Author: André AuthierPublisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 9780198528920
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 700
Book Description
Publisher Description
Dynamical Theory of X-ray Diffraction
Author: André AuthierPublisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 9780198528920
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 700
Book Description
Publisher Description
X-Ray and Neutron Dynamical Diffraction
Author: André AuthierPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461558794
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 419
Book Description
This volume collects the proceedings of the 23rd International Course of Crystallography, entitled "X-ray and Neutron Dynamical Diffraction, Theory and Applications," which took place in the fascinating setting of Erice in Sicily, Italy. It was run as a NATO Advanced Studies Institute with A. Authier (France) and S. Lagomarsino (Italy) as codirectors, and L. Riva di Sanseverino and P. Spadon (Italy) as local organizers, R. Colella (USA) and B. K. Tanner (UK) being the two other members of the organizing committee. It was attended by about one hundred participants from twenty four different countries. Two basic theories may be used to describe the diffraction of radiation by crystalline matter. The first one, the so-called geometrical, or kinematical theory, is approximate and is applicable to small, highly imperfect crystals. It is used for the determination of crystal structures and describes the diffraction of powders and polycrystalline materials. The other one, the so-called dynamical theory, is applicable to perfect or nearly perfect crystals. For that reason, dynamical diffraction of X-rays and neutrons constitutes the theoretical basis of a great variety of applications such as: • the techniques used for the characterization of nearly perfect high technology materials, semiconductors, piezoelectric, electrooptic, ferroelectric, magnetic crystals, • the X-ray optical devices used in all modem applications of Synchrotron Radiation (EXAFS, High Resolution X-ray Diffractometry, magnetic and nuclear resonant scattering, topography, etc. ), and • X-ray and neutron interferometry.
X-Ray Multiple-Wave Diffraction
Author: Shih-Lin ChangPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662109840
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 443
Book Description
X-ray multiple-wave diffraction, sometimes called multiple diffraction or N-beam diffraction, results from the scattering of X-rays from periodic two or higher-dimensional structures, like 2-d and 3-d crystals and even quasi crystals. The interaction of the X-rays with the periodic arrangement of atoms usually provides structural information about the scatterer. Unlike the usual Bragg reflection, the so-called two-wave diffraction, the multiply diffracted intensities are sensitive to the phases of the structure factors in volved. This gives X-ray multiple-wave diffraction the chance to solve the X-ray phase problem. On the other hand, the condition for generating an X ray multiple-wave diffraction is much more strict than in two-wave cases. This makes X-ray multiple-wave diffraction a useful technique for precise measure ments of crystal lattice constants and the wavelength of radiation sources. Recent progress in the application of this particular diffraction technique to surfaces, thin films, and less ordered systems has demonstrated the diver sity and practicability of the technique for structural research in condensed matter physics, materials sciences, crystallography, and X-ray optics. The first book on this subject, Multiple Diffraction of X-Rays in Crystals, was published in 1984, and intended to give a contemporary review on the fundamental and application aspects of this diffraction.
Covariant Dynamical Theory of X-Ray Diffraction
Author: Arthur DyshekovPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
The proposed nonstandard diffraction theory is constructed directly from the Maxwell equations for the crystalline medium in the X-ray wavelength range. Analysis of Maxwell?s equations for dynamic diffraction is possible using the method of multiple scales which is modified to the vector character of the problem. In this case, the small parameter of the expansion is the Fourier component of the polarizability of the crystal. The second-order wave equation is analyzed without any assumptions about the possibility of the interaction between the refracted and scattered waves which automatically leads to the dynamic character of the scattering. The unified consideration of different geometrical schemes of diffraction including grazing geometry is possible. This is due to the construction of a unified wave field in the crystal and obtaining the field amplitudes according to the boundary conditions. The proposed theory allows generalization to the case of an imperfect crystal. Thus, a unified approach to account for deformations and other crystal structure disturbances in all diffraction schemes is implemented. The determination of a unified wave field without separation of the refracted and scattered waves is of the greatest importance in the analysis of secondary processes.
Dynamical Scattering of X-Rays in Crystals
Author: Z.G. PinskerPublisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783642812095
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
(Historical Survey) The discovery of X-ray diffraction in crystals by LAUE, FRIDRICH and KNIPPING in 1912 [1.1] served as the starting pOint for the development of scientific research along a number of important lines. We shall discuss just a few of them. The above discovery convincingly demonstrated the wave properties of X-rays. This, together with the previously established electromagnetic nature of radiation, confirmed the hypothesis that X-rays form the short-wave part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Further, this discovery was the first and decisive experimental proof of the periodic structure of crystals. In fact, theoretical crystallography had already arrived at this conclusion, mainly as an outcome of the theory of the space groups of symmetry elaborated by FEDOROV [1.2] and SCHOENFLIES [1.3]. From the optics of visible light we know that the radiation of a wave length of the same order as, and preferably less than, the period of a grat ing suffers diffraction on periodic objects of the type of optical grating. Thus, the discovery proved that the wavelength of an X-ray must be of the order of interatomic distances. It became clear why the visible light of wavelengths exceeding the crystal lattice periods by about 500 to 1000 times failed to reveal the periodic structure of crystals in diffraction experi ments.
Application of the Dynamical Theory of X-Ray Diffraction to CopperZinc
Author: Readul MahmudPublisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783659364396
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 164
Book Description
X-ray diffraction technique have been using for a long time to understand the characteristics of various materials around the world. So it is important to understand the kinematics and dynamical theory and their applications in different cases. So dynamical theory of x-ray diffraction for both absorption and without absorption is developed and applied to thin, thick and intermediate thick CuZn alloy to obtain the diffraction patterns for both Bragg's and Laue's cases. The famous asymmetric curve is found when absorption is considered; the diffraction curve is symmetrical without absorption. It is found that the intensity increases but FWHM decreases for higher indices. Order-disorder transformation of CuZn binary alloy is also noticed for various temperatures. The atomic scattering factors of different elements are calculated to see the temperature effect. The temperature dependence of reflection lines are computed using Debye and Einstein approximation. Interestingly intensity of reflection lines decreases with the increase of temperature and indices for both cases. This book will be helpful for the student and researchers who want to understand and work on x-ray diffraction.
An Integral Equation Approach to the Dynamical Theory of X-ray Diffraction
Author: Henry Fred LinebargerPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Crystallography, Mathematical
Languages : en
Pages : 86
Book Description
X-ray Diffraction
Author: Leonid V. AzároffPublisher: McGraw-Hill Companies
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 686
Book Description
X-ray Diffraction Topography
Author: Brian Keith TannerPublisher: Pergamon
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 192
Book Description
X-Ray Diffraction Topography presents an elementary treatment of X-ray topography which is comprehensible to the non-specialist. It discusses the development of the principles and application of the subject matter. X-ray topography is the study of crystals which use x-ray diffraction. Some of the topics covered in the book are the basic dynamical x-ray diffraction theory, the Berg-Barrett method, Lang's method, double crystal methods, the contrast on x-ray topography, and the analysis of crystal defects and distortions. The crystals grown from solution are covered. The naturally occurring cr.
Author: Toshio Takahashi