Author: Satya Pal GoelPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Effect of Soil Moisture Stress at Different Stages of Growth on Water Use, Growth, Yield and Quality of Wheat
Author: Satya Pal GoelEffect of Soil Moisture Stress at Different Physiological Growth Stages on Yield and Water Requirements of Triple Gene Dwarf Wheat (var: Heera).
Author: R. L. NayakEffect of Moisture Stress on Yield and Quality of Winter Wheat Seed
Author: Marcos Vinicius AssuncaoPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wheat
Languages : en
Pages : 216
Book Description
Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of moisture stress on physiological changes that occur during the vegetative and reproductive stages of the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plant, and to relate these effects to seed yield, quality and performance. In a field experiment, different levels of moisture stress were obtained by establishing plots in two rainfall areas, and by planting on three different dates in the dryland area. Seed development and maturation occurred under extreme moisture stress in Moro (254mm annual rainfall), while stress at Corvallis (1020 mm annual rainfall) was low. Plants from the early fall planting were subjected to the most stress because of the greater fall growth which removed much of the soil moisture. Lowest seed yields occurred under the greatest moisture stress conditions, primarily because of a reduced number of seeds per spike. Seed size was the quality component most affected by moisture stress. Smaller seed size was associated with lower soil water potential, higher leaf area index during vegetative growth, and higher specific leaf weight and water soluble carbohydrate content of the plants after anthesis. Water soluble carbohydrate content was particularly high in the rachises of the most severely stressed plants, indicating a reduced rate of translocation to the developing seeds. Embryo weight was also reduced in the more stressed plants in proportioa to the reduction in seed weight. The protein contents of seeds from all three moisture stress levels at Moro were similar. Seeds developed under the most severe water stress had the highest respiratory quotient and lowest glutamic acid decarboxylase activity. The growth rate of seedlings produced by these seeds was 29% lower than that from seeds from the less stressed plots. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to study the effects of water stress under controlled conditions. Plants were grown under three moisture regimes (600, 300 and 150 ml water/pot/day) from the time awns were first visible on the main stem until maturity. Water-stressed plants had smaller leaf area and leaf dry weight, higher specific leaf weight, earlier leaf senescence, lower dry weight, and lower seed yield. On the other hand, water-stressed plants produced larger seeds, with heavier embryos, higher protein content, lower CO2 evolution and lower respiratory quotient. These seeds in turn produced seedlings with greater vigor in terms of seedling growth rate. Because of the compensation ability of the wheat plant, development of management practices to decrease certain yield components in favor of enhanced seed quality is worthy of further study.
Deficit Irrigation for Wheat Cultivation Under Limited Water Supply Condition
Author: Hossain AliPublisher: Universal-Publishers
ISBN: 1599426862
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 196
Book Description
Vertical and horizontal expansion of irrigated agriculture to feed the increasing population has contributed to excessive groundwater withdrawal and affected the availability of water in terms of both quality and quantity. To sustain agricultural growth, strategic measures should be adopted to reduce water consumption while minimizing adverse effect on yield. The effect of deficit irrigation on wheat yield was studied in three consecutive years (2002-03 to 2004-05) in field and pot. Ten irrigation treatments were imposed in a randomized complete block (RCB) design covering full deficit, no deficit at all, single deficit at different stages, and alternate deficits. Water deficit was created by withholding irrigation at different growth stages. The results indicate that deficit irrigation strategies affected all aspects of plant growth (leaf area index, chlorophyll content, root growth, nutrient uptake, plant height) adversely. Yield attributes were affected by deficit irrigation treatments although they are not statistically significant in all cases. Differences in grain and straw yield among the partial- and no-deficit treatments were small, and statistically insignificant in most cases. When compared within single-deficit treatments, the grain yield reduction was in the order to water deficit at phases: CRI> maximum tillering > booting - heading >flowering- soft dough. The crop coefficient (kc) under different ET0 methods for early, crop development, middle, and late period ranged from 0.54 to 0.96, 0.95 to 1.36, 1.2 to 1.62, and 0.68 to 1.05, respectively. On average, yield response factor (ky) for early, maximum tillering, booting-heading, and flowering-soft dough stages was 0.27, 0.21, 0.25, and 0.17, respectively. The sensitivity index (?i, of Jensen model) for early, vegetative, booting-heading, and flowering-soft dough phases was 0.35, 0.22, 0.31, and 0.14, respectively. From the evaluation of yield, irrigation amount, irrigation water productivity, relative water savings, relative yield reduction, and maximum profit under limited water resource condition, it can be concluded that when limited quantities of water is available, preference should be given to irrigate first at CRI (if one irrigation is available), then at CRI and booting-heading (if two irrigations are available), and next at CRI, maximum tillering and booting-heading (if three irrigations are available) stages of growth.
Technical Bulletin
Author: Selected Irrigation Return Flow Quality Abstracts 1970-1971
Author: Gaylord V. SkogerboePublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Irrigation
Languages : en
Pages : 298
Book Description
Effects of Varying Soil-moisture Content on Certain Properties of the Soil and on the Growth of Wheat
Author: Franklin Stewart HarrisPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Plants
Languages : en
Pages : 312
Book Description
The Effects of Soil Moisture Stress at Different Stages of Development on the Grain Yield of Two New Zealand Wheat Varieties
Author: Aripen Bin AmpongPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Soil moisture
Languages : en
Pages : 138
Book Description
Crop Responses to Water at Different Stages of Growth
Author: Patrick Jeremy SalterPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Crop yields
Languages : en
Pages : 264
Book Description
Crops grown as annuals or biennials. Cereals. Annual leguminous crops. Annual fruit crops. Annual leaf crops. Miscellaneous seed, flower and fibre crops. Biennial field and vegetable crops. Tuber, bulb and corm crops. Fruit and other tree and bush crops - vegetative growth. Fruit and other tree and bush crops - root growth. Fruit and other and bush crops - flower-bud formation and development. Fruit and other tree and bush crops - fruit set and development. Fruit and other tree and bush crops - fruit yield. Fruit and other and bush crops - fruit quality and composition. Fruit and other tree and bush crops - disorders and diseases. Semi-woody and herbaceous perennials. Palm trees. Conclusions from work on perennial crops. Discussion.
Author: