Author: Marion Schoone
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Effect of Organic Matter on Sorption of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Effect of Organic Matter on Sorption of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrcarbons
Sorption of Mixtures of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Low Organic Content Soils
Author: Daniel Peter Smidt
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Groundwater
Languages : en
Pages : 176
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Groundwater
Languages : en
Pages : 176
Book Description
Biophysico-Chemical Processes of Anthropogenic Organic Compounds in Environmental Systems
Author: Baoshan Xing
Publisher: Wiley
ISBN: 9780470539637
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
In contrast to the classical books which largely focus on separate, individual physicochemical and biological aspects, this book aims to integrate the frontiers of knowledge on the fundamentals and the impact of physicochemical and biological interactions and processes of AOCs in soil, sediment, water and air. The specific objectives of this book are to address: (1) fundamental biophysico-chemical processes of AOCs in the environment, (2) occurrence and distribution of AOCs in air, water, and soil, and their global cycling, (3) the state-of-the-art analytical techniques of AOCs, and (4) restoration of natural environments contaminated by AOCs. The book also identifies the gaps in knowledge on the subject matter and as such provides future directions to stimulate scientific research to advance the chemical science on biophysico-chemical interfacial reactions in natural habitats. By virtue of complex nature of the interactions of AOCs with different environmental components and matrixes, no single available technique and instrument is satisfactory yet for determining their fate, transport, availability, and risk in the environment. In order to fully understand the biophysico-chemical interactions and processes of AOCs in the environment, it is critical to know chemical, physical and biological properties of AOCs and their analytical techniques. The book is unique because of its multidisciplinary approach as it provides a comprehensive and integrated coverage of biophysico-chemical reactions and processes of AOCs in various environments, associated analytical techniques, and restoration of natural environments contaminated by AOCs.
Publisher: Wiley
ISBN: 9780470539637
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
In contrast to the classical books which largely focus on separate, individual physicochemical and biological aspects, this book aims to integrate the frontiers of knowledge on the fundamentals and the impact of physicochemical and biological interactions and processes of AOCs in soil, sediment, water and air. The specific objectives of this book are to address: (1) fundamental biophysico-chemical processes of AOCs in the environment, (2) occurrence and distribution of AOCs in air, water, and soil, and their global cycling, (3) the state-of-the-art analytical techniques of AOCs, and (4) restoration of natural environments contaminated by AOCs. The book also identifies the gaps in knowledge on the subject matter and as such provides future directions to stimulate scientific research to advance the chemical science on biophysico-chemical interfacial reactions in natural habitats. By virtue of complex nature of the interactions of AOCs with different environmental components and matrixes, no single available technique and instrument is satisfactory yet for determining their fate, transport, availability, and risk in the environment. In order to fully understand the biophysico-chemical interactions and processes of AOCs in the environment, it is critical to know chemical, physical and biological properties of AOCs and their analytical techniques. The book is unique because of its multidisciplinary approach as it provides a comprehensive and integrated coverage of biophysico-chemical reactions and processes of AOCs in various environments, associated analytical techniques, and restoration of natural environments contaminated by AOCs.
Determination of Physico-chemical Constants in Sorption of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds to Soil Organic Matter
Author: Kristoffer E. N. Jonassen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 103
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 103
Book Description
Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Languages : en
Pages : 500
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Languages : en
Pages : 500
Book Description
Sorption of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons to Minerals and Low-organic-carbon Aquifer Sediments
Author: Gabriel Orlando Grimaldi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 234
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 234
Book Description
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Bioavailability in Contaminated Soils and Sediments
Author: Joseph Paul Kreitinger
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 350
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 350
Book Description
Partition and Adsorption of Organic Contaminants in Environmental Systems
Author: Cary T. Chiou
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471463019
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 269
Book Description
Given the presence of a wide variety of contaminants in the environment, it is important to understand what drives a contaminant from one medium to another, as well as the manner and extent to which a contaminant associates with the different media or phases within a local environmental system. Partition and Adsorption of Organic Contaminants in Environmental Systems forms a comprehensive resource on the behavioral characteristics of contaminants so that appropriate strategies can be adopted to either prevent or minimize their adverse impacts on human welfare and natural resources. Cary Chiou’s far-reaching text depicts the processes by which nonionic organic contaminants are sorbed to natural biotic and abiotic substances. This book focuses on physical principles and system parameters that affect the contaminant uptake by soil from water, air, and other media; by fish from water; and by plants from soil and water. As contaminant uptake by natural organic substances is often predominantly a partition interaction, the partition characteristics in several solvent-water model mixtures are treated in detail to elucidate the relevant physicochemical parameters. The account of contaminant sorption to soils, fish, and plants is strengthened by companion chapters on: Fundamentals of solution theory Interphase partition equations Fundamentals of adsorption theory Vapor adsorption on mineral and carbonaceous solids No other single source in the field delivers as compelling a combination of background understanding and "state-of-the-science" comprehension of current issues. Ideally suited for a graduate-level environmental course, Partition and Adsorption of Organic Contaminants in Environmental Systems also serves as a technical guide to current and future research in the field.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471463019
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 269
Book Description
Given the presence of a wide variety of contaminants in the environment, it is important to understand what drives a contaminant from one medium to another, as well as the manner and extent to which a contaminant associates with the different media or phases within a local environmental system. Partition and Adsorption of Organic Contaminants in Environmental Systems forms a comprehensive resource on the behavioral characteristics of contaminants so that appropriate strategies can be adopted to either prevent or minimize their adverse impacts on human welfare and natural resources. Cary Chiou’s far-reaching text depicts the processes by which nonionic organic contaminants are sorbed to natural biotic and abiotic substances. This book focuses on physical principles and system parameters that affect the contaminant uptake by soil from water, air, and other media; by fish from water; and by plants from soil and water. As contaminant uptake by natural organic substances is often predominantly a partition interaction, the partition characteristics in several solvent-water model mixtures are treated in detail to elucidate the relevant physicochemical parameters. The account of contaminant sorption to soils, fish, and plants is strengthened by companion chapters on: Fundamentals of solution theory Interphase partition equations Fundamentals of adsorption theory Vapor adsorption on mineral and carbonaceous solids No other single source in the field delivers as compelling a combination of background understanding and "state-of-the-science" comprehension of current issues. Ideally suited for a graduate-level environmental course, Partition and Adsorption of Organic Contaminants in Environmental Systems also serves as a technical guide to current and future research in the field.
Impact of Soil Organic Matter Heterogeneity and Soil Aggregation on the Sorption of Herbicides by Soils
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Soils
Languages : en
Pages : 170
Book Description
Experiments were performed in pursuit of understanding of interactions between herbicides and soils, focusing on the effects of heterogeneity within soil organic matter (SOM), and the aggregation of SOM with mineral matter in soils, on equilibrium sorption and sorption rates of herbicides. For this purpose, sorption of three herbicides -- atrazine, metolachlor and napropamide -- was studied on a bulk soil, a bulk peat and three fractions that were chemically isolated from it. Studies were also performed using the well studied polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) phenanthrene to provide a comparison for the herbicides. The sorbents extracted from the soil and peat -- Base extracted fraction (BE), humic acids fraction (HA) and kerogen and black carbon fraction (KB) were characterized with elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy and surface area measurements and subjected to sorption and desorption equilibrium studies and sorption rate investigations. The herbicides were found to exhibit non linear sorption isotherms on all the sorbents, with HA from both soil and peat showing the least non linear isotherms and fastest sorption rates among all the sorbents. HA fraction also showed the least dependence of equilibrium or time dependent organic carbon normalized sorption capacity (KOC or KOC(t)) on initial aqueous solute concentration. This result was in accordance with the amorphous nature of the HA material and similar to that observed for PAHs. Herbicide atrazine was found to react with HA and was transformed to hydroxyatrazine in its presence. KOC or KOC(t) values for all other sorbents were found to be dependent on initial aqueous solute concentration. High sorption capacity of KB dominated the sorption for all the herbicides, with this capacity being diminished by the aggregation structure of the soil. Significant sorption hysteresis was not observed for the sorption of herbicides on the KB fraction, unlike that observed for phenanthrene, indicating large herbicide molecules do not penetrate nanopores of KB. Hysteresis observed for the bulk soil and BE for atrazine was attributed to chemical interactions between the sorbents and the herbicide. Overall this dissertation found that the herbicides exhibit hydrophobic interactions with soils, similar to PAHs, but owing to their large molecular sizes and polarities may exhibit site specific interactions and lack of hysteresis with soil components that call for changes in existing fate and transport models and further microscopic understanding.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Soils
Languages : en
Pages : 170
Book Description
Experiments were performed in pursuit of understanding of interactions between herbicides and soils, focusing on the effects of heterogeneity within soil organic matter (SOM), and the aggregation of SOM with mineral matter in soils, on equilibrium sorption and sorption rates of herbicides. For this purpose, sorption of three herbicides -- atrazine, metolachlor and napropamide -- was studied on a bulk soil, a bulk peat and three fractions that were chemically isolated from it. Studies were also performed using the well studied polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) phenanthrene to provide a comparison for the herbicides. The sorbents extracted from the soil and peat -- Base extracted fraction (BE), humic acids fraction (HA) and kerogen and black carbon fraction (KB) were characterized with elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy and surface area measurements and subjected to sorption and desorption equilibrium studies and sorption rate investigations. The herbicides were found to exhibit non linear sorption isotherms on all the sorbents, with HA from both soil and peat showing the least non linear isotherms and fastest sorption rates among all the sorbents. HA fraction also showed the least dependence of equilibrium or time dependent organic carbon normalized sorption capacity (KOC or KOC(t)) on initial aqueous solute concentration. This result was in accordance with the amorphous nature of the HA material and similar to that observed for PAHs. Herbicide atrazine was found to react with HA and was transformed to hydroxyatrazine in its presence. KOC or KOC(t) values for all other sorbents were found to be dependent on initial aqueous solute concentration. High sorption capacity of KB dominated the sorption for all the herbicides, with this capacity being diminished by the aggregation structure of the soil. Significant sorption hysteresis was not observed for the sorption of herbicides on the KB fraction, unlike that observed for phenanthrene, indicating large herbicide molecules do not penetrate nanopores of KB. Hysteresis observed for the bulk soil and BE for atrazine was attributed to chemical interactions between the sorbents and the herbicide. Overall this dissertation found that the herbicides exhibit hydrophobic interactions with soils, similar to PAHs, but owing to their large molecular sizes and polarities may exhibit site specific interactions and lack of hysteresis with soil components that call for changes in existing fate and transport models and further microscopic understanding.