Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aluminum
Languages : en
Pages : 62
Book Description
Effect of Heat Flux on the Corrosion of Aluminum by Water
Author: EFFECT OF HEAT FLUX ON THE CORROSION OF ALUMINUM BY WATER. PART III. FINAL REPORT ON TESTS RELATIVE TO THE HIGH-FLUX ISOTOPE REACTOR.
Author: J. C. GriessEffect of Heat Flux on the Corrosion of Aluminum by Water
Author: J. C. GriessPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aluminum
Languages : en
Pages : 44
Book Description
Effect of Heat Flux on the Corrosion of Aluminum by Water. Part III. Final Report on Tests Relative to the High-Flux Isotope Reactor
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
The effect of very high heat fluxes on the corrosion of 1100 and 6061 aluminum alloys by water was investigated. The test conditions generally simulated those expected to exist during operation of the High-Flux lsotope Reactor. At heat fluxes between 1 and 2 x l0/sup 6/ Btu/hr-ft/sup 2/ and with coolant temperatures and velocities in the ranges of 13l to 250 deg F and 3l to 51 fps, respectively, a layer of boehmite (alpha Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/- H/sub 2/0), which has low thermal conductivity, formed on the water-cooled aluminum surfaces during test. When only relatively thin films formed, the boehmite adhered tightly to the aluminum, but in those cases where relatively thick films formed, some boehmite spontaneously spalled from the surface. The rate at which the boehmite formed on the surface (and consequently the rate at which the aluminum temperature increased) was a function of the temperature at the specimen-water interface and the pH of the coolant. The lower the temperature and the lower the pH (in the range of 5.0 to 6.5 with HNO/sub 3/), the lower the rate of corrosion- product formation. Within the ranges investigated, pressure and flow rate were without effect, and the same results were obtained with 6061 and 1100, aluminum. In those cases where the pH of the coolant was adjusted to 5, corrosion penetration was uniform and even under the most severe conditions did not exceed l.5 mils in 10 days. When the test conditions were such that the rate of oxide formation was high and oxide spalled from the surface of the specimen, localized attack of the aluminum in the form of subsurface voids extending several mils into the metal was always observed. From the experimental data, fluid-film heat- transfer coefficients were calculated and the thermal conductivity of the corrosion product was estimated. The fluid-film heat-transfer coefficients were in excellent agreement with those determined by others under similar conditions, and a value of 1.3 plus or minus 0.2 Btu/hr-ft/sup 2/ deg F/ft was obtained as the thermal conductivity of the corrosion-product film. The results indicate that from a corrosion standpoint either 6061 or 1100 aluminum could be used as cladding material for the High-Flux lsotope Reactor fuel elements, provided the pH of the coolant is maintained at 5.0 to 5.3 with nitric acid. Under test condstions simulating the most severe conditions anticipated during operation of the reactor (hot spot--hot channel) the maximum penetration observed was only 1 mil in 10 days. Although somewhat excessive temperatures are probable at hot spots due to a high rate of corrosion-product buildup, the great majority of the fuel plates will operate at reasonable temperatures. (auth).
Nuclear Science Abstracts
Author: Publications, Reports, and Papers for 1961- from Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Author: Oak Ridge National LaboratoryPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 94
Book Description
Reactor Materials
Author: Comprehensive Nuclear Materials
Author: Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0081028660
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 4871
Book Description
Materials in a nuclear environment are exposed to extreme conditions of radiation, temperature and/or corrosion, and in many cases the combination of these makes the material behavior very different from conventional materials. This is evident for the four major technological challenges the nuclear technology domain is facing currently: (i) long-term operation of existing Generation II nuclear power plants, (ii) the design of the next generation reactors (Generation IV), (iii) the construction of the ITER fusion reactor in Cadarache (France), (iv) and the intermediate and final disposal of nuclear waste. In order to address these challenges, engineers and designers need to know the properties of a wide variety of materials under these conditions and to understand the underlying processes affecting changes in their behavior, in order to assess their performance and to determine the limits of operation. Comprehensive Nuclear Materials, Second Edition, Seven Volume Set provides broad ranging, validated summaries of all the major topics in the field of nuclear material research for fission as well as fusion reactor systems. Attention is given to the fundamental scientific aspects of nuclear materials: fuel and structural materials for fission reactors, waste materials, and materials for fusion reactors. The articles are written at a level that allows undergraduate students to understand the material, while providing active researchers with a ready reference resource of information. Most of the chapters from the first Edition have been revised and updated and a significant number of new topics are covered in completely new material. During the ten years between the two editions, the challenge for applications of nuclear materials has been significantly impacted by world events, public awareness, and technological innovation. Materials play a key role as enablers of new technologies, and we trust that this new edition of Comprehensive Nuclear Materials has captured the key recent developments. Critically reviews the major classes and functions of materials, supporting the selection, assessment, validation and engineering of materials in extreme nuclear environments Comprehensive resource for up-to-date and authoritative information which is not always available elsewhere, even in journals Provides an in-depth treatment of materials modeling and simulation, with a specific focus on nuclear issues Serves as an excellent entry point for students and researchers new to the field
Reactor Technology
Author: Leonard E. LinkPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nuclear engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 636
Book Description
Fouling Science and Technology
Author: L. MeloPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400928130
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 720
Book Description
The fouling of heat exchangers, reactors and catalysts remains one of the most urgent problems facing the process industries. Over the past ten years there has been limited research and investigation into the underlying mechanisms which give rise to this problem. For convenience, particularly in heat exchanger technology, the mechanisms involved have been subdivided into different subject areas. It is often the situation that individuals or groups of workers have concentra ted efforts in one or two of these specialist areas and there is a need to integrate the ideas across the whole spectrum of the subject. In addition, topics such as adhesion and surface phenomena have not been properly taken into account up till now in the assessment of the fouling processes. For this reason it was considered essential that the recognised experts from around the world, who are actively concerned with research, development and design in the fieId, should meet and exchange ideas and experience. Such a meeting was held at Alvor, Portugal, in May 1987, sponsored by the NATO Advanced St~dy Institutes Programme. In order to obtain a common basis for the work of the Advanced Study Institute, the whole technological field was reviewed right from the basic concepts to the frontiers of present knowledge. Each invited contributor was asked to make an overall presentation covering his or her area of expertise.