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Author: National Research Council and Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309176212 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 352
Book Description
This volume addresses the interface of two major national problems: the epidemic of HIV-AIDS and the widespread use of illegal injection drugs. Should communities have the option of giving drug users sterile needles or bleach for cleaning needs in order to reduce the spread of HIV? Does needle distribution worsen the drug problem, as opponents of such programs argue? Do they reduce the spread of other serious diseases, such as hepatitis? Do they result in more used needles being carelessly discarded in the community? The panel takes a critical look at the available data on needle exchange and bleach distribution programs, reaches conclusions about their efficacy, and offers concrete recommendations for public policy to reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS. The book includes current knowledge about the epidemiologies of HIV/AIDS and injection drug use; characteristics of needle exchange and bleach distribution programs and views on those programs from diverse community groups; and a discussion of laws designed to control possession of needles, their impact on needle sharing among injection drug users, and their implications for needle exchange programs.
Author: National Research Council and Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309176212 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 352
Book Description
This volume addresses the interface of two major national problems: the epidemic of HIV-AIDS and the widespread use of illegal injection drugs. Should communities have the option of giving drug users sterile needles or bleach for cleaning needs in order to reduce the spread of HIV? Does needle distribution worsen the drug problem, as opponents of such programs argue? Do they reduce the spread of other serious diseases, such as hepatitis? Do they result in more used needles being carelessly discarded in the community? The panel takes a critical look at the available data on needle exchange and bleach distribution programs, reaches conclusions about their efficacy, and offers concrete recommendations for public policy to reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS. The book includes current knowledge about the epidemiologies of HIV/AIDS and injection drug use; characteristics of needle exchange and bleach distribution programs and views on those programs from diverse community groups; and a discussion of laws designed to control possession of needles, their impact on needle sharing among injection drug users, and their implications for needle exchange programs.
Author: Barry S. Brown Publisher: Greenwood ISBN: Category : Health & Fitness Languages : en Pages : 622
Book Description
Intravenous drug users account for nearly one-third of the current AIDS cases in the United States--second only to gay males--and are responsible for 72 percent of female and 59 percent of pediatric cases of AIDS. Thus the National Institute of Drug Abuse launched a major effort in 1987 to locate hidden users and to see how they function and to evaluate strategies and community-based programs in 50 cities and 60 nearby communities around the country in order to lower risks to IV users and to reduce the dangers that they pose to others in the population. Brown and Beschner present the very latest findings and come to well-tested conclusions about how to change behaviors positively. This handbook is written for use in college, university, and professional libraries and for students, teachers, policymakers, and practitioners in public health service and in public policy at all governmental levels to study carefully. Brown and Beschner open with an introduction showing how injection drug users and their sexual partners are at risk for aids. Part I describes the spread of AIDS in the United States and Puerto Rico. Part II depicts patterns of injection drug and crack use and their effect on sex partners. Part III deals with gender issues. Part IV goes into demographic and background factors. Part V discusses key issues in the use of drug abuse treatment. Part VI analyzes outreach and behavior change strategies. And Part VI looks into how risk can be reduced as a result of outreach and specific intervention strategies. The final chapter comes to some conclusions about the effectiveness of various interventions by the National AIDS Demonstration Research Project. Background readings also add to the importance of this major reference.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309039762 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 606
Book Description
The AIDS virus is spread by human behaviors enacted in a variety of social situations. In order to prevent further infection, we need to know more about these behaviors. This volume explores what is known about the number of people infected, risk-associated behaviors, facilitation of behavioral change, and barriers to more effective prevention efforts.
Author: Manal Guirguis-Younger Publisher: University of Ottawa Press ISBN: 0776621483 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 331
Book Description
"Brings together leading and emerging researchers to advance understanding of the complex relationships between homelessness and health. Covering a wide range of topics from youth homelessness to end-of-life care, contributors outline policy and practice recommendations to respond to this public health crisis."--Back cover.
Author: Philippe I. Bourgois Publisher: Univ of California Press ISBN: 9780520230880 Category : Biography & Autobiography Languages : en Pages : 394
Book Description
Introduction: a theory of abuse -- Intimate apartheid -- Falling in love -- A community of addicted bodies -- Childhoods -- Making money -- Parenting -- Male love -- Everyday addicts -- Treatment -- Conclusion: critically applied public anthropology.
Author: Paul Shapshak Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030290220 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 671
Book Description
Global Virology, Volume III: Virology in the 21st Century examines work that has been undertaken, or is planned, in several fields of virology, in an effort to promote current and future work, research, and health. Fields and methods addressed include virology, immunology, space research, astrovirology/astrobiology, plasmids, swarm intelligence, bioinformatics, data-mining, machine learning, neural networks, critical equations, and advances in biohazard biocontainment. Novel and forward-looking methods, techniques, and approaches in research and development are presented by experts in the field.
Author: Irina Eramova Publisher: ISBN: Category : AIDS (Disease) Languages : en Pages : 540
Book Description
The WHO Regional Office for Europe has combined its 13 protocols on treatment of and care for people with HIV and AIDS in one volume. The protocols are the cornerstone of the strategic actions that WHO has taken as part of its contribution to achieving the goal of universal access to HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment, care and support services. The protocols were specifically developed for the entire WHO European Region. Together, they represent a comprehensive and evidence-based tool that offers health professionals clear and specific advice on diagnosing and managing a wide range of health issues related to HIV/AIDS for adults, adolescents and children, including antiretroviral treatment, the management of opportunistic infections, tuberculosis, hepatitis, injecting drug use, sexual and reproductive health, the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission, immunization, palliative care and post-exposure prophylaxis. [Ed.]
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309486483 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 175
Book Description
The opioid crisis in the United States has come about because of excessive use of these drugs for both legal and illicit purposes and unprecedented levels of consequent opioid use disorder (OUD). More than 2 million people in the United States are estimated to have OUD, which is caused by prolonged use of prescription opioids, heroin, or other illicit opioids. OUD is a life-threatening condition associated with a 20-fold greater risk of early death due to overdose, infectious diseases, trauma, and suicide. Mortality related to OUD continues to escalate as this public health crisis gathers momentum across the country, with opioid overdoses killing more than 47,000 people in 2017 in the United States. Efforts to date have made no real headway in stemming this crisis, in large part because tools that already existâ€"like evidence-based medicationsâ€"are not being deployed to maximum impact. To support the dissemination of accurate patient-focused information about treatments for addiction, and to help provide scientific solutions to the current opioid crisis, this report studies the evidence base on medication assisted treatment (MAT) for OUD. It examines available evidence on the range of parameters and circumstances in which MAT can be effectively delivered and identifies additional research needed.
Author: National Research Council and Institute of Medicine
Author: National Research Council and Institute of Medicine
Author: Barry S. Brown
Author: National Research Council
Author: Manal Guirguis-Younger
Author: Philippe I. Bourgois
Author: Paul Shapshak
Author: Irina Eramova
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: 
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