Author: G.A. RajaPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 165
Book Description
Effect of Soil Solarization and Weed Management Practices on Weed Emergence and Yield of Maize (Zea Mays L.)
Author: G.A. RajaEffect of Soil Solarization and Weed Management Practices on Weed Emergence and Yeild of Maize (Zea Mays L.)
Author: RAJA G. AInteractive Effect of Organi Manures and Soil Solarization on Weed Seed Survival Emergence of Weeds and on Growth and Productivity of Sweet Corn(Zea Mays L.) Cv. Sachharata)
Author: PRADEEP NImproving Weed Management and Crop Productivity in Maize Systems in Zimbabwe
Author: Arnold Bray MashingaidzePublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Corn
Languages : en
Pages : 216
Book Description
Span lang=EN-GB style='mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'It was concluded that cultural weed management techniques that enhance radiation capture by the crop were effective in suppressing weed growth and seed production and increasing crop yields and should be incorporated into smallholder farmer's production practices in a systematic manner as part of Integrated Weed Management and cropping system design.
Fundamentals of Weed Science
Author: Robert L ZimdahlPublisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0123978181
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 671
Book Description
This book addresses herbicides and their use as an important aspect of modern weed management and strives to place them in an ecological framework. Many weed scientists believe agriculture is a continuing struggle with weeds--without good weed control, good and profitable agriculture is impossible. Each agricultural discipline sees itself as central to agriculture's success and continued progress, and weed science is no exception. While not denying the importance of weed management to successful agriculture, this book places it in a larger ecological context. The roles of culture, economics, and politics in weed management are also discussed, enabling scientists and students to understand the larger effects on society. - Information on New herbicides included, along with the old herbicides that are important for understanding the history - New section on weed resistance to herbicides and genetic engineering - New information on invasive plants - Expanded chapters on Biological Control, Pesticide Legislation and Regulation, Weed Management Systems, and more - Instructor resources can be found at http://textbooks.elsevier.com/web/Login.aspx, and it is password protected. Please contact your sales representative at [email protected] for access to the instructor resources. The insturctor site consists of chapter questions, essay questions, an exam and images from the book
Assessment of Weed Control Methods for Maize Production by Emerging Farmers on Commercial Farms
Author: Garikai MaravaPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Corn
Languages : en
Pages : 188
Book Description
Maize (Zea mays L) is a staple food crop grown in South Africa by both large scale commercial and smallholder farmers. During the 2013/14 cropping season maize occupied about 2.6 million hectares of the total 3.9 million hectares of arable land that was under field crops in South Africa. Maize accounted for about 12.4 million tonnes of the 14.4 million tonnes of all field crops produced. Excessive competition from weeds is a major constraint, reducing maize yield and farmer income. Resource poor and inexperienced emerging farmers who have acquired land through the government land redistribution programmes are particularly affected. To date about 5.7 million hectares of land have been transferred to about 4.2 million black (previously disadvantaged) emerging farmers. Although emerging farmers have several options available for weed control, these still need to be appraised with regards to benefits, in the form of grain yield measured against the cost of weed management. An on-farm study was carried out at two sites in the North West province of South Africa during the 2011/12 and 2013/14 cropping seasons. The objectives were:- ? To determine the effect of different weed control methods on maize yields of emerging farmers at two localities in the North West province. ? To identify the most competitive or problematic weed species at two localities in the North West province. ? To compare the economic benefit of different weed control methods at the two localities. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot randomised block design. A stacked gene (stalk borer and herbicides resistance) and a conventional maize cultivar were planted in strips. Eight weed control methods that included hand-weeding, mechanical, chemical (herbicides) and combinations of these methods were randomly allocated across the strips. Weed species were counted and crop heights were recorded at three and eight weeks after crop emergence (WACE). Weed dry biomass was also determined. Grain yield and the yield components of ear mass and 100 kernels mass were recorded. A cost-benefit analysis of these weed control methods was carried out in the context of total production costs. The highest maize grain yields were obtained, where weed competitive effects were satisfactorily suppressed. The clean field and pre- and post-emergence herbicides methods produced the highest grain yields in the two seasons. In the first season the highest grain yields obtained were 73% higher than the lowest yield in no-weeding method for both cultivars. The second season was characterized by below average and erratic rainfall. The stacked gene cultivar outperformed the conventional cultivar by 63% where weeds were effectively controlled. Weed competition seemed to cancel the superiority of the stacked gene cultivar over the conventional cultivar in a drier season. The cost-benefit analysis revealed that a single cultivation operation at six WACE was the cheapest method, costing only R 495 ha-1 irrespective of the cultivar used. Keeping a clean field throughout the season was the most costly endeavour, at R 2 528 ha-1 and R 2 174 ha-1 for the conventional and the stacked gene cultivar respectively. The use of both pre- and post-emergence herbicides on stacked gene cultivars can provide farmers with a return of up to R 2.60 for every R 1 invested. Controlling weeds in a conventional maize cultivar, using tractor-drawn cultivator at six WACE, can give a return of up to R 1.64 for every R 1 invested. The weed control methods that provide the highest grain yields are not necessarily the most cost effective. It is preliminarily recommended that chemical weed control methods be considered if stacked gene cultivars are to be planted. However, mechanical weed control methods must be considered when planting conventional cultivars. The present study needs to be intensified, covering a wider geographical extent, to cater for variation that can be expected as a result of differences in climate, soil type and weed spectra.
Chemical Weed Management in Maize (Zea Mays L.) Under Conservation Agricultural Systems
Author: Akbar HossainPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Maize is a widely grown cereal after rice and wheat and contributes almost 5% to the global dietary supply. In the Eastern Gangetic Plains (EGP) including India, Bangladesh, and Nepal, maize is an emerging cash crop, because of its high yield potentiality and also the favorable climatic conditions which allow maize production round the year. In Bangladesh, area and production of maize are escalating due to the increasing demand for poultry, livestock, and fish feed, and fodder for animals and starch industries in the region. Presently, more than 90% of maize is planted by manual dibbling following 5,Äì6 intensive tillage, which increases the cost of cultivation. The conservation agricultural (CA)-based new agricultural practices could overcome those above challenges. CA is cost-effective and environmentally friendly; however, weeds are one of the key challenges in the system. The chapter described the uses of herbicides in different ways of combinations to make effective weed control in CA-based maize to achieve potential production and profits by reducing the intensive pressure of manual weeding. The efficient and right use of pre-plant/sowing, pre- and post-emergence herbicides and their combination may be the best way for effective control of weeds in maize production.
Agronomic Crops
Author: Mirza HasanuzzamanPublisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9813297832
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 659
Book Description
Agronomic crops have provided food, beverages, fodder, fuel, medicine and industrial raw materials since the beginning of human civilization. More recently, agronomic crops have been cultivated using scientific rather than traditional methods. However, in the current era of climate change, agronomic crops are suffering from different environmental stresses that result in substantial yield loss. To meet the food demands of the ever-increasing global population, new technologies and management practices are being adopted to boost yields and maintain productivity under both normal and adverse conditions. Further, in the context of sustainable agronomic crop production, scientists are adopting new approaches, such as varietal development, soil management, nutrient and water management, and pest management. Researchers have also made remarkable advances in developing stress tolerance in crops. However, the search for appropriate solutions for optimal production to meet the increasing food demand is still ongoing. Although there are several publications on the recent advances in these areas, there are few comprehensive resources available covering all of the recent topics. This timely book examines all aspects of production technologies, management practices and stress tolerance of agronomic crops.
Soil Solarization
Author: Jaacov KatanPublisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780849368684
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 286
Book Description
Soil Solarization describes the principles and technology of soil solarization and the use of soil solarization for different crops and cropping systems. The book evaluates and interprets the extensive amount of literature available on soil solarization in relation to climatic effects and changes in populations of soil-borne microorganisms and weeds. It also compares the advantages and disadvantages of soil solarization with other methods of soil disinfestation, such as soil steaming and fumigation. Soil Solarization explores the effects of soil solarization, covering such points as biological control, changes in soil chemistry involving mineral elements, as well as other changes, such as soil salinity and soil structure. It is suitable for solarizers, researchers working with soil-borne pathogens and soil microbiology, plant protection experts, and other plant researchers and extension specialists.
Weed and Nutrient Management Practices in Kharif Maize
Author: J. C. ShroffPublisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783659111860
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 204
Book Description
Maize (Zea mays L.) being native of Mexico is one of the oldest and most productive cereal food crop. It is the third most planted crop after wheat and rice. It is grown throughout the world for human and animal consumption. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations estimates the demand of maize for human and animal consumption will increase by nearly 300 million tons by 2030. Maize being a rainy season and widely spaced crop gets infested with variety of weeds and subjected to heavy weed competition. Rainy season (kharif) maize suffers heavy yield losses due to weed infestation owing to congenial environmental condition for luxurious weed growth coupled with wider row planting and slow growth at the early stage. Chemical and cultural methods of weed management play vital role in reducing weed infestation. Nutrient management is one of the most important agronomic factors that affect the yield of cereal crop. Most of the crops respond quickly to chemical fertilizers and give higher yield and maize is more responsive. Supplementing nitrogen through inorganic sources, helps in increasing the yield of this crop.