Development of a Simplified Procedure to Predict Dead Load Deflections of Skewed and Non-Skewed Steel Plate Girder Bridges PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Development of a Simplified Procedure to Predict Dead Load Deflections of Skewed and Non-Skewed Steel Plate Girder Bridges PDF full book. Access full book title Development of a Simplified Procedure to Predict Dead Load Deflections of Skewed and Non-Skewed Steel Plate Girder Bridges by . Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Many of today's steel bridges are being constructed with longer spans and higher skew. As a result, the North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) has experienced numerous problems in predicting the dead load deflections of steel plate girder bridges. In response to these problems, the NCDOT has funded this research project (Project Number 2004-14). Common dead load deflection prediction methods, which traditionally utilize single girder line (SGL) analysis, have been shown to over predict the dead load deflections; the inaccuracy can result in various costly construction delays and maintenance and safety issues. The primary objective of this research is to develop a simplified procedure to predict dead load deflections of skewed and non-skewed steel plate girder bridges. In developing the simplified procedure, ten steel plate girder bridges were monitored during placement of the concrete deck to observe the deflection of the girders. Detailed three-dimensional finite element models of the bridge structures were generated in the commercially available finite element analysis program ANSYS, and correlations were made between the simulated deflections and the field measured deflections. With confidence in the ability of the developed finite element models to capture bridge deflection behavior, a preprocessor program was written to automate the finite element generation. Subsequently, a parametric study was conducted to investigate the effect of skew angle, girder spacing, span length, cross frame stiffness, number of girders within the span, and exterior to interior girder load ratio on the girder deflection behavior. The results from the parametric were used to develop a simplified procedure, which modifies traditional SGL predictions with empirical equations to account for skew angle, girder spacing, span length, and exterior to interior girder load ratio. Predictions of the deflections from the simplified procedure and from SGL analyses were compared to th.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Many of today's steel bridges are being constructed with longer spans and higher skew. As a result, the North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) has experienced numerous problems in predicting the dead load deflections of steel plate girder bridges. In response to these problems, the NCDOT has funded this research project (Project Number 2004-14). Common dead load deflection prediction methods, which traditionally utilize single girder line (SGL) analysis, have been shown to over predict the dead load deflections; the inaccuracy can result in various costly construction delays and maintenance and safety issues. The primary objective of this research is to develop a simplified procedure to predict dead load deflections of skewed and non-skewed steel plate girder bridges. In developing the simplified procedure, ten steel plate girder bridges were monitored during placement of the concrete deck to observe the deflection of the girders. Detailed three-dimensional finite element models of the bridge structures were generated in the commercially available finite element analysis program ANSYS, and correlations were made between the simulated deflections and the field measured deflections. With confidence in the ability of the developed finite element models to capture bridge deflection behavior, a preprocessor program was written to automate the finite element generation. Subsequently, a parametric study was conducted to investigate the effect of skew angle, girder spacing, span length, cross frame stiffness, number of girders within the span, and exterior to interior girder load ratio on the girder deflection behavior. The results from the parametric were used to develop a simplified procedure, which modifies traditional SGL predictions with empirical equations to account for skew angle, girder spacing, span length, and exterior to interior girder load ratio. Predictions of the deflections from the simplified procedure and from SGL analyses were compared to th.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Many of today's bridge construction projects are erected in stages to limit traffic interruptions or to minimize environmental impacts. Typically, one half of the bridge superstructure is constructed in the first stage and the other half constructed in the second stage. The final stage is to cast a closure strip to join the deck slabs of the two structures together. Due to the inability of current analysis methods to accurately predict the non-composite dead load deflection for steel plate girder bridge during construction, three-dimensional finite element bridge models have been developed to more accurately predict the bridge behavior. However, the bridge engineer must first consider the complexity of and the time spent modeling bridges in this way. The objective of this research is to develop a simplified modeling method to predict the non-composite dead load deflections of the steel plate bridge girder. The study is focused on creating a modeling method for both single span and two-span continuous bridges. Parameters such as bridge skew, cross-frame stiffness, and stay-in-place metal deck forms were considered in the development of the simplified models. By measuring the deflections in the field during the construction, the true non-composite deflection behavior of the bridge was captured and compared to the results from modeling. As a result, the predicted deflection of the simplified models agreed well with the measured results for the single span bridges. Additionally, predicted deflections from the simplified models correlated well with the deflection results from finite element models for the single span bridges. However, the predicted deflections from the simplified models had a poor agreement with the measured results for the two-span continuous bridge. It was also concluded from both field measurements and modeling results that stay-in-place metal deck forms have a significant effect to the non-composite dead load deflection behavior for skewed steel plat.
Author: Publisher: Transportation Research Board ISBN: 0309258391 Category : Curves in engineering Languages : en Pages : 199
Book Description
"TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 725: Guidelines for Analysis Methods and Construction Engineering of Curved and Skewed Steel Girder Bridges offers guidance on the appropriate level of analysis needed to determine the constructability and constructed geometry of curved and skewed steel girder bridges. When appropriate in lieu of a 3D analysis, the guidelines also introduce improvements to 1D and 2D analyses that require little additional computational costs."--Publication information.
Author: Hiroshi Yokota Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 100017381X Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 8732
Book Description
Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management, Life-Cycle Sustainability and Innovations contains lectures and papers presented at the Tenth International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management (IABMAS 2020), held in Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan, April 11–15, 2021. This volume consists of a book of extended abstracts and a USB card containing the full papers of 571 contributions presented at IABMAS 2020, including the T.Y. Lin Lecture, 9 Keynote Lectures, and 561 technical papers from 40 countries. The contributions presented at IABMAS 2020 deal with the state of the art as well as emerging concepts and innovative applications related to the main aspects of maintenance, safety, management, life-cycle sustainability and technological innovations of bridges. Major topics include: advanced bridge design, construction and maintenance approaches, safety, reliability and risk evaluation, life-cycle management, life-cycle sustainability, standardization, analytical models, bridge management systems, service life prediction, maintenance and management strategies, structural health monitoring, non-destructive testing and field testing, safety, resilience, robustness and redundancy, durability enhancement, repair and rehabilitation, fatigue and corrosion, extreme loads, and application of information and computer technology and artificial intelligence for bridges, among others. This volume provides both an up-to-date overview of the field of bridge engineering and significant contributions to the process of making more rational decisions on maintenance, safety, management, life-cycle sustainability and technological innovations of bridges for the purpose of enhancing the welfare of society. The Editors hope that these Proceedings will serve as a valuable reference to all concerned with bridge structure and infrastructure systems, including engineers, researchers, academics and students from all areas of bridge engineering.
Author: António Arêde Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030292274 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 964
Book Description
The book contains proceedings presented at the 9th International Conference on Arch Bridges held in Porto, Portugal on October 2 to 4, 2019. It is addressed to scientists, designers, technicians, stakeholders and contractors, seeking for an up-to-date view of the recent advances in the area of arch bridges.
Author: Hendrik Jacobus Marx Publisher: ISBN: Category : Bridges Languages : en Pages : 256
Book Description
Elastic analyses, using the finite element method, were done on 108 single span skew slab-and-girder bridges. Each structure had 5 girders and stiffnesses were representative of bridges with pretensioned I-girders or steel I-beam. Spans ranged from 40 to 80 ft, girder spacings from 6 to 9 ft, and the skew angle from zero to 60 degrees. The loadings were multiple point loads representing two HS20 AASHTO vehicles, and the loads were positioned to produce maximum bending moments in the girders. Convergence studies to evaluate the precision of the finite element models were also done, and comparisons were made with the results of other studies. An extensive parametric study was done to determine the most important variables and to gain an understanding of the response of the skew bridge. Expressions for the design moments in interior and exterior girders were then developed. These take into account the span and spacing of girders, the stiffness of the girders relative to the slab stiffness, and the angle of skew. The format is the use of the static moment for a girder, with modifications to this moment based on girder span and spacing, slab to girder stiffness ratio, and skew angle. A similar study was done to obtain factors for the calculation of deflections, starting with the deflection of a simple beam.
Author: Benjamin Severtson Publisher: ISBN: Category : Bridges Languages : en Pages : 119
Book Description
Multi-girder steel bridges are found as part of the transportation infrastructure of countries throughout the world. These bridges are typically constructed with a steel reinforced concrete deck rigidly attached to the top flange of steel girders. The deck and the transverse steel members distribute loads laterally between bridge girders. The weld connecting transverse stiffeners to the girder web are commonly terminated several inches away from the girder flanges to avoid overlapping with the web-to-flange connection weld, leaving a short, unstiffened portion of the girder web-the web gap. The large flexibility of the web gap region relative to the other components forces it to accommodate the majority of the distortion. Since 1998, several research efforts have investigated methods for predicting the amount of web gap stress a bridge will experience during its service life. Phase I of this research resulted in a simple equation for estimating web gap stress using data collected during field testing and subsequent finite modeling of a skew supported bridge with staggering bent-plate diaphragms. Phase II produced an approximate method for predicting diaphragm differential deflection of skew supported bridges with bent-plate diaphragms. The combined result of Phase I and Phase II was a useful method for predicting peak web gap stress in skewed multi-girder steel bridges with staggered bent-plate diaphragms. The next step was to develop a reliable procedure for the rapid assessment of distortional stresses in steel bridges that includes a test of the applicability of this procedure to bridges with geometries differing from those that formed the basis of the previous research. As a consequence of this most current research, the authors propose changes and recommend modifications of previously developed methods of field measurement and assessment.
Author: Jason Winterling Publisher: ProQuest ISBN: 9780549183839 Category : Dead loads (Mechanics) Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Over the past decade, bridge engineers have begun to take advantage of the increased yield strengths and weldability provided by High Performance Steel. This type of steel, including HPS Grade 70W which is covered in this study, allows for lighter structural dead loads of bridges and increased span lengths without growth in cross-section depth of the main load supporting members. In turn, this reduction in girder depth results in a reduced moment of inertia and an increased flexibility of the members. Dead load deflections of the girders, resulting from the reduced moment of inertia, can be challenging to model and design for in a highly skewed structure such as the Churchman's Road Bridge, the 772'-3" four span continuous bridge in Christiana, Delaware instrumented for this study. The sizeable deflections require large precut cambers of the plate girders and, additionally, increased flexibility about the x-axis can increase the probability of girder torsion during the construction of a highly skewed bridge. The objective of this project was to develop and apply an instrumentation plan for the girders and the cross-frames of Churchman's Road Bridge prior to its erection and monitor the stresses developed in the members throughout construction and the load testing. The placement of these gauges prior to erection allows for more accurate analysis of the dead load stresses in the steel and allows for the comparison of expected values determined through finite element modeling to measured stresses. An evaluation of the bridge and the High Performance Steel as a useful bridge material was then made. Through the successful completion of this project, a complete dead load and construction stress timeline has been captured and analyzed. The original structure, designed with cross-frames that were parallel to the skew, was found to be torsionally flexible and was deemed to be insufficiently braced by the design engineers to support a deck pour. After adding additional cross-frames perpendicular to the girders, the hybrid HPS girder system performed well throughout the remainder of construction and during a diagnostic load test. Recommendations for future instrumentation plans of this type have been provided that allow for more effective structural analysis. Additionally, through the retrofit and redesign of the lateral load resisting system occurring during the course of this project, conclusions on skewed bridge construction and design have been developed.
Author: 
Author: 
Author: Seth Tyson Fisher
Author: 
Author: 
Author: Hiroshi Yokota
Author: António Arêde
Author: Hendrik Jacobus Marx
Author: Benjamin Severtson
Author: Jason Winterling
Author: Atorod Azizinamini