Author: Scott Lachlan BrucePublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Tailings (Metallurgy)
Languages : en
Pages : 309
Book Description
Development of a Risk Assessment Tool to Minimise the Impact of Arsenic and Lead Toxicity from Mine Tailings
Author: Scott Lachlan BrucePublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Tailings (Metallurgy)
Languages : en
Pages : 309
Book Description
Risk Assessment
Author: Peter LaGoyPublisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080945988
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 261
Book Description
Site-specific risk assessment is the process of evaluating whether or not a site poses a risk to human health or the environment. The purpose of all hazardous waste site remediation is ultimately to render a site safe for human or ecological populations. Consequently, risk assessment, as the process used to measure the effectiveness of the remediation process, is critical to all hazardous waste-site work.Risk assessment at hazardous waste sites involves the use of standard approaches and assumptions in a reasoned, common sense manner. The purpose of this book is to provide practical guidance to people wishing to learn about, conduct, or use risk assessment procedures in evaluating hazardous waste sites. Critical issues, standard formulas and assumptions, and guidance on characterizing risk results in a useable manner are presented. The use of risk assessment as a key tool in selecting appropriate remedial options at hazardous waste sites is also described. Most attention is given to human health risks associated with exposure to toxic chemicals, but descriptions of the strategies used to estimate radiation health risks and to evaluate risks to the environment are also provided. Although most commonly applied to hazardous waste site remediation, the procedures outlined in this book are generally applicable to any situation involving a potential for health risks to an exposed population.This book provides guidance on the mechanics of risk assessment preparation and illustrates these approaches with examples. However, the focus of the book is on the subjective nature of risk assessment, the art rather than the science.The actual risk (i.e., the right answer) can never be known. Consequently, while it is valuable to attempt to obtain the best numeric solution, reasonableness and the application of common sense are equally important. The book therefore devotes a substantial amount of space to issues of uncertainty that are inherent in risk assessment, and the need to address this uncertainty.
Assessment, Restoration and Reclamation of Mining Influenced Soils
Author: Jaume BechPublisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128097299
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 522
Book Description
Assessment, Restoration and Reclamation of Mining Influenced Soils covers processes operating in the environment as a result of mining activity, including the whole spectra of negative effects of anthropopressure and the environment, from changes in soil chemistry, changes in soil physical properties, geomechanical disturbances, and mine water discharges. Mining activity and its waste are an environmental concern. Knowledge of the fate of potentially harmful elements and their effect on plants and the food chain, and ultimately on human health, is still being understood. Therefore, there is a need for better knowledge on the origin, distribution, and management of mine waste on a global level. This book provides information on hazard assessment and remediation of the disturbed environment, including stabilization of contaminated soils and phytoremediation, and will help scientists and public authorities formulate answers to the daily challenges related to the restoration of contaminated land. Provides a thorough overview of the processes operating on mining-devastated areas, as well as origin, distribution, and deactivation of harmful elements Includes outcomes and recommendations of the Global Mining Initiative that are widely regarded as the code of conduct in the minerals industry Contains global case studies that elucidate various aspects of assessment and restoration of mine-contaminated land
Environmental Risk Assessment of Inorganic Chemicals in the Mining Environment
Author: Jilang PanArsenic in Drinking Water
Author: National Research CouncilPublisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309076293
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 242
Book Description
Having safe drinking water is important to all Americans. The Environmental Protection Agency's decision in the summer of 2001 to delay implementing a new, more stringent standard for the maximum allowable level for arsenic in drinking water generated a great deal of criticism and controversy. Ultimately at issue were newer data on arsenic beyond those that had been examined in a 1999 National Research Council report. EPA asked the National Research Council for an evaluation of the new data available. The committee's analyses and conclusions are presented in Arsenic in Drinking Water: 2001 Update. New epidemiological studies are critically evaluated, as are new experimental data that provide information on how and at what level arsenic in drinking water can lead to cancer. The report's findings are consistent with those of the 1999 report that found high risks of cancer at the previous federal standard of 50 parts per billion. In fact, the new report concludes that men and women who consume water containing 3 parts per billion of arsenic daily have about a 1 in 1,000 increased risk of developing bladder or lung cancer during their lifetime.
Risk Assessment in the Federal Government
Author: National Research CouncilPublisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309033497
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 206
Book Description
The regulation of potentially hazardous substances has become a controversial issue. This volume evaluates past efforts to develop and use risk assessment guidelines, reviews the experience of regulatory agencies with different administrative arrangements for risk assessment, and evaluates various proposals to modify procedures. The book's conclusions and recommendations can be applied across the entire field of environmental health.
Abandoned Mine Site Characterization and Cleanup Handbook
Author: Nick CatoPublisher:
ISBN: 9780756730352
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 400
Book Description
This Handbook has been developed by the EPA as a resource for project managers working on addressing the environmental concerns posed by inactive mines and mineral processing sites. This is not policy or guidance, but a compendium of info. gained during many years of experience on mine site cleanup projects. Chapters: Overview of Mining and Mineral Processing Operations; Environmental Impacts from Mining; Setting Goals and Measuring Success; Community Involve. at Mining Waste Sites; Scoping Studies of Mining and Mineral Processing Impact Areas; Sampling and Analysis of Impacted Areas; Scoping and Conducting Ecological and Human Health Risk Assessments at Superfund Mind Waste Sites; Site Mgmt. Strategies; and Remediation and Cleanup Options.
Patterns of Arsenic Speciation and Associated Potentially Toxic Elements at Sites Impacted by Mining and Mine Waste
Author: Keith William TorrancePublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
The ability to find, mine, extract and smelt metallic ores has been central to technological development throughout history. Demand for metals is projected to increase in the coming decades and the supply of metals such as lithium, copper, indium, neodymium and tantalum have become strategically important in the manufacture of energy-efficient 'green' products and renewable energy generators. However, mining is accompanied by an environmental cost; mining accounts for almost 34% of total worldwide solid waste generated. Historically poor disposal practices in the industry have created a legacy of tailings piles, polluted rivers and health impacts that have the potential to impact surface water quality for centuries after the cessation of mining, primarily through the continued interaction of meteoric and groundwater with mine waste and mill tailings dumped on-site. Arsenic is a toxic metalloid that is commonly present in trace to minor amounts in ores of gold, mercury, lead and zinc as the mineral arsenopyrite (FeAsS) or as substitutions within other sulphide minerals. Consequently, arsenic (As), a known carcinogen, is a contaminant of concern in many mining districts and a useful indicator of water quality. Arsenic exists in natural waters as both As(III) and As(V) oxyanions, whose relative abundance is controlled by pH and redox conditions. The toxicity and mobility of dissolved As in water draining mine tailings is directly related to the inorganic arsenic species present. However, at many sites arsenic contamination of surface water is accompanied by other toxic metals, which are released with arsenic from the weathering and dissolution of sulphide minerals. To investigate the effect of other metal species, on arsenic speciation, field measurements of As(III) /As(V) ratios in surface water were made at selected historical mining sites with elevated levels of dissolved arsenic and of one or more toxic metals. Data are presented from nine contaminated mine sites in Scotland, Alaska and Colombia, representing different types of ore deposits and ore processing sites that have elevated As signatures. At these sites, antimony, mercury or cadmium is present as a secondary contaminant in surface water at levels near or above the USEPA MCL. In addition to arsenic species separation, major and trace elements, vii anions and stable isotopes were determined at each sample point, along with a full suite of in-situ water parameters. Local site variables, including bedrock geology, ore mineralogy, groundwater geochemistry and soil chemistry, contribute to the complexity of As speciation at each study location. It was determined that As(III) is the dominant species in water draining mine adits and tailing piles, instead of the more thermodynamically favoured As(V) species. As(III) is more mobile than As(V) and persists up to 300 metres downstream, before transformation to the more oxidised form. Better understanding of As mobility has the potential to improve remediation strategies at other contaminated mine sites.
Risk Assessment/management Issues in the Environmental Planning of Mines
Author: Dirk J. A. Van ZylPublisher: Society for Mining Metallurgy
ISBN: 9780873351157
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 207
Book Description
Author: Liwia Rajpert