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Author: Matthew Stephen Brunner Publisher: ISBN: 9781267758477 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
A pneumatic "microjets" Active Aerodynamic Load Control (AALC) system was designed, built and tested in the wind tunnel to actively control the aerodynamics of a wind turbine test blade. The microjets system blows air at a high flow rate, perpendicular to the surface of the blade, out of thin (0.56% of chord) spanwise slots near the trailing edge on the upper (suction) and lower (pressure) surfaces of a blade. The flow manipulates the circulation about the airfoil, effectively changing the Kutta condition and thus changing the generated lift. To test the microjets concept in the wind tunnel, a ducting and plenum system was designed with 3D solid modeling and printed with a rapid prototyping machine to fit inside the existing geometry of an aluminum test blade. An air supply was sourced and a hose network was designed to feed the plenums with the high flow rate air supply. A one-to-six hose connector was also designed and printed which evenly fed the six microjet slots per side of the test blade. The plenum design was robust, leak-free, and simple to install. The system successfully distributed air evenly to the microjets slots, both on the bench and in wind tunnel testing. The air supply, however, could not output the desired volumetric flow rate through the system. In the wind tunnel, the system measurably decreased the lift when blown on the suction side, but did not have sufficient flow rate to measurably increase the lift when blown on the pressure side. Further testing, with a more powerful air supply and eventually a controllable valve, can use this system to test dynamic responses to wind gusts to implement pneumatic AALC.
Author: Matthew Stephen Brunner Publisher: ISBN: 9781267758477 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
A pneumatic "microjets" Active Aerodynamic Load Control (AALC) system was designed, built and tested in the wind tunnel to actively control the aerodynamics of a wind turbine test blade. The microjets system blows air at a high flow rate, perpendicular to the surface of the blade, out of thin (0.56% of chord) spanwise slots near the trailing edge on the upper (suction) and lower (pressure) surfaces of a blade. The flow manipulates the circulation about the airfoil, effectively changing the Kutta condition and thus changing the generated lift. To test the microjets concept in the wind tunnel, a ducting and plenum system was designed with 3D solid modeling and printed with a rapid prototyping machine to fit inside the existing geometry of an aluminum test blade. An air supply was sourced and a hose network was designed to feed the plenums with the high flow rate air supply. A one-to-six hose connector was also designed and printed which evenly fed the six microjet slots per side of the test blade. The plenum design was robust, leak-free, and simple to install. The system successfully distributed air evenly to the microjets slots, both on the bench and in wind tunnel testing. The air supply, however, could not output the desired volumetric flow rate through the system. In the wind tunnel, the system measurably decreased the lift when blown on the suction side, but did not have sufficient flow rate to measurably increase the lift when blown on the pressure side. Further testing, with a more powerful air supply and eventually a controllable valve, can use this system to test dynamic responses to wind gusts to implement pneumatic AALC.
Author: Myra Louise Blaylock Publisher: ISBN: 9781267967572 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
A fast, efficient way to control loads on industrial scale turbines is important for the growth of the wind industry. Active Aerodynamic Load Control (AALC) is one area which addresses this need. In particular, microjets, which are pneumatic jets located at the trailing edge of a wind turbine blade and blow perpendicular to the blade surface, are a possible AALC candidate. First, the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) solver OVERFLOW is used to explore the effects of a microjet on lift, drag, and pitching moment. Then the interaction between an aerodynamic disturbance and an airfoil equipped with a microjet is modeled. The object of this dissertation is to investigate microtabs as viable AALC devices by presenting their aerodynamic properties and testing whether a proportional-integral (PI) controlled jets can alleviate loads caused by wind gusts. The use of CFD to simulate a microjet is validated by comparing the results to both previous experiments found in the literature as well as wind tunnel tests completed at UC Davis. The aerodynamic effectiveness of the jet is investigated as a function of various parameters such as Reynolds number, angle of attack, and the momentum coefficient of the jet. The effects of the microjet are found to be very similar to another AALC device, the microtab. An aerodynamic disturbance is simulated, and a control algorithm which is incorporated into the OVERFLOW code is used to activate the microjet, thus reducing the change of the blade load due to the gust. Finally, a more realistic model is made by adding both a linear and a torsional spring and damper to represent the blade movement. This two-degree of freedom system shows that during a gust the vertical blade movement is reduced when the microjets are activated. Microjets are found to work well to alleviate the changes in aerodynamic loads felt by the airfoil, and are therefore a good candidate for a practical AALC device. However, further investigation is needed in the areas of aeroacoustics, system energy requirements, and logistics of implementation.
Author: S. Kishore Kumar Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811596018 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 529
Book Description
This book presents selected papers presented in the Symposium on Applied Aerodynamics and Design of Aerospace Vehicles (SAROD 2018), which was jointly organized by Aeronautical Development Agency (the nodal agency for the design and development of combat aircraft in India), Gas-Turbine Research Establishment (responsible for design and development of gas turbine engines for military applications), and CSIR-National Aerospace Laboratories (involved in major aerospace programs in the country such as SARAS program, LCA, Space Launch Vehicles, Missiles and UAVs). It brings together experiences of aerodynamicists in India as well as abroad in Aerospace Vehicle Design, Gas Turbine Engines, Missiles and related areas. It is a useful volume for researchers, professionals and students interested in diversified areas of aerospace engineering.
Author: Nicu Bizon Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319498754 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 673
Book Description
This book presents basic and advanced concepts for energy harvesting and energy efficiency, as well as related technologies, methods, and their applications. The book provides up-to-date knowledge and discusses the state-of-the-art equipment and methods used for energy harvesting and energy efficiency, combining theory and practical applications. Containing over 200 illustrations and problems and solutions, the book begins with overview chapters on the status quo in this field. Subsequent chapters introduce readers to advanced concepts and methods. In turn, the final part of the book is dedicated to technical strategies, efficient methods and applications in the field of energy efficiency, which also makes it of interest to technicians in industry. The book tackles problems commonly encountered using basic methods of energy harvesting and energy efficiency, and proposes advanced methods to resolve these issues. All the methods proposed have been validated through simulation and experimental results. These “hot topics” will continue to be of interest to scientists and engineers in future decades and will provide challenges to researchers around the globe as issues of climate change and changing energy policies become more pressing. Here, readers will find all the basic and advanced concepts they need. As such, it offers a valuable, comprehensive guide for all students and practicing engineers who wishing to learn about and work in these fields.
Author: Charlotte Bay Hasager Publisher: MDPI ISBN: 3038979422 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 290
Book Description
This Special Issue “Atmospheric Conditions for Wind Energy Applications” hosts papers on aspects of remote sensing for atmospheric conditions for wind energy applications. Wind lidar technology is presented from a theoretical view on the coherent focused Doppler lidar principles. Furthermore, wind lidar for applied use for wind turbine control, wind farm wake, and gust characterizations is presented, as well as methods to reduce uncertainty when using lidar in complex terrain. Wind lidar observations are used to validate numerical model results. Wind Doppler lidar mounted on aircraft used for observing winds in hurricane conditions and Doppler radar on the ground used for very short-term wind forecasting are presented. For the offshore environment, floating lidar data processing is presented as well as an experiment with wind-profiling lidar on a ferry for model validation. Assessments of wind resources in the coastal zone using wind-profiling lidar and global wind maps using satellite data are presented.
Author: A. R. Jha, Ph.D. Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1315354012 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 190
Book Description
This book provides a complete overview of the theory, design, and applications of unmanned aerial vehicles. It covers the basics, including definitions, attributes, manned vs. unmanned, design considerations, life cycle costs, architecture, components, air vehicle, payload, communications, data link, and ground control stations. Chapters cover types and civilian roles, sensors and characteristics, alternative power, communications and data links, conceptual design, human machine interface, sense and avoid systems, civil airspace issues and integration efforts, navigation, autonomous control, swarming, and future capabilities.
Author: Efstathios Michaelides Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1315354624 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 1559
Book Description
The Multiphase Flow Handbook, Second Edition is a thoroughly updated and reorganized revision of the late Clayton Crowe’s work, and provides a detailed look at the basic concepts and the wide range of applications in this important area of thermal/fluids engineering. Revised by the new editors, Efstathios E. (Stathis) Michaelides and John D. Schwarzkopf, the new Second Edition begins with two chapters covering fundamental concepts and methods that pertain to all the types and applications of multiphase flow. The remaining chapters cover the applications and engineering systems that are relevant to all the types of multiphase flow and heat transfer. The twenty-one chapters and several sections of the book include the basic science as well as the contemporary engineering and technological applications of multiphase flow in a comprehensive way that is easy to follow and be understood. The editors created a common set of nomenclature that is used throughout the book, allowing readers to easily compare fundamental theory with currently developing concepts and applications. With contributed chapters from sixty-two leading experts around the world, the Multiphase Flow Handbook, Second Edition is an essential reference for all researchers, academics and engineers working with complex thermal and fluid systems.
Author: Andreas Dillmann Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319201220 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 416
Book Description
This volume contains papers presented at the International conference “The Aerodynamics of Heavy Vehicles III: Trucks, Buses and Trains” held in Potsdam, Germany, September 12-17, 2010 by Engineering Conferences International (ECI). Leading scientists and engineers from industry, universities and research laboratories, including truck and high-speed train manufacturers and operators were brought together to discuss computer simulation and experimental techniques to be applied for the design of more efficient trucks, buses and high-speed trains in the future. This conference was the third in the series after Monterey-Pacific Groove in 2002 and Lake Tahoe in 2007.The presentations address different aspects of train aerodynamics (cross wind effects, underbody flow, tunnel aerodynamics and aeroacoustics, experimental techniques), truck aerodynamics (drag reduction, flow control, experimental and computational techniques) as well as computational fluid dynamics and bluff body, wake and jet flows.
Author: J. J. Chattot Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9401798257 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 625
Book Description
This book covers classical and modern aerodynamics, theories and related numerical methods, for senior and first-year graduate engineering students, including: -The classical potential (incompressible) flow theories for low speed aerodynamics of thin airfoils and high and low aspect ratio wings. - The linearized theories for compressible subsonic and supersonic aerodynamics. - The nonlinear transonic small disturbance potential flow theory, including supercritical wing sections, the extended transonic area rule with lift effect, transonic lifting line and swept or oblique wings to minimize wave drag. Unsteady flow is also briefly discussed. Numerical simulations based on relaxation mixed-finite difference methods are presented and explained. - Boundary layer theory for all Mach number regimes and viscous/inviscid interaction procedures used in practical aerodynamics calculations. There are also four chapters covering special topics, including wind turbines and propellers, airplane design, flow analogies and hypersonic (rotational) flows. A unique feature of the book is its ten self-tests and their solutions as well as an appendix on special techniques of functions of complex variables, method of characteristics and conservation laws and shock waves. The book is the culmination of two courses taught every year by the two authors for the last two decades to seniors and first-year graduate students of aerospace engineering at UC Davis.
Author: Matthew Stephen Brunner
Author: Matthew Stephen Brunner
Author: Myra Louise Blaylock
Author: S. Kishore Kumar
Author: Nicu Bizon
Author: Charlotte Bay Hasager
Author: A. R. Jha, Ph.D.
Author: Efstathios Michaelides
Author: M. D. Shovlin
Author: Andreas Dillmann
Author: J. J. Chattot