Author: Charles Burnett YeamansPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Dry process fluorination of uranium dioxide using ammonium bifluoride : thesis
Author: Charles Burnett YeamansPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Dry Process Fluorination of Uranium Dioxide Using Ammonium Bifluoride
Author: Charles Burnett YeamansPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 86
Book Description
An experimental study was conducted to determine the practicality of various unit operations for fluorination of uranium dioxide. The objective was to prepare ammonium uranium fluoride double salts from uranium dioxide and ammonium bifluoride, then decompose these salts to uranium tetrafluoride through heating to temperatures near 425 °C in either a fluidized bed or a stirred bed. Fluorination in the stirred bed was attempted without pretreatment of the reagents. For the fluidized bed experiments, reagents were ball-milled prior to being heated in the bed. Experiments were conducted in either argon or 4% hydrogen in argon. The ball mill appeared to be an effective technique for fluorinating uranium dioxide with ammonium bifluoride. Samples changed color from brown to bright green, and no oxides could be detected in the x-ray diffraction pattern of the product. It was found that stainless steel is a suitable material of construction for reaction vessels, whereas mild steel parts corroded quickly. Only a small degree of fluidization provided adequate mixing in fluidized beds, but a paddle mixing the stirred beds left an unmixed region around the bed perimeter. Results from the stirred beds showed the initial fluorination reaction completed only when the reagents were heated to 110 °C for at least three hours under argon. Decomposition took place under argon with a temperature ramp up to 425 °C. The product UF4 contained less than 1% oxide as an impurity, and the decomposition appeared to be complete. Fluidized beds were run with both argon and 4% hydrogen in argon as carrier gases. Experiments with 4% hydrogen in argon produced uranium tetrafluoride, with ammonium uranium pentafluoride and uranium dioxide as impurties. Experiments in argon produced uranium tetrafluoride, with uranyl difluoride, ammonium diuranyl pentafluoride and triuranium octoxide as impurities. Minimum temperatures and times needed to decompose the double salt in the fluidized beds were 200 minutes at 115 °C, a 500-minute ramp to 425 °C, and 200 minutes at 425 °C. The intermediate double salt produced at 110 °C appeared to be triammonium uranium septafluoride.
Synthesis of Uranium Fluorides from Uranium Dioxide with Ammonium Bifluoride and Ammonolysis of Uranium Fluorides to Uranium Nitrides
Author: Charles Burnett YeamansPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 270
Book Description
The Fluorination of Uranium from Dried Solids and Its Application to the Fluoride Volatility Process
Author: Carl E. JohnsonPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fluorination
Languages : en
Pages : 42
Book Description
The ADF fluoride volatility process employs the unit processes of dissolution, fluidized bed drying and fluorination to recover fissile material from reactor fuels. Variables that affect the removal from dried solids representative of those obtained from dissolver solutions of high zirconium alloy fuels were studied. Variables investigated were particle size, additives, temperature, time, hydrofluorination and pyrolysis. Application of the study of Dresden and APPR type fuels was also considered.
Laboratory Investigations in Support of Fluid Bed Fluoride Volatility Processes
Author: R. L. JarryPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fluidized reactors
Languages : en
Pages : 46
Book Description
Work in the development of fluid-bed fluoride volatility processes is described. In these processes, uranium and plutonium in spent nuclear fuels are converted into hexafluoride compounds in a fluid-bed reactor. The uranium and plutonium hexafluorides are volatile and can be separated from fission products, cladding, and alloying materials by techniques such as vaporization and distillation. The experimental work was directed toward devising a fluorination procedure for uranium and plutonium dioxides which would result in a high degree of removal of uranium and plutonium as hexafluorides.
Large Scale Tests of the Aqueous Hydrogen Fluoride Process for the Production of Uranium Tetrafluoride
Author: G. J. VogelPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hydrogen fluoride
Languages : en
Pages : 16
Book Description
Soviet Radiochemistry
Author: Rare Earths
Author: Jacques LucasPublisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444627448
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 407
Book Description
High-technology and environmental applications of the rare-earth elements (REE) have grown dramatically in diversity and importance over the past four decades. This book provides a scientific understanding of rare earth properties and uses, present and future. It also points the way to efficient recycle of the rare earths in end-of-use products and efficient use of rare earths in new products. Scientists and students will appreciate the book's approach to the availability, structure and properties of rare earths and how they have led to myriad critical uses, present and future. Experts should buy this book to get an integrated picture of production and use (present and future) of rare earths and the science behind this picture. This book will prove valuable to.non-scientists as well in order to get an integrated picture of production and use of rare earths in the 21st Century, and the science behind this picture. Defines the chemical, physical and structural properties of rare earths. Gives the reader a basic understanding of what rare earths can do for us. Describes uses of each rare earth with chemical, physics, and structural explanations for the properties that underlie those uses. Allows the reader to understand how rare earths behave and why they are used in present applications and will be used in future applications. Explains to the reader where and how rare earths are found and produced and how they are best recycled to minimize environmental impact and energy and water consumption.
Ignition!
Author: John Drury ClarkPublisher: Rutgers University Press
ISBN: 0813599199
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 217
Book Description
This newly reissued debut book in the Rutgers University Press Classics Imprint is the story of the search for a rocket propellant which could be trusted to take man into space. This search was a hazardous enterprise carried out by rival labs who worked against the known laws of nature, with no guarantee of success or safety. Acclaimed scientist and sci-fi author John Drury Clark writes with irreverent and eyewitness immediacy about the development of the explosive fuels strong enough to negate the relentless restraints of gravity. The resulting volume is as much a memoir as a work of history, sharing a behind-the-scenes view of an enterprise which eventually took men to the moon, missiles to the planets, and satellites to outer space. A classic work in the history of science, and described as “a good book on rocket stuff…that’s a really fun one” by SpaceX founder Elon Musk, readers will want to get their hands on this influential classic, available for the first time in decades.
Synthesis of Lanthanide and Actinide Compounds
Author: G. MeyerPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401137587
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 377
Book Description