Author: Stephanie Virginia Prado CarbonellPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biodiesel fuels
Languages : en
Pages : 103
Book Description
Effect of Oxygen Content on Soot Formation in a Co-flow Diffusion Flame Fueled with Canola Methyl Ester and Diesel
Author: Stephanie Virginia Prado CarbonellPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biodiesel fuels
Languages : en
Pages : 103
Book Description
The Effect of Aromatic Structure on Soot Formation in a Laminar Co-flow Diffusion Flame
Author: Carson Noel ChuPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
The current study presents an experimental approach to investigate the effect of the structure of aromatics on soot formation. Aromatics including 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene and n-propylbenzene were chosen as the fuels in this study. A small amount of naphthalene was added to the fuel to assess the effect of naphthalene addition on soot formation. Quantitative measurements including soot volume fraction, flame temperature, and soot primary particle diameter were obtained by the Laser-induced Incandescence and Spectral Soot Emission techniques. Despite having the same molecular mass, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene was found to be sootier than n-propylbenzene. On the other hand, the addition of naphthalene affected n-propylbenzene more than 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene on soot formation. A numerical modelling was also performed to obtain better insight of the fuel chemistry and it was shown that the models do not fully agree with the experimental results.
Hydrodynamic Effects on Soot Formation in Laminar Hydrocarbon-fueled Diffusion Flames
Author: Guozheng LinSoot Formation in Non-premixed Laminar Flames at Subcritical and Supercritical Pressures
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
An experimental study was conducted using axisymmetric co-flow laminar diffusion flames of methane-air, methane-oxygen and ethylene-air to examine the effect of pressure on soot formation and the structure of the temperature field. A liquid fuel burner was designed and built to observe the sooting behavior of methanol-air and n-heptane-air laminar diffusion flames at elevated pressures up to 50 atm. A non-intrusive, line-of-sight spectral soot emission (SSE) diagnostic technique was used to determine the temperature and the soot volume fraction of methane-air flames up to 60 atm, methane-oxygen flames up to 90 atm and ethylene-air flames up to 35 atm. The physical flame structure of the methane-air and methane-oxygen diffusion flames were characterized over the pressure range of 10 to 100 atm and up to 35 atm for ethylene-air flames. The flame height, marked by the visible soot radiation emission, remained relatively constant for methane-air and ethylene-air flames over their respected pressure ranges, while the visible flame height for the methane-oxygen flames was reduced by over 50 % between 10 and 100 atm. During methane-air experiments, observations of anomalous occurrence of liquid material formation at 60 atm and above were recorded. The maximum conversion of the carbon in the fuel to soot exhibited a strong power-law dependence on pressure. At pressures 10 to 30 atm, the pressure exponent is approximately 0.73 for methane-air flames. At higher pressures, between 30 and 60 atm, the pressure exponent is approximately 0.33. The maximum fuel carbon conversion to soot is 12.6 % at 60 atm. For methane-oxygen flames, the pressure exponent is approximately 1.2 for pressures between 10 and 40 atm. At pressures between 50 and 70 atm, the pressure exponent is about -3.8 and approximately -12 for 70 to 90 atm. The maximum fuel carbon conversion to soot is 2 % at 40 atm. For ethylene-air flames, the pressure exponent is approximately 1.4 between 10 and 30 atm. The maximu.
A Fundamental Study of Soot Formation in Diffusion Flames
Author: Richard L. AxelbaumSoot Formation in Non-premixed Laminar Flames at Subcritical and Supercritical Pressures
Author: Hyun Il JooPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
An experimental study was conducted using axisymmetric co-flow laminar diffusion flames of methane-air, methane-oxygen and ethylene-air to examine the effect of pressure on soot formation and the structure of the temperature field. A liquid fuel burner was designed and built to observe the sooting behavior of methanol-air and n-heptane-air laminar diffusion flames at elevated pressures up to 50 atm. A non-intrusive, line-of-sight spectral soot emission (SSE) diagnostic technique was used to determine the temperature and the soot volume fraction of methane-air flames up to 60 atm, methane-oxygen flames up to 90 atm and ethylene-air flames up to 35 atm. The physical flame structure of the methane-air and methane-oxygen diffusion flames were characterized over the pressure range of 10 to 100 atm and up to 35 atm for ethylene-air flames. The flame height, marked by the visible soot radiation emission, remained relatively constant for methane-air and ethylene-air flames over their respected pressure ranges, while the visible flame height for the methane-oxygen flames was reduced by over 50 % between 10 and 100 atm. During methane-air experiments, observations of anomalous occurrence of liquid material formation at 60 atm and above were recorded. The maximum conversion of the carbon in the fuel to soot exhibited a strong power-law dependence on pressure. At pressures 10 to 30 atm, the pressure exponent is approximately 0.73 for methane-air flames. At higher pressures, between 30 and 60 atm, the pressure exponent is approximately 0.33. The maximum fuel carbon conversion to soot is 12.6 % at 60 atm. For methane-oxygen flames, the pressure exponent is approximately 1.2 for pressures between 10 and 40 atm. At pressures between 50 and 70 atm, the pressure exponent is about -3.8 and approximately -12 for 70 to 90 atm. The maximum fuel carbon conversion to soot is 2 % at 40 atm. For ethylene-air flames, the pressure exponent is approximately 1.4 between 10 and 30 atm. The maximum carbon conversion to soot is approximately 6.5 % at 30 atm and remained constant at higher pressures.
A Study of the Fuel Oxygen Effect on Soot Formation in Counterflow Diffusion Flames
Author: Harjit Singh HuraEffect of Pressure on Structure and NOx Formation in CO-Air Diffusion Flames
Author: Howard G. MaahsPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Combustion
Languages : en
Pages : 62
Book Description
The Effect of Oxygenated Additives on Soot Precursor Formation
Author: Lauretta RubinoPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
A counter-flow propane/air diffusion flame ([straight phi] = 1.79) is used for a fundamental analysis of the effects of oxygenated additives on soot precursor formation. Experiments are conducted at atmospheric pressure using a quartz micro-probe for sampling and Gas Chromatography for gas sample analysis. C1-C6 species have been identified and measured. The oxygenated additives dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and ethanol are added to the fuel stream keeping the total volumetric flow rate constant Results show 10 vol% DMC significantly reduces acetylene, benzene and other flame pyrolysis products. Ethanol addition (10 vol%) shows instead more modest reductions. Peak acetylene and benzene levels decrease as the additive dosage increases for both ethanol and DMC. The additive's effect on adiabatic flame temperature and fuel stream carbon content does not correlate significantly with acetylene levels. However, there does appear to be a linear relationship between oxygen content and acetylene concentrations as well as C-C content and acetylene concentrations.
The Combined Effect of Oxidizer Flow Velocity, Turbulence and Oxygen Concentration on Ignition and Concurrent Flame Spread on Solid Fuels
Author: Yu Hang Christopher ChaoPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 500
Book Description