Does Fiscal Decentralisation Strengthen Social Capital? PDF Download

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Languages : en
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Author: International Monetary Fund
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
ISBN: 9781451855104
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 30

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Countries where social and political institutions stimulate interpersonal trust, civic cooperation, and social cohesiveness tend to have more efficient governments, better governance systems, and faster growth. This paper provides cross-country evidence, based on a sample of developing and developed countries, that fiscal decentralization—the assignment of expenditure functions and revenue sources to lower levels of government—can boost social capital and therefore be integrated into second-generation reforms.

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Languages : en
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Author: Luiz R. de Mello
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN:
Category : Central-local government relations
Languages : en
Pages : 36

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Author: Cornelia Baciu
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3640606116
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 24

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Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject Politics - Methods, Research, grade: 1,3, University of Constance (Fachbereich Politik- und Verwaltungswissenschaft), course: Kulturelle und politische Grundlagen sozialen Kapitals im Vergleich, language: English, abstract: Switzerland is recognized for its high level of direct democracy, citizens having the chance to participate directly in the process of decision making of public policies, to intend law initiatives, to amend ordinary laws or the Constitution, to submit referendums. Switzerland enjoys a strong federalism, with high degrees of decentralization at each of three federal levels. A high degree of political decentralization can boost social capital. I intend in this Hausarbeit to observe if the level political decentralization in Switzerland is increasing the social capital, defined in terms of generalized trust, civic cooperation and social cohesiveness.

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Languages : en
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The International Monetary Fund (IMF) presents the full text of an article entitled "Can Fiscal Decentralization Strengthen Social Capital?" by Luiz de Mello and published July 2000. The article discusses how fiscal decentralization, the assignment of expenditure function and revenue sources to lower levels of government, can boost social capital and therefore be integrated into second-generation reforms.

Author: Mr.Niko A Hobdari
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1484358260
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 63

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Fiscal decentralization is becoming a pressing issue in a number of countries in sub-Saharan Africa, reflecting demands for a greater local voice in spending decisions and efforts to strengthen social cohesion. Against this backdrop, this paper seeks to distill the lessons for an effective fiscal decentralization reform, focusing on the macroeconomic aspects. The main findings for sub-Saharan African countries that have decentralized, based on an empirical analysis and four case studies (Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa, Uganda), are as follows: • Determinants and effectiveness: Empirical results suggest that (1) the major driving forces behind fiscal decentralization in sub-Saharan Africa include efforts to defuse ethnic conflicts, the initial level of income, and the urban-ization rate, whereas strength of democracy is not an important determi-nant for decentralization; and (2) decentralization in sub-Saharan Africa is associated with higher growth in the presence of stronger institutions. • Spending assignments: The allocation of spending across levels of gov-ernment in the four case studies is broadly consistent with best practice. However, in Uganda, unlike in the other three case studies, subnational governments have little flexibility to make spending decisions as a result of a deconcentrated rather than a devolved system of government. • Own revenue: The assignment of taxing powers is broadly in line with best practice in the four case studies, with the bulk of subnational revenue coming from property taxes and from fees for local services. However, own revenues are a very small fraction of subnational spending, reflecting weak cadaster systems and a high level of informality in the economy.

Author: Maximilian Schellen
Publisher:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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The study at hand gives a new approach for explaining the existence of shadow economy by forming a regression model with the size of shadow economy as a dependent variable and indicators of social capital and fiscal decentralization as independent variables. For shadow economy data, MIMIC model results from Friedrich Schneider et al. were used, whereas the World Values Survey and the European Values Study delivered data on social capital. Fiscal decentralization was described with government finance statistics from the IWF. Methodically, the model bases on an OLS regression including several indicators for social capital and fiscal decentralization and also interaction terms between these two. Results show that the influence of social capital is of a mixed nature: whereas the membership in some organizations has a positive effect on the existence of shadow economy, other organizations are more likely to have a negative impact. Trust as an important indicator seems to have a negative relation to shadow economy, in general. Furthermore, fiscal decentralization appears to enforce a generally positive effect of memberships on the shadow economy, whereas the negative influence on trust increases with fiscal decentralization.

Author: Roy Bahl
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1786435306
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 430

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This book draws on experiences in developing countries to bridge the gap between the conventional textbook treatment of fiscal decentralization and the actual practice of subnational government finance. The extensive literature about the theory and practice is surveyed and longstanding problems and new questions are addressed. It focuses on the key choices that must be made in decentralizing, on how economic and political factors shape the choices that countries make, and on how, by paying more attention to the need for a more comprehensive approach and the critical connections between different components of decentralization reform, everyone involved might get more for their money.

Author: Partha Dasgupta
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 9780821350041
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 438

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This book contains a number of papers presented at a workshop organised by the World Bank in 1997 on the theme of 'Social Capital: Integrating the Economist's and the Sociologist's Perspectives'. The concept of 'social capital' is considered through a number of theoretical and empirical studies which discuss its analytical foundations, as well as institutional and statistical analyses of the concept. It includes the classic 1987 article by the late James Coleman, 'Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital', which formed the basis for the development of social capital as an organising concept in the social sciences.