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Author: Clark Liu Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
We study companies with dual-listed shares in China (mainland) and Hong Kong. When China has a short-sale ban, Chinese stock prices are 1.8x as high as Hong Kong prices (on average). Stock pairs with higher fundamental volatilities or more volatile order flows have higher price disparities (on average). The average stock pair's return difference is volatile and has a standard deviation of 8.8% per week. This paper shows that order flows can affect both a company's fundamental price and/or its transitory prices. In Hong Kong, transitory variance accounts for 39% of a stock's total variance. These results are surprising because the average market capitalization is over USD 8 billion for the Hong Kong-listed shares and the turnover is over 2.5x per annum. We exploit a quasi-natural experiment in which the short-sale ban is lifted for some Chinese stocks but not others. After the ban is lifted, the affected shares trade at parity. We estimate that lifting the short-sale ban in China (mainland) reduces weekly transitory volatility in Hong Kong by 49 bp per week because it enables a hedging mechanism.
Author: Clark Liu Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
We study companies with dual-listed shares in China (mainland) and Hong Kong. When China has a short-sale ban, Chinese stock prices are 1.8x as high as Hong Kong prices (on average). Stock pairs with higher fundamental volatilities or more volatile order flows have higher price disparities (on average). The average stock pair's return difference is volatile and has a standard deviation of 8.8% per week. This paper shows that order flows can affect both a company's fundamental price and/or its transitory prices. In Hong Kong, transitory variance accounts for 39% of a stock's total variance. These results are surprising because the average market capitalization is over USD 8 billion for the Hong Kong-listed shares and the turnover is over 2.5x per annum. We exploit a quasi-natural experiment in which the short-sale ban is lifted for some Chinese stocks but not others. After the ban is lifted, the affected shares trade at parity. We estimate that lifting the short-sale ban in China (mainland) reduces weekly transitory volatility in Hong Kong by 49 bp per week because it enables a hedging mechanism.
Author: Laura Kalinska Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3668214018 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 30
Book Description
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2015 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 96/110, , course: Principles of International Finance, language: English, abstract: This thesis project aims to test the hypothesis whether or not there exists enough empirical evidence to prove that companies from developed countries with well-functioning capital markets have seen deteriorating benefits from cross-listing in the United States. We find evidence that support our hypothesis in light of the significant number of European companies terminat-ing their U.S. cross-listings after requirements for deregistering listings from the U.S. became less stringent in the year 2007. The trend also continued with the number of cross-listings by companies from the developed world steadily declining during the subsequent five years. The most cited reasons for cross-listing in the United States, such as greater access to investors, liquidity, a higher valuation and thus a lower cost of capital seems not to hold as strongly anymore. At least not for companies that come from countries where its capital markets have experienced a steady development in corporate governance standards so as to match that of the United States. Evidence point to the fact that the benefits that held for all non U.S. firms still hold strongly only for those companies coming from emerging economies and whose equity market standards are still well below that of stock exchanges in the United States.
Author: Jaideep Bedi Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 36
Book Description
We examine the characteristics and stock price behaviour of existing and recently unified dual-listed companies (DLCs), which are also known as Siamese-twin companies). DLC structures are effectively mergers in which companies agree to combine their operations and cash flows, but retain separate identities and shareholder registries. We identify 14 such international structures and survey the rationales that have been advanced for the creation as well as the unification of such groups.We find that the 'excess comovement' phenomenon identified by Froot and Dabora (1999) has persisted for the long-standing Anglo-Dutch DLCs, and that three recent Anglo-Australian DLCs also exhibit this phenomenon. We also investigate what happens to the market exposures of DLCs that have been abandoned in favour of a unified structure. Standard models would suggest there should be no change in the betas of the combined firm, while models of trading-based comovement would suggest that betas could change. We find that the market value of the unified DLCs becomes more (less) correlated with the market index of the new primary (secondary) market after unification. Together with the evidence for excess comovement, this result is consistent with a model where the market prices of assets depend not only on fundamentals, but also on the location of trade and the investors that hold the assets.Finally, we conduct an event study into the stock returns of DLC twins around the time of unification announcements. Unifications of the share structure have typically occurred on the market that placed the higher value on the cash flows of the DLC. Not surprisingly, the pricing of the twins converges after these announcements, and we find that a rise in the value of the discounted twin is apparently accompanied by a modest fall in the value of the twin trading at a premium.
Author: Aditya Kaul Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
We examine the role of trades in restoring price parity for equities trading in multiple markets. Using a sample of stocks trading on the Toronto Stock Exchange and on the NYSE, AMEX or NASDAQ, we contrast price convergence when market makers (a) observe only lagged quotes from both markets and (b) also observe local order flow. Traditional error correction model estimates show that prices in the two markets adjust towards parity in response to quoted price discrepancies, meaning that observation of the cross-market quote helps restore parity. Including order flow in an augmented error correction model, we find that incremental price convergence occurs when trades are routed to the market with the better price, and the importance of quotes in the price convergence process is reduced. Cross-sectional analysis reveals that the importance of order flow in each market is decreasing in firm size and increasing in measures of liquidity. Our findings point to an important, and hitherto unexamined, role for trades in promoting inter-market price convergence.
Author: Jesse L. Livermore Publisher: How to Trade in Stocks ISBN: 0934380201 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 26
Book Description
Written by one of America's most colorful and flamboyant speculators, who made... and lost... four multi-million dollar fortunes. He was once blamed for causing the 1929 Crash, and for precipitating every market break from 1917 to 1940. This book is Livermore's legacy to the speculator for all time, in which he states his philosophy of trading and lays down the list of rules that are necessary to win at the speculative process. This valuable book by a Wall Street great is a collector's item.
Author: Thierry Foucault Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 40
Book Description
We show that a cross-listing allows a firm to make better investment decisions because it enhances stock price informativeness. This theory of cross-listings yield several predictions. In particular, it implies that the sensitivity of investment to stock prices should be larger for cross-listed firms. Moreover, the increase in value generated by a cross-listing (the cross-listing premium) should be positively related to the size of growth opportunities and negatively related to the quality of managerial information. We also analyze in details the effects of the geography of ownership (the distribution of holdings between foreign and domestic investors) on the cross-listing premium. In particular, we show that the sensitivity of the cross-listing premium to the size of growth opportunities increases when holdings (resp. market shares) become more evenly distributed between foreign and domestic investors (resp. markets). Last, we show that concentration of trading in the home market (flow-back) can indeed increase the cross-listing premium for some firms.
Author: Gil Morales Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470616539 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 390
Book Description
How two former traders of William J. O'Neil + Company made mad money using O'Neil's trading strategies, and how you can, too From the successes and failures of two William O'Neil insiders, Trade Like an O'Neil Disciple: How We Made Over 18,000% in the Stock Market in 7 Years is a detailed look at how to trade using William O'Neil's proven strategies and what it was like working side-by-side with Bill O'Neil. Under various market conditions, the authors document their trades, including the set ups, buy, add, and sell points for their winners. Then, they turn the magnifying glass on themselves to analyze their mistakes, including how much they cost them, how they reacted, and what they learned. Presents sub-strategies for buying pocket pivots and gap-ups Includes a market direction timing model, as well as updated tools for selling stocks short Provides an "inside view" of the authors' experiences as proprietary, internal portfolio managers at William O'Neil + Company, Inc. from 1997-2005 Detailing technical information and the trading psychology that has worked so well for them, Trade Like an O'Neil Disciple breaks down what every savvy money manager, trader and investor needs to know to profit enormously in today’s stock market.
Author: Olga Dodd Publisher: ISBN: Category : Stocks Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This thesis examines the possible implications of international cross-listings for the wealth of shareholders, for stock liquidity and volatility, and for the distribution of trading volumes across both the domestic and foreign stock markets where the shares are traded. For the purpose of clarity, these three issues are analysed in three empirical chapters in the thesis. The first empirical issue examined in this thesis is the effects of international cross-listings on shareholders? wealth. This is discussed in chapter 2. The chapter compares the gains in shareholders? wealth that result from cross-listing in the American, British, and European stock exchanges and then evaluates their determinants by applying various theories on the wealth effects of cross-listing. Moreover, it evaluates how the wealth effect of cross-listing has changed over time reflecting the implications of the significant developments in capital markets that have taken place in recent years. In particular, the effects of the introduction of the Euro in Europe and the adoption of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in the US are analysed. The findings suggest that, on average, cross-listing of stocks enhances shareholders? wealth but the gains are dependent on the destination market. In addition, the regulatory and economic changes in the listing environment not only alter the wealth effects of cross-listings, but also affect the sources of value creation. Overall, this chapter provides in-depth insights into the motivations for, and the benefits of, cross-listings across different host markets in changing market conditions. The second empirical issue examined is the impact of cross-listing and multimarket trading on stock liquidity and volatility (chapter 3). Cross-listing leads to additional mandatory disclosure in order to comply with the requirements of the host market. Such requirements are expected to reduce information asymmetry among various market participants (corporate managers, stock dealers, and investors). An enhanced information environment, in turn, should increase stock liquidity and reduce stock return volatility. The findings of this study suggest that the stock liquidity and volatility improves after cross-listing on a foreign stock exchange. Moreover, this study distinguishes between cross-listing and cross-trading. The distinction is important because cross-trading, unlike cross-listing, does not require the disclosing of additional information. Although such a distinction means there is a variation in the information environment of cross-listed and cross-traded stocks, the results do not reveal any significant difference in the liquidity and volatility of the stocks that are cross-listed and cross-traded. This evidence suggests that the improvement in the liquidity and volatility of cross-listed/traded stocks comes primarily from the intensified competition among traders rather than from mandatory disclosure requirements. The final empirical issue investigated in this thesis (chapter 4) is the identification of the determinants of the distribution of equity trading volume from both stock exchange and firm specific perspectives. From a stock exchange perspective, exchange level analysis focuses on the stock exchange characteristics that determine the ability of a stock exchange to attract trading of foreign stocks. While from a firm perspective, firm level analysis focuses on firm specific characteristics that affect the distribution of foreign trading. The results show that a stock exchange?s ability to attract trading volumes of foreign equity is positively associated with a stock exchange?s organizational efficiency, market liquidity, and also the quality of investor protection and insider trading regulations. Analysis also reveals the superior ability of American stock exchanges to attract trading of European stocks. Moreover, there is strong evidence suggesting that regulated stock exchanges are more successful in attracting trading of foreign stocks than non-regulated markets, such as OTC and alternative markets and trading platforms. From a firm perspective, the proportion of trading on a foreign exchange is higher for smaller and riskier companies, and for companies that exhibit lower correlation of returns with market index returns in the host market. Also this proportion is higher when foreign trading takes place in the same currency as trading in the firm?s home market and increases with the duration of a listing. Finally, the study provides separate evidence on the expected levels of trading activity on various stock exchanges for a stock with particular characteristics. Overall, the findings of this thesis suggest that international cross-listing is beneficial for both firms and their shareholders but the findings also suggest that there are significant variations in the implications of cross-listings for different firms and from listing in different destination foreign markets. Finally, these implications are not static and respond to changes and reforms in listing and trading conditions.
Author: Clark Liu
Author: Clark Liu
Author: Laura Kalinska
Author: Jaideep Bedi
Author: Allan William Kleidon
Author: Aditya Kaul
Author: Jesse L. Livermore
Author: Ruth Janine Freedman
Author: Thierry Foucault
Author: Gil Morales
Author: Olga Dodd