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Author: Karalyn Patterson Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 9781138091177 Category : Languages : en Pages : 596
Book Description
A child with developmental dyslexia or an adult with a reading disorder following brain damage might read the word shoe as 'show', why does this happen? Most current information processing models of reading distinguish between two alternative procedures for the pronunciation of a printed word. The difference between these concerns the level at which orthography is translated to phonology in one, the word-level procedure, a word is read aloud with reference to knowledge specific to that whole word. In the other, the sub-word-level procedure, a printed word is pronounced with reference to knowledge about smaller segments which occur in many different words. Both procedures contribute to normal skilled reading and its acquisition. But if one of the procedures is disrupted, then oral reading will be forced to rely on the alternative routine. Surface dyslexia is a general label for any disorder of reading which results from inadequate functioning of the word-level procedure and in consequence abnormal reliance on sub-word level translation from orthography to phonology. Originally published in 1985, this book provides new evidence about the diverse manifestations of surface dyslexia in adult neurological patients and in children with developmental disorders of reading. The data are drawn from speakers of a range of languages with distinct orthographies. Process models for the pronunciation of print are elaborated, and an appendix gives neurological information on the patients reported.
Author: Karalyn Patterson Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 9781138091177 Category : Languages : en Pages : 596
Book Description
A child with developmental dyslexia or an adult with a reading disorder following brain damage might read the word shoe as 'show', why does this happen? Most current information processing models of reading distinguish between two alternative procedures for the pronunciation of a printed word. The difference between these concerns the level at which orthography is translated to phonology in one, the word-level procedure, a word is read aloud with reference to knowledge specific to that whole word. In the other, the sub-word-level procedure, a printed word is pronounced with reference to knowledge about smaller segments which occur in many different words. Both procedures contribute to normal skilled reading and its acquisition. But if one of the procedures is disrupted, then oral reading will be forced to rely on the alternative routine. Surface dyslexia is a general label for any disorder of reading which results from inadequate functioning of the word-level procedure and in consequence abnormal reliance on sub-word level translation from orthography to phonology. Originally published in 1985, this book provides new evidence about the diverse manifestations of surface dyslexia in adult neurological patients and in children with developmental disorders of reading. The data are drawn from speakers of a range of languages with distinct orthographies. Process models for the pronunciation of print are elaborated, and an appendix gives neurological information on the patients reported.
Author: World Bank Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 0821385631 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 114
Book Description
This report provides the most comprehensive and rigorous analysis of Iraqi income and expenditure in several decades. The report makes extensive use of the Iraq Household Socio-Economic Survey, the first nationwide income and expenditure survey since 1988. IHSES data is complemented income and expenditure data from a wide range of other measures of living standards, allowing us to analyze living standards in a holistic way. The analysis presented here was performed with two main goals first, to inform the Government s Poverty Reduction Strategy; and second, to serve as a baseline for future assessments of changes in living standards and the identification of critical issues for deeper examination. Iraqi living standards have two unusual characteristics. First, they have fallen over the past generation. Second, they feature surprisingly little inequality. These characteristics are both rooted in Iraq s recent history of authoritarian government, war, military occupation, insurgency, and civil strife leading to infrastructure destruction and population displacement. There have been few opportunities for individuals to prosper from professional or entrepreneurial activities. Decades of neglected investment have resulted in deterioration of social services and economic infrastructure. Consequently, individuals have lacked capabilities to prosper and an investment climate conducive to prosperity. School enrollment and life expectancy have declined. Extremely low returns to education reflect the combination of poor educational quality and lack of employment opportunities. In terms of economic infrastructure, access to reliable electricity and water, and even access to paved roads are low, are further reflections of decades of neglect. While the upper end of the distribution has been pulled down by a lack of opportunities, the lower end has been supported by direct government provision of food. The Public Distribution System (PDS) provides 85 percent of food needs. While PDS has been useful as a safety net for the poor and the vulnerable, the system is expensive, inefficient, and fiscally risky. Indeed, PDS food rations account for a far greater share of public spending than does education or health. Going forward, Iraq faces two main challenges. First, although Iraq does not have to develop from scratch, it faces a formidable challenge in re-development. Second, a shift by the Government is required from direct provision of basic subsistence toward investment in human capacities. The Government can provide an enabling environment through investments in economic infrastructure and services to business and citizens, thus allowing the population to make productive use of education and their own labor. Both challenges are now being taken up by the Poverty Reduction Strategy, which articulates a detailed set of required actions and outlines priorities for government spending.
Author: Christine Parent Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 354030326X Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 475
Book Description
From environmental management to land planning and geo-marketing, the number of application domains that may greatly benefit from using data enriched with spatio-temporal features is expanding very rapidly. This book shows that a conceptual design approach for spatio-temporal databases is both feasible and easy to apprehend. While providing a firm basis through extensive discussion of traditional data modeling concepts, the major focus of the book is on modeling spatial and temporal information.
Author: Jean-Pierre Walch Publisher: De Boeck Superieur ISBN: 235327384X Category : Languages : fr Pages : 82
Book Description
Le programme ARVA-E est un outil pratique dédié à la rééducation des troubles spécifiques des apprentissages. Ce matériel développe les connaissances lexicales et orthographiques des enfants dyslexiques-dysorthographiques en améliorant le traitement visuel multilettres. Décliné en trois parties, le programme ARVA-E améliore : la prise d'indices visuels en siutation de recherche attentionnelle d'une information pertinente ; la qualité de la distribution de l'attention visuelle sur des séries de lettres ; l'utilisation des compétences visuo-orthographiques dans une situation d'auto-apprentissage.
Book Description
Résolument pratique, cet ouvrage revu et augmenté, ici dans sa version numérique, participe aux efforts multiples et convergents qui œuvrent pour mieux venir en aide aux enfants " dys ". Relayée par une importante médiatisation, la connaissance par le grand public de l'existence de pathologies dites " dys " s'est faite d'une manière extrêmement rapide ces 10 dernières années. À tel point qu'enseignants et soignants semblent dépassés par des familles toujours plus nombreuses à solliciter une reconnaisse de " dys " pour leur enfant en vue d'une prise en charge. Or tout élève en situation de difficulté ou d'échec scolaire n'est pas forcément " dys ". A contrario, beaucoup de ceux qui satisfont aux critères de " dys " ne sont pas toujours reconnus comme tels et donc aidés efficacement. Les enseignants qui sont les premiers à faire ces constats ont donc besoin de repères clairs pour identifier ces enfants " dys ", en délicatesse avec l'école, alors que ni leur intelligence, ni leur bonne volonté, ni leur contexte de vie, ne peuvent l'expliquer. Comprendre les défaillances cognitives, les défauts du traitement des informations par le cerveau, savoir repérer a minima le mécanisme expliquant un ou des troubles persistants des apprentissages permet de se poser les bonnes questions au bon moment et de tenter d'adapter sa pédagogie : À qui référer cet élève ? Quelle aide ciblée lui apporter ? Jusqu'à quand ? etc. Cet ouvrage vise à donner aux enseignants des repères clairs pour identifier ces enfants " dys " sans qu'il soit question pour eux de se substituer aux professionnelsqui les prennent en charge. Parce que les pathologies " dys " réclament plus que de la simple bonne volonté ou la mise en œuvre de " recettes " particulières, le but est d'arriver à un partage d'informations utiles entre spécialistes de la pédagogie et spécialistes des troubles du développement cognitif, en étroite collaboration avec les familles.
Book Description
Cet ouvrage – qui couvre la période de l'enfance à l'âge adulte – propose une synthèse des recherches actuelles sur les dyslexies-dysorthographies. Il aborde également les conséquences scolaires et psychoaffectives de ces troubles. Unique en son genre, il présente des sujets peu abordés dans les écrits, mais essentiels à une bonne compréhension de ces troubles d’apprentissage de la lecture et de l’orthographe qui peuvent entraîner de faibles compétences en langage écrit. Une clientèle en émergence, soit celle des étudiants universitaires, est de plus en plus touchée par cette réalité, et un chapitre lui est entièrement consacré.
Author: Claire Grand Publisher: Editions L'Harmattan ISBN: 2140035895 Category : Psychology Languages : fr Pages : 142
Book Description
Les troubles des apprentissages (dyslexie, dysphasie, dyspraxie...) sont fréquents, mais, si le sujet est à la mode, il reste encore trop peu connu. Chacun s'accorde à dire qu'il faut différencier le travail, adapter la pédagogie aux spécificités des élèves à besoins particuliers, mais peu d'enseignants sont réellement à l'aise pour prendre en charge ces élèves. Ce petit guide a donc pour but de dispenser ces connaissances de base, de façon simple, rapide et pratique.
Author: Gavin Reid Publisher: Editions Tom Pousse ISBN: 2353450687 Category : Education Languages : fr Pages : 21
Book Description
Les enfants atteints de dyslexie représenteraient environ un quart des élèves présentant des difficultés en lecture. Le retard scolaire intervenant très vite, il est indispensable que ces enfants soient dépistés et pris en charge dès le début du primaire afin de recevoir des services d’orthopédagogie. Ce livre clair et pratique facilite le dépistage et fournit aux parents et aux enseignants d’excellentes techniques pour soutenir l’apprentissage de la lecture, de l’écriture et des compétences en matière de communication. (Plus de 10 000 exemplaires vendus)
Author: Françoise Bois Parriaud Publisher: ISBN: 9782362350504 Category : Languages : fr Pages : 249
Book Description
Sous forme de fiches pratiques, cet ouvrage rassemble de nombreux exercices de difficulté progressive destinés à travailler l'attention visuelle sur un matériel écrit dans le cadre de troubles du langage écrit ou attentionnel. --[Memento].
Author: Karalyn Patterson
Author: Karalyn Patterson
Author: World Bank
Author: Christine Parent
Author: Great Britain: Department for Education
Author: Jean-Pierre Walch
Author: Alain Pouhet
Author: Brigitte Sanké
Author: Claire Grand
Author: Gavin Reid
Author: Françoise Bois Parriaud