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Author: Ali T. Hasan Publisher: ISBN: Category : Robots Languages : en Pages : 234
Book Description
In order to overcome the drawbacks of some control schemes, which depends on modeling the system being controlled, and to overcome the problem of inverse kinematics which are mainly singularities and uncertainties in arm configuration. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) technique has been utilized where learning is done iteratively based only on observation of input-output relationship. The proposed technique does not require any prior knowledge of the kinematics model of the system being controlled; the main idea of this approach is the use of an Artificial Neural Network to learn the robot system characteristics rather than having to specify an explicit robot system model. Since one of the most important problems in using Artificial Neural Networks, is the choice of the appropriate networks' configuration, two different networks' configurations were designed and tested, they were trained to learn desired set of joint angles positions from a given set of end effector positions. Experimental results have shown better response for the first configuration network in terms of precision and iteration. The developed approach possesses several distinct advantages; these advantages can be listed as follows :(First) system model does not have to be known at the time of the controller design, (Second) any change in the physical setup of the system such as the addition of a new tool would only involve training and will not require any major system software modifications, and (Third) this scheme would work well in a typical industrial set-up where the controller of a robot could be taught the handful of paths depending on the task assigned to that robot. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated through simulations of a general 6 D.G.F. serial robot manipulator.
Author: Ali T. Hasan Publisher: ISBN: Category : Robots Languages : en Pages : 234
Book Description
In order to overcome the drawbacks of some control schemes, which depends on modeling the system being controlled, and to overcome the problem of inverse kinematics which are mainly singularities and uncertainties in arm configuration. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) technique has been utilized where learning is done iteratively based only on observation of input-output relationship. The proposed technique does not require any prior knowledge of the kinematics model of the system being controlled; the main idea of this approach is the use of an Artificial Neural Network to learn the robot system characteristics rather than having to specify an explicit robot system model. Since one of the most important problems in using Artificial Neural Networks, is the choice of the appropriate networks' configuration, two different networks' configurations were designed and tested, they were trained to learn desired set of joint angles positions from a given set of end effector positions. Experimental results have shown better response for the first configuration network in terms of precision and iteration. The developed approach possesses several distinct advantages; these advantages can be listed as follows :(First) system model does not have to be known at the time of the controller design, (Second) any change in the physical setup of the system such as the addition of a new tool would only involve training and will not require any major system software modifications, and (Third) this scheme would work well in a typical industrial set-up where the controller of a robot could be taught the handful of paths depending on the task assigned to that robot. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated through simulations of a general 6 D.G.F. serial robot manipulator.
Author: Dan Zhang Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1351678922 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 407
Book Description
The robotic mechanism and its controller make a complete system. As the robotic mechanism is reconfigured, the control system has to be adapted accordingly. The need for the reconfiguration usually arises from the changing functional requirements. This book will focus on the adaptive control of robotic manipulators to address the changed conditions. The aim of the book is to summarise and introduce the state-of-the-art technologies in the field of adaptive control of robotic manipulators in order to improve the methodologies on the adaptive control of robotic manipulators. Advances made in the past decades are described in the book, including adaptive control theories and design, and application of adaptive control to robotic manipulators.
Author: Eriny W. Azmy Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 144
Book Description
The inverse kinematic problem of 6R serial manipulators has been the focus of many researchers for several decades now. The main interest has been in inverse kinematics of 6R serial manipulators with arbitrary geometry. This problem has been always an obstacle in designing industrial robots, as they had to be de signed in such a simple way to avoid complication of solving this problem.Solving the Inverse Kinematic Problem is about finding a set of six angles of rotations that correspond to a given pose of the end effector (gripper). One of the major difficulties in solving this problem was obtaining an exact solution in a simple form ; which is very important for speeding up the process of calculation and minimizing the calculations errors that can easily occur in algebraic solutions.Many solutions have been suggested for this problem varying between numerical, algebraic or geometric solutions. It has been previously shown that the joints of a general 6R manipulator can orient themselves in 16 different configurations for a given pose of end effector. However, there are no good practical solutions available that give a level of performance expected of industrial manipulators.In this work, Clifford Algebra was used to model the Inverse Kinematic Prob lem of 6R serial manipulators and an algorithm has been developed to solve this problem by setting one angle to be free and finding the other angles in terms of this free angle. Based on this solution, there exist an infinite number of solutions for a union of intervals of the free angle.
Author: Richard M. Murray Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1351469797 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 503
Book Description
A Mathematical Introduction to Robotic Manipulation presents a mathematical formulation of the kinematics, dynamics, and control of robot manipulators. It uses an elegant set of mathematical tools that emphasizes the geometry of robot motion and allows a large class of robotic manipulation problems to be analyzed within a unified framework. The foundation of the book is a derivation of robot kinematics using the product of the exponentials formula. The authors explore the kinematics of open-chain manipulators and multifingered robot hands, present an analysis of the dynamics and control of robot systems, discuss the specification and control of internal forces and internal motions, and address the implications of the nonholonomic nature of rolling contact are addressed, as well. The wealth of information, numerous examples, and exercises make A Mathematical Introduction to Robotic Manipulation valuable as both a reference for robotics researchers and a text for students in advanced robotics courses.
Author: Isiah Zaplana Agut Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 195
Book Description
Kinematics is a branch of classical mechanics that describes the motion of points, bodies, and systems of bodies without considering the forces that cause such motion. For serial robot manipulators, kinematics consists of describing the open chain geometry as well as the position, velocity and/or acceleration of each one of its components. Rigid serial robot manipulatorsare designed as a sequence of rigid bodies, called links, connected by motor-actuated pairs, called joints, that provide relative motion between consecutive links. Two kinematic problems of special relevance for serial robots are:- Singularities: are the configurations where the robot loses at least one degree of freedom (DOF). This is equivalent to: (a) The robot cannot translate or rotate its end-effector in at least one direction. (b) Unbounded joint velocities are required to generate finite linear and angular velocities.Either if it is real-time teleoperation or off-line path planning, singularities must be addressed to make the robot exhibit a good performance for a given task. The objective is not only to identify the singularities and their associated singular directions but to design strategies to avoid or handle them.- Inverse kinematic problem: Given a particular position and orientation of the end-effector, also known as the end-effector pose, the inverse kinematics consists of finding the configurations that provide such desired pose. The importance of the inverse kinematics relies on its role in the programming and control of serial robots. Besides, since for each given pose the inverse kinematics has up to sixteen different solutions, the objective is to find a closed-form method for solving this problem, since closed-form methods allow to obtain all the solutions in a compact form.The main goal of the Ph.D. dissertation is to contribute to the solution of both problems. In particular, with respect to the singularity problem, a novel scheme for the identification of the singularities and their associated singular directions is introduced. Moreover, geometric algebra is used to simplify such identification and to provide a distance function in the configuration space of the robot that allows the definition of algorithms for avoiding them.With respect to the inverse kinematics, redundant robots are reduced to non-redundant ones by selecting a set of joints, denoted redundant joints, and by parameterizing their joint variables. This selection is made through a workspace analysis which also provides an upper bound for the number of different closed-form solutions. Once these joints have been identified, severalclosed-form methods developed for non-redundant manipulators can be applied to obtain the analytical expressions of all the solutions. One of these methods is a novel strategy developed using again the conformal model of the spatial geometric algebra.To sum up, the Ph.D dissertation provides a rigorous analysis of the two above-mentioned kinematic problems as well as novel strategies for solving them. To illustrate the different results introduced in the Ph.D. memory, examples are given at the end of each of its chapters.
Author: Xilun Ding Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319233270 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 1074
Book Description
This book presents the most recent advances in the research and applications of reconfigurable mechanisms and robots. It collects 93 independently reviewed papers presented at the Third ASME/IFToMM International Conference on Reconfigurable Mechanisms and Robots (ReMAR 2015) held in Beijing, China, 20-22 July 2015. The conference papers are organized into seven parts to cover the reconfiguration theory, topology, kinematics and design of reconfigurable mechanisms including reconfigurable parallel mechanisms. The most recent results on reconfigurable robots are presented including their analysis, design, simulation and control. Bio-inspired mechanisms are also explored in the challenging fields of rehabilitation and minimally invasive surgery. This book further addresses deployable mechanisms and origami-inspired mechanisms and showcases a wide range of successful applications of reconfigurable mechanisms and robots. Advances in Reconfigurable Mechanisms and Robots II should be of interest for researchers, engineers and postgraduate students in mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, computer science and mathematics.
Author: Philippe Wenger Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319441566 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 579
Book Description
This book collects the most recent advances in mechanism science and machine theory with application to engineering. It contains selected peer-reviewed papers of the sixth International Conference on Mechanism Science, held in Nantes, France, 20-23 September 2016, covering topics on mechanism design and synthesis, mechanics of robots, mechanism analysis, parallel manipulators, tensegrity mechanisms, cable mechanisms, control issues in mechanical systems, history of mechanisms, mechanisms for biomechanics and surgery and industrial and nonindustrial applications.
Author: Ali T. Hasan
Author: Ali T. Hasan
Author: Dan Zhang
Author: Eriny W. Azmy
Author: Serdar Küçük
Author: Richard M. Murray
Author: Isiah Zaplana Agut
Author: Yih-Ping Luh
Author: John J. Craig
Author: Xilun Ding
Author: Philippe Wenger