Development of Single Nanoparticle Electrochemistry as a Tool to Understanding Nanoparticles and Solution Properties PDF Download

Author: En Ning Saw
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Comprehension
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Yunshan Fan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electrochemistry
Languages : en
Pages : 190

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This dissertation presents the development and application of new experimental tools and methods for studying single-entity (such as nanoparticles, molecules, and nanobubbles) electrochemistry. Compared to traditional ensemble methods, the ability to probe electrochemical properties and processes of single entities enables one to remove ensemble averaging in understanding their intrinsic heterogeneitiy at the electrochemical interface. Chapter 1 introduces advanced nanoelectrodes in nanoscale electroanalytical chemistry, single-nanoparticle electrochemistry, and single-molecule electrochemistry. Chapter 2 and 3 discuss the development of a unique electrochemical nanocell for imaging single nanoparticles and single molecules. Chapter 2 focuses on studying the dynamic collision and oxidation process of single silver nanoparticles at the electrode/solution interface. Chapter 3 discusses using the electrochemical nanocell and fluorescence to detect single redox molecules. We believe that the use of a nanocell and single molecule/nanoparticle fluorescence microscopy can be extended to other systems to yield highly dynamic information about the electrochemical interface. Chapter 4 demonstrates the direct study of Faradaic processes of single freely diffusing redox molecules on an indium-tin oxide (ITO) electrode coated with mesoporous silica. The use of electrodeposited mesoporous silica reduced the rate of diffusion of fluorogenic redox molecules enabling real-time imaging of single redox events with total-internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy. Chapter 5 describes the use of fluorescence microscopy to image the dynamic nucleation and growth of single hydrogen nanobubbles at the electrode/solution interface during electrochemical water splitting. This method is based upon a single-molecule labeling process and it allows us to compare electrocatalytic activity of different electrode materials toward hydrogen evolution reaction.

Author: Richard C. Alkire
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527340963
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 432

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Volume XVII in the "Advances in Electrochemical Science and Engineering" series, this monograph covers progress in this rapidly developing field with a particular emphasis on important applications, including spectroscopy, medicinal chemistry and analytical chemistry. As such it covers nanopatterned and nanoparticle-modified electrodes for analytical detection, surface spectroscopy, electrocatalysis and a fundamental understanding of the relation between the electrode structure and its function. Written by a group of international experts, this is a valuable resource for researchers working in such fields as electrochemistry, materials science, spectroscopy, analytical and medicinal chemistry.

Author: Weilin Xu
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527343296
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 302

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Introduces the detailed basis and recent development of single molecule/particle nanocatalysis based on single molecule techniques This unique book introduces and summarizes the recent development of single molecule/particle nanocatalysis to provide both comprehensive coverage of fundamentals for different methods now in widespread use and the extensive applications in different catalytic systems. Chapters are mainly based on different detection methods, including single molecule fluorescence microscopy, surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, X-ray microscopy, and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy. The book also includes numerous basic principles of different methods and application examples and features illustrations that help clarify presentations. Single Particle Nanocatalysis: Fundamentals and Applications starts with the history and development of single molecule techniques for nanocatalysis. It then shows readers how single molecule fluorescence microscopy (SMFM) reveals catalytic kinetics and dynamics of individual nanocatalysts. Next, it examines traditional SMFM-based single molecule nanocatalysis without super-resolution (SR) imaging, before moving on to the topic of SMFM-based SR imaging in single molecule nanocatalysis. Following chapters cover scanning electrochemical microscopy for single particle nanocatalysis; surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy for single particle nanocatalysis/reactions; X-ray-based microscopy of single-particle nanocatalysis; and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for single particle nanocatalysis. The book finishes by introducing some less-practiced techniques for single particle nanocatalysis/electrochemistry. -Presents a systematical and complete introduction to the subject of single particle nanocatalysis?covering all of its fundamentals and applications -Helps readers fully understand the basis, role, and recent development of single molecule nanocatalysis -Teaches researchers how to gain new knowledge to successfully conduct their own studies within this rapidly increasing new area of research Single Particle Nanocatalysis: Fundamentals and Applications is an excellent reference book for experts in this area as well as for general researchers who want to learn how to study nanocatalysis at single molecule/particle level.

Author: Mathieu Etienne
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 1849734011
Category : Reference
Languages : en
Pages : 245

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Reflecting the growing volume of published work in this field, researchers will find this book an invaluable source of information on current methods and applications.

Author: Stephen J. Percival
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 244

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This dissertation mainly discusses the fundamental properties and electrocatalytic activity of single, isolated nanomaterial structures, such as nanowires, nanoparticles and graphene. It also discusses the development of new nanoscale electrochemical techniques to investigate various aspects of heterogeneous catalysis and single cell analysis. There is a brief introduction about the nature of electrochemistry and electrochemical catalysts as well as some various nanomaterials and voltammetric techniques involved in this work. The fabrication and of new ultralong metal nanowires made from platinum or gold through a laser assisted mechanical pulling procedure is discussed in chapter 2. Single platinum nanowires of this type are then used to study the Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) on nanowires with various diameters in Chapter 3. The catalytic activities of several different nanoparticles are studied in Chapters 4 and 5 using the technique of Fast Scan Cyclic Voltammetry (FSCV), where detailed chemical information can be obtained from nanoparticle collision events by recording single nanoparticle Cyclic Voltammograms (CVs) for the oxidation of hydrazine. Combined with numerical simulations, the single nanoparticle CVs allow for the determination of the electron transfer kinetics and the Gibbs free energy of activation for hydrazine oxidation. These combined methods can be a powerful tool in many aspects of fundamental catalytic research. Chapter 6 details the phenomena of fast formation and growth of platinum oxide at low anodic potentials using platinum nanoelectrodes as model nanoparticle electrocatalysts. Chapter 7 discusses the technique of Fluorescence Enabled Electrochemical Microscopy (FEEM) and its application towards heterogeneous electrocatalyst screening, where a fluorogenic reaction is monitored at one side of an array of closed bipolar electrodes, which is coupled to a reaction occurring at the same region on the other side of the array. Chapter 8 is a study of the electrocatalytic activity of single graphene sheets with different numbers of layers for the ORR. The testing of recessed ring disk electrodes for the purpose of molecular scavenging during single cell exocytosis experiments is presented in Chapter 9 and chapter 10 describes the design and fabrication of two different Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) chip based electrodes for the goal of in-situ TEM experiments.

Author: Alexandru Grumezescu
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128043725
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 928

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Nanobiosensors: Nanotechnology in the Agri-Food Industry, Volume 8, provides the latest information on the increasing demand for robust, rapid, inexpensive, and safe alternative technologies that monitor, test, and detect harmful or potentially dangerous foods. Due to their high sensitivity and selectivity, nanobiosensors have attracted attention for their use in monitoring not only biological contaminants in food, but also potential chemical and physical hazards. This book offers a broad overview regarding the current progress made in the field of nanosensors, including cutting-edge technological progress and the impact of these devices on the food industry. Special attention is given to the detection of microbial contaminants and harmful metabolotes, such as toxins and hormones, which have a great impact on both humans and animal health and feed. Includes the most up-to-date information on nanoparticles based biosensors and quantum dots for biological detection Provides application methods and techniques for research analysis for bacteriological detection and food testing Presents studies using analytical tools to improve food safety and quality analysis

Author: Janos H. Fendler
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780792343387
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 586

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This volume documents the scientific events of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) on The Preparation of Nanoparticles in Solutions and in Solids. The ARW was held in the second largest city in Hungary, Szeged, truthfully referred to as "the city of sunshine", from March 8 to March 13, 1996. The seventy-seven participants, including seventeen students, came from twentyone different countries. Housing all participants together and arranging a number of social activities fostered lively discussions both inside and outside of formal sessions. Twenty-one key lectures were presented in five sessions. Each session was followed by a fortyfive minutes of general discussion. One evening was devoted to the presentation of fifty-five posters. Thirty-two contribution were submitted and accepted for publication in the present volume. The volume also contains the minutes of the discussions, and a summary of the conclusions of the working groups. The ARW was organized under the auspices and financial support of NATO, City of Szeged, European Research Office of the US Army, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungarian National Committee for Technological Development (OMBF), International Association of Colloid and Interface Scientists IACIS, and National Science Foundation (NSF). Both the organizers and participants gratefully acknowledge the generous support of the agencies. The Editors also thank the high quality and creative contributions of the participants. It is they who made this volume a reality. Janos H. fendler Irnre Dekany ix Glossary of Some Names and Acronyms Advanced Materials Man-made materials having superior mechanical, thennal, electrical, optical, and other desirable properties.

Author: Chu Han
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 159

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This dissertation focuses on studying fundamental properties of nanomaterials with electrochemical methods and the development of new electrochemical methods to study single nanoparticles and vesicles. Chapter 1 introduces nanomaterials including nanoparticles and nanoparticle films and addresses the importance of single-nanoparticle study with electrochemical methods. This chapter also discusses the electrochemical methods that are employed in the following chapters. Chapter 2 discusses the electrochemical characterization of uniform ultrathin nanoparticle films that can be fabricated by layer-by-layer assembly with well-controlled film thickness and composition. The electrocatalytic activity towards oxygen reduction reaction of the film are studied with voltammetric techniques. Chapter 3 discusses the characterization of single Janus Au-SiO2 nanoparticle with single-nanoparticle collision method. The apparent electroactive area of single Janus nanoparticles can be obtained from the transient current signals from hydrazine oxidation and proton reduction. The study in chapter 4 represents the first evidence that transient bipolar electrochemistry can happen on small free moving metal nanoparticles. This innovative study utilizes the highly focusing power of a nanopore for the applied voltage so that the potential drop across a 40 nm particle is sufficient to couple two electrochemical reactions. The use of nanopore and resistive-pulse sensing may be extended to future nanoparticle studies in ultrafast electrochemistry, nanoparticle catalyst screening, and gas nucleation on nanoparticle. In chapter 5 we design a high throughput electrochemical analyzer for counting and sizing single vesicles and propose its potential in integration with ultramicroelectrodes to obtain more complicated information of singe vesicles.

Author: Jonathan T. Cox
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electrocatalysis
Languages : en
Pages : 137

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This dissertation presents the construction and application of micro and nanoscale electrodes for electroanalytical analysis. The studies presented herein encompass two main areas: electrochemical catalysis, and studies of the dynamics of single cell exocytosis. The first portion of this dissertation engages the use of Pt nanoelectrodes to study the stability and electrocatalytic properties of materials. A single nanoparticle electrode (SNPE) was fabricated by immobilizing a single Au nanoparticle on a Pt disk nanoelectrode via an amine-terminated silane cross linker. In this manner we were able to effectively study the electrochemistry and electrocatalytic activity of single Au nanoparticles and found that the electrocatalytic activity is dependent on nanoparticle size. This study can further the understanding of the structure-function relationship in nanoparticle based electrocatalysis. Further work was conducted to probe the stability of Pt nanoelectrodes under conditions of potential cycling. Pt based catalysts are known to deteriorate under such conditions due to losses in electrochemical surface area and Pt dissolution. By using Pt disk nanoelectrodes we were able to study Pt dissolution via steady-state voltammetry. We observed an enhanced dissolution rate and higher charge density on nanoelectrodes than that previously found on macro scale electrodes. The goal of the second portion of this dissertation is to develop new analytical methods to study the dynamics of exocytosis from single cells. The secretion of neurotransmitters plays a key role in neuronal communication, and our studies highlight how bipolar electrochemistry can be employed to enhance detection of neurotransmitters from single cells. First, we developed a theory to quantitatively characterize the voltammetric behavior of bipolar carbon fiber microelectrodes and secondly applied those principles to single cell detection. We showed that by simply adding an additional redox mediator to the back-fill solution of a carbon fiber microelectrode, there is a significant enhancement in detection. Additionally we used solid state nanopores to detect individual phospholipid vesicles in solution. Vesicles are key cellular components that play essential biological roles especially in neurotransmission. This work represents preliminary studies in detection and size determination from vesicles isolated from individual cells.