Dynamic Modeling and Control Studies of a Two-Stage Bubbling Fluidized Bed Adsorber-Reactor for Solid-Sorbent CO{sub 2} Capture PDF Download
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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
A one-dimensional, non-isothermal, pressure-driven dynamic model has been developed for a two-stage bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) adsorber-reactor for solid-sorbent carbon dioxide (CO2) capture using Aspen Custom Modeler® (ACM). The BFB model for the flow of gas through a continuous phase of downward moving solids considers three regions: emulsion, bubble, and cloud-wake. Both the upper and lower reactor stages are of overflow-type configuration, i.e., the solids leave from the top of each stage. In addition, dynamic models have been developed for the downcomer that transfers solids between the stages and the exit hopper that removes solids from the bottom of the bed. The models of all auxiliary equipment such as valves and gas distributor have been integrated with the main model of the two-stage adsorber reactor. Using the developed dynamic model, the transient responses of various process variables such as CO2 capture rate and flue gas outlet temperatures have been studied by simulating typical disturbances such as change in the temperature, flowrate, and composition of the incoming flue gas from pulverized coal-fired power plants. In control studies, the performance of a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller, feedback-augmented feedforward controller, and linear model predictive controller (LMPC) are evaluated for maintaining the overall CO2 capture rate at a desired level in the face of typical disturbances.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
A one-dimensional, non-isothermal, pressure-driven dynamic model has been developed for a two-stage bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) adsorber-reactor for solid-sorbent carbon dioxide (CO2) capture using Aspen Custom Modeler® (ACM). The BFB model for the flow of gas through a continuous phase of downward moving solids considers three regions: emulsion, bubble, and cloud-wake. Both the upper and lower reactor stages are of overflow-type configuration, i.e., the solids leave from the top of each stage. In addition, dynamic models have been developed for the downcomer that transfers solids between the stages and the exit hopper that removes solids from the bottom of the bed. The models of all auxiliary equipment such as valves and gas distributor have been integrated with the main model of the two-stage adsorber reactor. Using the developed dynamic model, the transient responses of various process variables such as CO2 capture rate and flue gas outlet temperatures have been studied by simulating typical disturbances such as change in the temperature, flowrate, and composition of the incoming flue gas from pulverized coal-fired power plants. In control studies, the performance of a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller, feedback-augmented feedforward controller, and linear model predictive controller (LMPC) are evaluated for maintaining the overall CO2 capture rate at a desired level in the face of typical disturbances.
Author: Dimitri Gidaspow Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0080512267 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 489
Book Description
Useful as a reference for engineers in industry and as an advanced level text for graduate engineering students, Multiphase Flow and Fluidization takes the reader beyond the theoretical to demonstrate how multiphase flow equations can be used to provide applied, practical, predictive solutions to industrial fluidization problems. Written to help advance progress in the emerging science of multiphase flow, this book begins with the development of the conservation laws and moves on through kinetic theory, clarifying many physical concepts (such as particulate viscosity and solids pressure) and introducing the new dependent variable--the volume fraction of the dispersed phase. Exercises at the end of each chapterare provided for further study and lead into applications not covered in the text itself. Treats fluidization as a branch of transport phenomena Demonstrates how to do transient, multidimensional simulation of multiphase processes The first book to apply kinetic theory to flow of particulates Is the only book to discuss numerical stability of multiphase equations and whether or not such equations are well-posed Explains the origin of bubbles and the concept of critical granular flow Presents clearly written exercises at the end of each chapter to facilitate understanding and further study
Author: John G. Yates Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319395939 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 214
Book Description
The fluidized-bed reactor is the centerpiece of industrial fluidization processes. This book focuses on the design and operation of fluidized beds in many different industrial processes, emphasizing the rationale for choosing fluidized beds for each particular process. The book starts with a brief history of fluidization from its inception in the 1940’s. The authors present both the fluid dynamics of gas-solid fluidized beds and the extensive experimental studies of operating systems and they set them in the context of operating processes that use fluid-bed reactors. Chemical engineering students and postdocs as well as practicing engineers will find great interest in this book.
Author: Abdelsalam Efhaima Publisher: ISBN: Category : Computational fluid dynamics Languages : en Pages : 262
Book Description
"This research focuses on validating our newly developed mechanistic scale-up methodology for hydrodynamics similarity of gas-solid fluidized bed reactors (FBRs) by implementing our advanced non-invasive measurement techniques which are gamma ray computed tomography (CT) and radioactive particle tracking (RPT) that measure local hydrodynamic parameters. Experiments were carried out in two fluidized beds of 14 cm and 44 cm in diameter using air as the gas phase and particles of different materials. Since in these reactors the gas dynamic dictates the bed hydrodynamics, the new mechanistic scale-up methodology is based on maintaining similar or closer time averaged radial profiles of gas holdups at a height within the bed in two different gas-solid fluidized beds in order to achieve local and global similarity of dimensionless hydrodynamic parameters. The findings validate the achievement of hydrodynamics similarity in local solids and gas holdups distribution obtained by CT technique and in three dimension local solids velocities, solids shear stresses, normal stresses, turbulent kinetic energy, and turbulent eddy diffusivities measured by RPT technique. Also in this work we found based on local hydrodynamic parameters obtained by using CT and RPT that the scale-up method of matching a set of dimensionless groups is invalid for hydrodynamics similarity and the proposed dimensionless groups are insufficient to capture the key phenomena in these reactors. In addition, we studied the effect of bed height and particles type, size, and density on gas holdup, particle velocity, and turbulent parameters measured by these advanced techniques"--Abstract, page iv.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 40
Book Description
The objective of this investigation is to convert the gas-solid-liquid fluidization model into a predictive design model. The IIT hydrodynamic model computes the phase velocities and the volume fractions of gas, liquid and particulate phases. Model verification involves a comparison of these computed velocities and volume fractions to experimental values. This report presents measurements of granular temperature of Air Products catalyst. The report is in the form of a preliminary paper, entitled ''Dynamics of Liquid-Solid Fluidized Beds with Small Catalyst Particles.'' The principal results are as follows: (1) For the liquid-solid system the granular temperature is much smaller than for a corresponding gas-solid system. This may be due to the larger viscosity of the liquid in comparison to air. (2) The collisional viscosity of the catalyst is correspondingly much smaller than that of catalyst particles in the air. (3) The dominant frequency of density oscillations is near two Hertz, as expected for a gas-solid fluidized bed. There exists a link between this low frequency and the high frequency of catalyst particle oscillations. The Air Products fluidized bed reactor is designed to produce methanol and synthetic fuels from synthesis gas.
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Author: Dimitri Gidaspow
Author: John G. Yates
Author: Abdelsalam Efhaima
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Author: Michael John Bly
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Author: Sankar Veeraraghavan
Author: Hendrik Schönfelder
Author: Keith J. Smith