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Author: Cynthia Hong-Wa Publisher: ISBN: Category : Biodiversity Languages : en Pages : 183
Book Description
The long-isolated island of Madagascar provides a suitable setting for studying species diversification, with most groups of organisms there both radiating and showing a high level of endemism. Noronhia is one of these groups and represents the most successful radiation of the olive family (Oleaceae) in Madagascar, with ca. 80 species. In this study, using plastid and nuclear DNA sequences obtained from a comprehensive sampling both within Noronhia and the family, I show that Noronhia, together with Indian Ocean species of Chionanthus, form a monophyletic clade sister to African Chionanthus. The diversification of Noronhia followed a likely Cenozoic dispersal from Africa. Within Noronhia, phylogenetic relationships are mostly unresolved despite the species showing considerable ecological and phenotypic diversity. In most cases, analyses of bioclimatic, molecular and morphological data, interpreted in phylogenetic and geographic contexts, show support for my initial species hypotheses and offer new insights into species boundaries. Morphological data provide the strongest support while bioclimatic ones are the least informative, suggesting that the broad-scale variation in bioclimatic data does not adequately capture the ecological processes driving the diversification of this genus. However, attempts to understand spatial patterns of richness and coexistence among species of Noronhia show that mountainous areas in the island harbor the highest concentrations of species and the highest endemism. Habitat heterogeneity likely explains how diversity is promoted and maintained in these topographically complex regions. Furthermore, analyses focused on a smaller spatial scale, the Montagne d'Ambre massif, again indicate that habitat heterogeneity plays an important role. Different groups of species grow in different habitats on the mountain, suggesting environmental filtering associated with rainfall and soil nutrient gradients. Overall, the integrative approach applied in this study highlights the importance of using different kinds of data analyzed at various scales to understand species diversification.
Author: Cynthia Hong-Wa Publisher: ISBN: Category : Biodiversity Languages : en Pages : 183
Book Description
The long-isolated island of Madagascar provides a suitable setting for studying species diversification, with most groups of organisms there both radiating and showing a high level of endemism. Noronhia is one of these groups and represents the most successful radiation of the olive family (Oleaceae) in Madagascar, with ca. 80 species. In this study, using plastid and nuclear DNA sequences obtained from a comprehensive sampling both within Noronhia and the family, I show that Noronhia, together with Indian Ocean species of Chionanthus, form a monophyletic clade sister to African Chionanthus. The diversification of Noronhia followed a likely Cenozoic dispersal from Africa. Within Noronhia, phylogenetic relationships are mostly unresolved despite the species showing considerable ecological and phenotypic diversity. In most cases, analyses of bioclimatic, molecular and morphological data, interpreted in phylogenetic and geographic contexts, show support for my initial species hypotheses and offer new insights into species boundaries. Morphological data provide the strongest support while bioclimatic ones are the least informative, suggesting that the broad-scale variation in bioclimatic data does not adequately capture the ecological processes driving the diversification of this genus. However, attempts to understand spatial patterns of richness and coexistence among species of Noronhia show that mountainous areas in the island harbor the highest concentrations of species and the highest endemism. Habitat heterogeneity likely explains how diversity is promoted and maintained in these topographically complex regions. Furthermore, analyses focused on a smaller spatial scale, the Montagne d'Ambre massif, again indicate that habitat heterogeneity plays an important role. Different groups of species grow in different habitats on the mountain, suggesting environmental filtering associated with rainfall and soil nutrient gradients. Overall, the integrative approach applied in this study highlights the importance of using different kinds of data analyzed at various scales to understand species diversification.
Author: Jean-Christophe Vié Publisher: IUCN ISBN: 2831710634 Category : Biodiversity conservation Languages : en Pages : 184
Book Description
"Wildlife in a Changing World" presents an analysis of the 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Beginning with an explanation of the IUCN Red List as a key conservation tool, it goes on to discuss the state of the world s species and provides the latest information on the patterns of species facing extinction in some of the most important ecosystems in the world, highlighting the reasons behind their declining status. Areas of focus in the report include: freshwater biodiversity, the status of the world s marine species, species susceptibility to climate change impacts, the Mediterranean biodiversity hot spot, and broadening the coverage of biodiversity assessments."
Author: Jingyun Fang Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642150179 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 2018
Book Description
"Atlas of Woody Plants in China: Distribution and Climate” documents the spatially-explicit county-level distribution of all 11,405 woody plants in China, together with life form information for most species. It also provides climate information for each species, with the county-level average and range of 12 climatic indices and of vegetation net primary productivity. It is the first and largest comprehensive atlas in the world for the distribution of China’s plants and was compiled on the basis of almost all related literature published throughout China. The atlas should serve as an indispensable handbook for all those who are interested in the plants, ecology, geography, environment, horticulture, and silviculture of China and East Asia. Dr. Jingyun Fang is a Cheung Kong Professor at the Department of Ecology, Peking University, China. Dr. Zhiheng Wang and Dr. Zhiyao Tang are both ecologists working at the same institute.
Author: Committee on Managing Global Genetic Resources: Agricultural Imperatives Publisher: Haworth Press ISBN: 9780309043908 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 196
Book Description
In the United States, the critical task of preserving our plant genetic resources is the responsibility of the National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS). NPGS undergoes a thorough analysis in this book, which offers wide-ranging recommendations for equipping the agency to better meet U.S. needsâ€"and lead international conservation efforts. The book outlines the importance and status of plant genetic conservation and evaluates NPGS's multifaceted operations. Two options for revamping NPGS within the U.S. Department of Agriculture are included.
Author: Klaus Kubitzki Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3540322191 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 520
Book Description
In this volume treatments are offered for 52 families containing 432 genera belonging to 13 eudicot orders, many of which have recently been newly designed; four families remain unassigned to order. Emphasis is on the early-diverging eudicots and basal core eudicots. The wealth of information contained in this volume will make it an important source of reference for both the scholar and the practitioner in the fields of pure and applied plant sciences.
Author: Ajit Varma Publisher: Springer ISBN: 331953064X Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 400
Book Description
This is the fourth updated and revised edition of a well-received book that emphasises on fungal diversity, plant productivity and sustainability. It contains new chapters written by leading experts in the field. This book is an up-to-date overview of current progress in mycorrhiza and association with plant productivity and environmental sustainability. The result is a must hands-on guide, ideally suited for agri-biotechnology, soil biology, fungal biology including mycorrrhiza and stress management, academia and researchers. The topic of this book is particularly relevant to researchers involved in mycorrhiza, especially to food security and environmental protection. Mycorrhizas are symbioses between fungi and the roots of higher plants. As more than 90% of all known species of plants have the potential to form mycorrhizal associations, the productivity and species composition and the diversity of natural ecosystems are frequently dependent upon the presence and activity of mycorrhizas. The biotechnological application of mycorrhizas is expected to promote the production of food while maintaining ecologically and economically sustainable production systems.
Author: Ajit Varma Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319688677 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 540
Book Description
This is the fourth updated and revised edition of a well-received book that emphasises on fungal diversity, plant productivity and sustainability. It contains new chapters written by leading experts in the field. This book is an up-to-date overview of current progress in mycorrhiza and association with plant productivity and environmental sustainability. The result is a must hands-on guide, ideally suited for agri-biotechnology, soil biology, fungal biology including mycorrrhiza and stress management, academia and researchers. The topic of this book is particularly relevant to researchers involved in mycorrhiza, especially to food security, plant microbe interaction and environmental protection. Mycorrhizas are symbioses between fungi and the roots of higher plants. As more than 90% of all known species of plants have the potential to form mycorrhizal associations, the productivity and species composition and the diversity of natural ecosystems are frequently dependent upon the presence and activity of mycorrhizas. The biotechnological application of mycorrhizas is expected to promote the production of food while maintaining ecologically and economically sustainable production systems.
Author: Bhoopander Giri Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319759108 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 519
Book Description
The book ‘Root Biology’ written by experts in the field, covers latest research on cellular, genetic, physiological and ecological developmental facets of root growth as well as the interaction of root with an array of microbes whether for the establishment of symbiosis, increasing plant growth or protecting plant from pathogens/attackers. Plant roots provide an excellent model to study physiological, developmental and metabolic processes at a system level. Root system architecture - an excellent creation of nature, is closely interconnected with the availability of soil nutrients. Several strategies including biotechnological interventions are gaining interest and importance for sustainable food production and enhanced resource acquisition. Such strategies have largely focused on root traits for efficient utilization of soil resources. The biotechnological application of root biology is expected to promote the production of food while maintaining ecologically and economically sustainable production systems. With a fortune of information on technical and experimental aspects useful in the laboratory, this extensive book is a valuable resource for researchers, academician and students in the broad field of microbiology, plant and fungal biology.
Author: Royal Entomological Society of London Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 462
Book Description
Systematics. Populations and communities. The food of butterflies. Predation and defense. Genetic variation and speciation. Sex and communication. Migration and seasonal variation. Conservation.
Author: Cynthia Hong-Wa
Author: Cynthia Hong-Wa
Author: Jean-Christophe Vié
Author: T. R. New
Author: Jingyun Fang
Author: Committee on Managing Global Genetic Resources: Agricultural Imperatives
Author: Klaus Kubitzki
Author: Ajit Varma
Author: Ajit Varma
Author: Bhoopander Giri
Author: Royal Entomological Society of London