Author: Rex Dale WiegandPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 166
Book Description
Dietary Regulation of Fatty Acid Synthetase and Microsomal Glycerophosphate Acyltransferase Activities in Rat Liver
Author: Rex Dale WiegandEnzymatic Acylation of L-α-glycerophosphate in Rat Liver
Author: Hussein Mohamed Abou-IssaPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acylation
Languages : en
Pages : 320
Book Description
Effects of Dietary Heated Fats and Cyclic Fatty Acid Monomers on Rat Liver Enzyme Activity
Author: Courdjo LamboniPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of dietary heated fats from a commercial deep-fat frying operation and of cyclic fatty acids (CFA) on rat liver enzyme activity. The fats were partially hydrogenated soybean oil (PHSBO) used 4 days (4-MH) and 7 days (7-DH) for frying foodstuffs. Balanced diets containing these used fats were fed to rats for 10 weeks. In a second experiment, rats were pair-fed diets containing graded doses of 7-DH. In a third, 0.15% CFA diet was fed to animals. In a fourth, rats were pair-fed diet containing the 7-DH treated (T-7DH) with magnesium silicate which removes some polymers from the used oil. All four sets of experiments were conducted with control rats fed non-heated PHSBO (NH) diet. All diets were isocaloric with 15% fat. Animals fed 7-DH diet either ad libitum or by pair-feeding, showed significant increased contents of cytochromes P$sb{450}$ and b$sb5$ as well as increased activity of (EC 1.6.2.4) NADPH-cytochrome P$sb{450}$ reductase when compared to controls. The 4-MH diet group showed the same trends for cytochromes contents and reductase activity in comparison to controls. Similar results were obtained with CFA diet. The activities of (EC 2.3.1.21) carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I; (EC 1.1.1.42) isocitrate dehydrogenase; were significantly decreased in each case either ad libitum or by pair-feeding in comparison to controls. Significantly depressed activity of (EC 1.1.1.49) glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase was also noticed for these animals when compared to NH. Similar results were recorded when fed CFA diet to rats. In addition, liver and microsomal protein were significantly increased when the used oils were fed to rats either ad libitum or by pair-feeding in comparison to NH. Enlarged and fatty livers were noted. Similar results were obtained when fed CFA diet. Liver glycogen was significantly decreased when fed the used oils or CFA diets in comparison to controls. However, when animals were fed T-7DH diet, the activities of the enzymes were significantly improved.
Regulation of Fatty Acid and Glycerolipid Metabolism
Author: Raymond DilsPublisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483148769
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 129
Book Description
Regulation of Fatty Acid and Glycerolipid Metabolism is a compilation of papers presented during the 11th Meeting of the Federation of European Biochemical Societies in Copenhagen in 1977. The book deals with the regulation of enzyme activity and the turnover that results from fatty acid metabolism, lipid metabolism in membranes, and disturbed fatty acid metabolism. One study presented in the book shows that cellular fatty acid synthetase levels are significantly decreased by different medium and long chain fatty acids in Candida lypolytica, a kind of yeast. The book also examines the serious incidence of increase in the rate of conversion of glucose to fatty acids when white adipose tissues from rats are exposed to insulin. The selection addresses this increase as an important example of acute hormonal regulation of fatty acid synthesis in mammalian tissues. The text also describes the enzyme adaptation to nutritional and hormonal changes and the role of lipids in membrane fusion. The book presents other studies regarding the incidence of vascular, dietary, and congenital factors on fatty acid metabolism in adipose tissue and liver that are conducted in rats. Another study suggests that hyperinsulinemia is a key factor in the development of the obesity syndrome. Microbiologists, microchemists, and laboratory researchers and scientists dealing with fat metabolism will appreciate this book.
Regulation of Fatty Acid and Glycerolipid Metabolism
Author: Federation of European Biochemical SocietiesPublisher: Pergamon
ISBN: 9780080226279
Category : Biochemistry
Languages : en
Pages : 136
Book Description
Intestinal Lipid Metabolism
Author: Charles M. MansbachPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780306462412
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 464
Book Description
This book was stimulated by the enthusiasm shown by attendees at the meetings in Saxon River, VT, sponsored by the Federation ofAmerican Societies for Experimental Biology (FASEB), on the subject of the intestinal processing of lipids. When these meetings were first started in 1990, the original organizers, two of whom are editors ofthis volume (CMM and PT), had two major goals. The first was to bring together a diverse group ofinvestiga tors who had the common goal of gaining a better understanding of how the intestine ab sorbs lipids. The second was to stimulate the interest of younger individuals whom we wished to recruit into what we believed was an exciting and fruitful area ofresearch. Since that time, the field has opened up considerably with new questions being asked and new an swers obtained, suggesting that our original goals for the meetings were being met. In the same spirit, it occurred to us that there has not been a recentbook that draws to gethermuch ofthe informationavailableconcerninghow the intestineprocesses lipids. This book is intended to reach investigators with an interest in this area and their pre- and post doctoral students. The chapters are written by individuals who have a long-term interest in the areas about which they write, and many have been speakers at the subsequent FASEB conferences that have followed on the first.
Gastroenterology Abstracts and Citations
Author: Advances in Nutritional Research
Author: H. DraperPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461399378
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 263
Book Description
Volume 5 of Advances in Nutritional Research reflects a strong current interest in the relationship between nutrition and disease. The impact of disease on nutritional status is described for hepatic encephalopathy and cancer and for several ailments of hospitalized children. The impact of nutrition on disease is illustrated using the examples of retinol in tumorigenesis, vitamins A and E in inflammatory lung disease, fatty acids in atherogenesis and obesity, and folate in megaloblastic anemia. The contents will be of particular interest to clinicians and to students of nutritional biochemistry. vii Contents Chapter 1. Nutritional Management of Hepatic Encephalopathy ... Robert H. Bower and Josef E. Fischer 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2. The Nature of Hepatic Encephalopathy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2.1. The Ammonia Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2.2. The Amino Acid Neurotransmitter Concept. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3. Nutritional Support in Hepatic Insufficiency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3. 1. Therapeutic Implications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.2. Therapeutic Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 4. Experiments in Animals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 5. Experience with Patients in Hepatic Encephalopathy . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 5.1. Acute Hepatic Encephalopathy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 5.2. Chronic Hepatic Encephalopathy........................ 9 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Chapter 2. Cellular Retinol-and Retinoic Acid-Binding Proteins... 13 Frank Chytil and David E. Ong 1 . Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2. Cellular Retinol-and Retinoic Acid-Binding Proteins . . . . . . . . . . 13 . 2.1. Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2. Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 . . . . . . . . . . . 3. Binding Proteins in Cultured Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 . . . . . . . 4. Binding Proteins in Tumors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 . . . . . . . . . 4.1. Binding Proteins in Experimental Tumors . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 . . . 4.2. Binding Proteins in Human Tumors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix x Contents Chapter 3. Nutrition and 3-Methylindole-lnduced Lung Injury . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clinical and Scientific Aspects of the Regulation of Metabolism
Author: Margaret AshwellPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Metabolism
Languages : en
Pages : 296
Book Description
Author: