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Author: D. R. Ballal Publisher: ISBN: Category : Combustion Languages : en Pages : 69
Book Description
Computer models of turbulent mixing and combustion suffer from many limitations, deficiencies, and errors. To evaluate and refine them, an experimental research program was started (a) to develop a combustion test facility and optical diagnostics, (b) to perform turbulent mixing and combustion experiments, and (c) to provide a data base for modeling needs. In Volume II, bench-mark quality data recorded in these experiments are documented for modeling needs. Specifically, data are tabulated for three variable-density, non-reactive turbulent mixing experiments: (1) 2-D Mixing Layer, (2) 2-D Slot Jet/Centerbody, and (3) Round Jet, and for two turbulent combustion experiments: (1) Scalar Fluctuations in Premixed Flames, (2) Conical Flame Stabilizer. These data may be used to evaluate and refine modeling codes of turbulent mixing and combustion processes. Keywords: Turbulent combustion, Jet flows, Recirculatory combustion, Nonreacting flows, Bluff-body, Near wake, Experimental data, Tables data. (aw).
Author: D. R. Ballal Publisher: ISBN: Category : Combustion Languages : en Pages : 69
Book Description
Computer models of turbulent mixing and combustion suffer from many limitations, deficiencies, and errors. To evaluate and refine them, an experimental research program was started (a) to develop a combustion test facility and optical diagnostics, (b) to perform turbulent mixing and combustion experiments, and (c) to provide a data base for modeling needs. In Volume II, bench-mark quality data recorded in these experiments are documented for modeling needs. Specifically, data are tabulated for three variable-density, non-reactive turbulent mixing experiments: (1) 2-D Mixing Layer, (2) 2-D Slot Jet/Centerbody, and (3) Round Jet, and for two turbulent combustion experiments: (1) Scalar Fluctuations in Premixed Flames, (2) Conical Flame Stabilizer. These data may be used to evaluate and refine modeling codes of turbulent mixing and combustion processes. Keywords: Turbulent combustion, Jet flows, Recirculatory combustion, Nonreacting flows, Bluff-body, Near wake, Experimental data, Tables data. (aw).
Author: D. R. Ballal Publisher: ISBN: Category : Combustion Languages : en Pages : 231
Book Description
Computer models of turbulent mixing and combustion suffer from many limitations, deficiencies, and errors. To evaluate and refine them, an experimental research program was started (a) to develop a combustion test facility and optical diagnostics, (b) to perform turbulent mixing and combustion experiments, and (c) to provide a database for modeling needs. This final report describes the combustion test facility and the optical instrumentation, namely a Laser Doppler Anemometer (LDA), and a Laser Raman/Rayleigh Spectroscopy (LRS) system. The problem areas, error analysis, and data reproducibility of these optical techniques are discussed. Keywords: Turbulent combustion; Jet flows; Recirculatory combustion; Nonreacting flows; Bluff-body; Near wake. (jes).
Author: Qian Wang Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Imaging based optical diagnostics have played an important role in combustion and fluids studies. However, most imaging techniques are two dimensional. The increasing interest in accurate whole field measurement has heightened the need for developing three dimensional methods. Furthermore, many flows are inherently 3D in nature. One aim of this study is to develop an innovative 3D schlieren/shadowgraph system based on conventional schlieren/shadowgraph techniques. Furthermore, several research issues related to fluid mechanics and combustion are investigated using multi optical methods, including high speed direct/schlieren imaging, stereo imaging and 3D reconstruction and PIV techniques, etc. Firstly, a stereoscopic shadowgraph system has been developed using two sets of conventional z-type schlieren configurations. The test volume is set at the intersection of two inclined converging beams formed by two pairs of parabolic mirrors. Two synchronised high speed cameras are used to record the shadowgraph image pairs simultaneously. A precisely etched metal mesh plate is used to calibrate the stereoscopic shadowgraph system. The fully developed MATLAB code is employed to obtain calibration parameters and 3D coordinates reconstruction. A crystal block with internal 3D images is acted as a static model for point reconstruction. The 3D coordinates obtained are in good agreement with the real dimensions. The technique has been subsequently applied to investigate the bursting dynamics of a bubble. The 3D curve reconstruction is also accomplished successfully. The stereoscopic shadowgraph technique has been shown to be an effective method for both 3D visualisation and quantitative measurement. Secondly, the spark induced hot gas jet of a gas turbine combustor igniter has been investigated using optical methods with the combination of high speed schlieren and stereo imaging. A spherical shockwave and a hot gas jet are observed after spark initiation. The 3D velocity vectors of the flying off metal bits are calculated by a stereo imaging and reconstruction algorithm. It has been found that the amount and velocity distributions of the eroded metal bits are very different even at a fixed input voltage to the igniter, which contrasts with the quite consistent hot gas jet development. The 3D structures of the interaction boundaries between hot gas and ambient air are reconstructed for the first time using stereoscopic shadowgraph technique. Thirdly, the vortex dynamics and structures of methane-air diffusion flames are investigated under different co-flow conditions. The schlieren and PIV images show that the visible flame flickering is dominated by the dynamics of the external toroidal vortices outside. The co-flow air is observed to push the initiation point of toroidal vortices beyond the visible flame height and suppress flame flickering completely. The velocity vectors and vorticity contours at different air flow rates are presented and analysed. The shedding frequency of the toroidal vortex is found to be consistent with the result obtained from a photomultiplier. The investigation indicates that co-flow helps to depress flame instability by changing the vortex evolution. Finally, a laminar diffusion flame is studied under external acoustic excitation at different frequencies (6 Hz-100 Hz). The flame structures and vortex evolutions are investigated using high-speed stereo/schlieren imaging and digital imaging processing techniques. The flame frequency shows obvious nonlinear response to both the excitation frequency and amplitude. Several typical nonlinear phenomena were observed and analysed, which may serve as proof for relevant numerical simulation.
Author: Zhen-Yu Tian Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 981990546X Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 314
Book Description
This textbook, supported by the Textbook Publishing Center of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, provides a fundamental introduction to advanced diagnostics techniques for graduate students majoring in combustion science, chemistry, and chemical engineering-related subjects. The textbook provides an overview with respect to the spectroscopic methods in advanced diagnostics techniques such as gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, thermochemical analysis, Raman scattering, and nuclear magnetic resonance. It then describes the comprehensive basic theory, equipment structure, and testing methods of diagnostic techniques and summarizes the analysis methods commonly used in combustion chemical reaction processes. This can provide graduate students with important guidance and comprehensive understanding of diagnostics techniques before performing physics and chemistry experiments. In addition, it provides an introduction into using common mathematical and graphics packages for students to acquire and practice the tools to comply with international standards. The textbook is concise and illustrative and includes hot issues and current progress of diagnostics. In addition, exercises and questions are included at the end of each chapter for students to practice and gain hands-on experience. Given its scope, the textbook is of great benefit to graduate students in combustion chemistry and engineering and other related areas such as environmental science, optical engineering, and thermal science and is also beneficial for researchers with interdisciplinary backgrounds.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Power resources Languages : en Pages : 806
Book Description
Semiannual, with semiannual and annual indexes. References to all scientific and technical literature coming from DOE, its laboratories, energy centers, and contractors. Includes all works deriving from DOE, other related government-sponsored information, and foreign nonnuclear information. Arranged under 39 categories, e.g., Biomedical sciences, basic studies; Biomedical sciences, applied studies; Health and safety; and Fusion energy. Entry gives bibliographical information and abstract. Corporate, author, subject, report number indexes.
Author: D. P. Mishra Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1466517352 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 394
Book Description
Fulfilling the need for a classical approach, Experimental Combustion: An Introduction begins with an overview of the key aspects of combustion—including chemical kinetics, premixed flame, diffusion flame, and liquid droplet combustion—followed by a discussion of the general elements of measurement systems and data acquisition and analysis. In addition to these aspects, thermal flow measurements, gas composition measurements, and optical combustion diagnostics are covered extensively. Building upon this foundation in the fundamentals, the text addresses measurements, instruments, analyses, and diagnostics specific to combustion experiments, as well as: Describes the construction, working principles, application areas, and limitations of the necessary instruments for combustion systems Familiarizes the reader with the procedure for uncertainty analysis in combustion experiments Discusses advanced optical techniques, namely particle image velocimetry (PIV), laser Doppler anemometry (LDA), and planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) methods From stoichiometry to smoke meters and statistical analysis, Experimental Combustion: An Introduction provides a solid understanding of the underlying concepts and measurement tools required for the execution and interpretation of practical combustion experiments.
Author: KoHse-HoingHaus Publisher: Taylor & Francis US ISBN: 9781560329381 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 748
Book Description
The editors have assembled a world-class group of contributors who address the questions the combustion diagnostic community faces. They are chemists who identify the species to be measured and the interfering substances that may be present; physicists, who push the limits of laser spectroscopy and laser devices and who conceive suitable measurement schemes; and engineers, who know combustion systems and processes. This book assists in providing guidance for the planning of combustion experiments, in judging research strategies and in conceiving new ideas for combustion research. It provides a snapshot of the available diagnostic methods and thier typical applications from the perspective of leading experts in the field.
Author: Phoevos Koukouvinis Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0128233982 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 355
Book Description
Cavitation and Bubble Dynamics: Fundamentals and Applications examines the latest advances in the field of cavitation and multiphase flows, including associated effects such as material erosion and spray instabilities. This book tackles the challenges of cavitation hindrance in the industrial world, while also drawing on interdisciplinary research to inform academic audiences on the latest advances in the fundamentals. Contributions to the book come from a wide range of specialists in areas including fuel systems, hydropower, marine engineering, multiphase flows and computational fluid mechanics, allowing readers to discover novel interdisciplinary experimentation techniques and research results. This book will be an essential tool for industry professionals and researchers working on applications where cavitation hindrance affects reliability, noise, and vibrations. Covers a wide range of cavitation and bubble dynamics phenomena, including shock wave emission, jetting, and luminescence Provides the latest advice about applications including cavitation tunnels, cavitation testing, flow designs to avoid cavitation in pumps and other hydromachinery, and flow lines Describes novel experimental techniques, such as x-ray imaging and new computational techniques
Author: D. R. Ballal
Author: D. R. Ballal
Author: D. R. Ballal
Author: Qian Wang
Author: 
Author: Zhen-Yu Tian
Author: 
Author: D. P. Mishra
Author: Shen Li
Author: KoHse-HoingHaus
Author: Phoevos Koukouvinis