs are correlated with each other. For this reason, regression models for KPI predictions are estimated by using an approach called the 'Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR)' method. The M-E approach is used in this study to predict the future distresses by employing mechanistic-empirical models to analyze the impact of traffic, climate, materials and pavement structure. The Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) software uses a three-level hierarchical input to predict performance in terms of IRI, permanent deformation (rut depth), total cracking (reflective and alligator), asphalt concrete (AC) thermal fracture, AC bottom-up fatigue cracking and AC top-down fatigue cracking. However, these inputs have different levels of accuracy, which may have a significant impact on performance prediction. It would be ineffective to put effort for obtaining accuracy at Level 1 for all inputs. For this reason, a sensitivity analysis is carried out based on an experimental design to identify the effect of the accuracy level of inputs on the distresses. Following this, a local sensitivity analysis is carried out to identify the main effect of input variables. Interaction effects are also analyzed based on a random combination of the inputs. Since the deterioration of pavement is affected by site-specific traffic, local climate and properties of materials, these variables are carefully considered during the development of the pavement deterioration model to assess overall pavement conditions. The prediction model is developed by using a regression approach considering distresses of the M-E approach. In this study, the deterioration model is estimated for three groups of Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) to recognize their individual impact along with properties of materials. The time required for maintenance is also estimated for these categories. The investigations reveal that the expected time to maintenance for overlay with Dense Friction Course (DFC) and Superpave mixes is higher than other Hot Laid (HL) asphalt layers. This will help pavement designers and managers to make informed decisions. The probability of failure is also investigated by a probabilistic approach. With the increasing trend towards M&R of existing pavements, it is essential to make cost-effective use of the M&R budget. As such, identification of associated cost-effective M&R treatments is not always simple in most PMS. For this reason, a LCCA is carried out for alternate pavement treatments using the deterioration model based on traffic levels and material types. Comparing the Net Present Worth (NPW) value of alternative treatment options reveals that the overlay of pavement with DFC is the most cost-effective choice in the case of higher AADT. On the other hand, overlay with Hot Laid-1 (HL-1) is a cost-effective treatment option for highway sections with lower AADT. Although the results are related to the Ontario highway system, this can also be applied elsewhere with similar conditions. The outcome of the empirical investigations will result in the adoption of efficient road M&R programs for highways based on realistic performance predictions, which have significant impact on infrastructure asset management.

Author: Jianxiong Yu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pavements
Languages : en
Pages : 200

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Book Description
Remaining service life estimation and pavement condition prediction are two essential functions of Pavement Management Systems. Survival curves are often developed to obtain remaining life of a pavement family at network level. Regression equations are often developed to predict future pavement condition at project level. The two objectives of this study are: (1) To develop the Cox Proportional Hazard model to analyze the effects of influential factors on pavement remaining life; (2) To develop linear mixed effects prediction model to improve the condition prediction accuracy for individual pavements. In this study, by specifying pavement condition rating (PCR) of 70 as the terminal pavement status, survival curves were developed based on historical PCR data using Cox Proportional Hazards method. Further, the estimated service lives of pavements were obtained from these survival curves. As an example, the survival data of asphalt overlays on flexible pavements in Ohio were analyzed for this study. The effects of influential factors such as structure thickness, climate, traffic loading, and pavement conditions prior to repair on pavement service life, were assessed. The results show that the Cox Proportional Hazards model is applicable in estimating the effects of influential factors on pavement service life. The service life obtained from this study can be used to assist in pavement rehabilitation decision-making, overlay design, and budget allocation. Condition prediction of individual pavement is usually required in project-level management and is often based on adjusting corresponding pavement family deterioration trend. This study proposes using the Linear Mixed Effects Model (LMEM) method to predict future conditions of a specific pavement section by a weighted combination of the deterioration trends of the family average and that of the specific pavement. The weights are determined by the number of historical condition measurements available and the variations of the measured historical conditions of the specific pavement. The results of the LMEM showed significantly better accuracy in predicting specific pavement conditions compared with two commonly used adjustment methods, which use the latest condition measurement to adjust family model for individual pavement. The findings in this study show that the LMEM is useful for project level pavement condition prediction.

Author: Gilbert Y. Baladi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pavements
Languages : en
Pages : 310

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pavements
Languages : en
Pages : 16

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Book Description