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Author: Mohammed Ali Okok Publisher: ISBN: 9781369644456 Category : Dust control Languages : en Pages : 146
Book Description
This study is part of a multiple year study conducted at the University of Wyoming to assess the effectiveness of dust suppressant treatments on gravel roads. The multiple year study was conducted to assist the Wyoming Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration optimize the use of the Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) funds. The CMAQ program is a federal program implemented to fund projects that contribute to air quality improvements. For a number of years, Wyoming counties have used CMAQ funds to apply chemical dust suppressant treatment to gravel roads. The state of Wyoming owns a large inventory of low volume gravel roads that connects rural Wyoming areas. The main objectives of this study were to assess the effectiveness of the CMAQ program in Wyoming, develop long-term gravel roads performance models, and conduct a life cycle cost analysis to compare the costs of treating and maintaining gravel roads. The study utilizes field data and exploratory and statistical analyses to assess and evaluate the performance of chemical treatment on gravel roads. The results of this study will be used in developing cost effective maintenance strategies that will aid in optimizing the Wyoming asset management program. A comprehensive long-term performance model was developed to predict the service life of treatment on gravel roads. A life cycle cost analysis was conducted to compare the cost of maintaining untreated gravel roads with the cost of maintaining treated gravel roads. The results showed that higher traffic speeds, and higher percentages of fines in the soil had the highest contribution to road deterioration and increase in dust generation from treated roads. Dust treatment was found to have a service life of 1 year before dust emission rates went back to before treatment levels. The life cycle cost analysis indicated that the initial cost of applying dust suppressant treatment to gravel roads is expensive but it will increase the road service life and significantly reduce dust generation and improve air quality.
Author: Mohammed Ali Okok Publisher: ISBN: 9781369644456 Category : Dust control Languages : en Pages : 146
Book Description
This study is part of a multiple year study conducted at the University of Wyoming to assess the effectiveness of dust suppressant treatments on gravel roads. The multiple year study was conducted to assist the Wyoming Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration optimize the use of the Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) funds. The CMAQ program is a federal program implemented to fund projects that contribute to air quality improvements. For a number of years, Wyoming counties have used CMAQ funds to apply chemical dust suppressant treatment to gravel roads. The state of Wyoming owns a large inventory of low volume gravel roads that connects rural Wyoming areas. The main objectives of this study were to assess the effectiveness of the CMAQ program in Wyoming, develop long-term gravel roads performance models, and conduct a life cycle cost analysis to compare the costs of treating and maintaining gravel roads. The study utilizes field data and exploratory and statistical analyses to assess and evaluate the performance of chemical treatment on gravel roads. The results of this study will be used in developing cost effective maintenance strategies that will aid in optimizing the Wyoming asset management program. A comprehensive long-term performance model was developed to predict the service life of treatment on gravel roads. A life cycle cost analysis was conducted to compare the cost of maintaining untreated gravel roads with the cost of maintaining treated gravel roads. The results showed that higher traffic speeds, and higher percentages of fines in the soil had the highest contribution to road deterioration and increase in dust generation from treated roads. Dust treatment was found to have a service life of 1 year before dust emission rates went back to before treatment levels. The life cycle cost analysis indicated that the initial cost of applying dust suppressant treatment to gravel roads is expensive but it will increase the road service life and significantly reduce dust generation and improve air quality.
Author: Osama Abu Daoud Publisher: ISBN: Category : Gravel roads Languages : en Pages : 146
Book Description
Gravel roads form about 90% of the local roads network in Wyoming. These roads are managed and maintained by local agencies. Generally, local agencies have good experience in gravel roads maintenance execution, while their experience is limited in gravel roads management, maintenance planning, and budget allocation. Moreover, the limitation in available resources for these local agencies makes it more challenging to optimize gravel roads maintenance plans. Hence, the Wyoming Technology Transfer Center (WYT2/LTAP) is currently in the process of developing and producing a new holistic Gravel Roads Management System (GRMS). The proposed GRMS aims to provide local agencies with cutting-edge tools to assist them in managing and maintaining gravel roads under their authority. In addition, the developed tools will significantly enhance the budget allocation optimization by adapting advanced understanding of the gravel roads deterioration behavior. The main purpose of this research is to develop prediction tools and models for gravel roads deterioration using machine-learning techniques. This work started by developing an integrated database. Laramie County in Wyoming was chosen for the pilot study. An intensive effort was invested in collecting gravel roads condition data from the field and building the dataset. The adapted data collection procedure employed two methods: course survey, and smartphones data collection. Afterward, the collected data was analyzed using various techniques to fulfill the purpose of this research work. The employed techniques included: regression modeling, Inception V-3 model, image recognition, TensorFlow, binary logistic regression, random parameter, and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). These techniques will enhance the understanding of the gravel roads deterioration behavior, and the maintenance planning process. This enhancement will significantly improve the GRMS. As a result, the overall gravel road condition will be improved and the road user’s satisfaction will be increased. This research work was designed to be a baseline for employing machine learning and artificial intelligence in new GRMS. Adapting such techniques will produce cost-effective tools for both gravel roads data collection and data analysis. Hence, this research work started by developing an image classifier to rate gravel road corrugation condition using smartphones, the developed classifier is considered a low-cost tool with adequate accuracy. In addition, a sophisticated objective model was developed using the ANN techniques to predict the riding quality on gravel roads with eliminating the subjectivity. The deterioration behavior is an essential parameter in developing any GRMS. So, various gravel roads deterioration models were developed using ANN techniques to forecast the International Roughness Index (IRI). The developed IRI models considered the variation in traffic loading levels and land uses. However, some gravel road sections have special features that affect the deterioration behavior. Thus, the effect of horizontal and vertical curves on gravel roads conditions were studied and analyzed. Lastly, one of the main goals of maintaining gravel roads in adequate condition is enhancing the safety on these roads. Therefore, this research study invested an intensive effort in modeling the crash severities on these roads using mixed binary logistic regression.
Author: Christopher Zenas Chamberlin Publisher: ISBN: 9781339441443 Category : Dirt roads Languages : en Pages : 178
Book Description
The Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Improvement (CMAQ) Program, was implemented to provide funding to transportation projects that contribute to air quality improvements. Wyoming has made use of these funds for a number of years to apply dust suppressants to unpaved roads around the state. Many of these roads are impacted by oil and gas drilling activities. Decisions as to where these funds should be applied are based on subjective judgment. Methods for applying the suppressants to roads have also been based on engineering judgment, and there is no system in place for determining the effectiveness of dust treatment. The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the CMAQ program in Wyoming. A second objective is to provide recommendations on optimizing future use of CMAQ funds. This study utilizes field data and comprehensive statistical analysis to prove the effectiveness of various dust suppressants. This includes monitoring dust suppressant application, surfacing aggregate type, traffic, weather, roadway performance, and fugitive dust emissions to provide a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of the dust suppression efforts paid for with CMAQ funds. Analysis of field data is also used to provide recommendations on developing a statistical model for the most cost effective use of future CMAQ funding. The result will be a systematic and clearly established method for allocating funds, and ensuring that they are being used in the best way possible.
Author: Waleed Aleadelat Publisher: ISBN: 9780438468450 Category : Dust control Languages : en Pages : 116
Book Description
In Wyoming, gravel roads are managed by small local agencies which are more proficient in doing maintenance and rehabilitation works (M&R;) than managing them. Moreover, these agencies have very limited resources and operate without any long term plans. Overall, there is no available guidelines or consistent strategies followed over the state to manage these kinds of roads. As a result, the Wyoming Technology Transfer Center (WYT2/LTAP) is currently in the process of developing a new Gravel Roads Management System (GRMS). Such a GRMS is intended to provide feasible practices to help local agencies in dealing with the various challenges associated with maintaining gravel roads. The ultimate goal of this GRMS is to help local agencies in maintaining their asset of gravel roads in best serviceable shape within available resources. The focus of this research study was to establish a baseline for the new GRMS and to enhance the current practices to manage gravel roads in Wyoming. Prior to the statewide implementation, Laramie County in the southeastern corner of the state was selected to perform a pilot study. A comprehensive dataset was developed after an exhaustive data collection effort to evaluate the conditions of the entire gravel roads network in Laramie County. This dataset was used to develop several methodologies related to the GRMS in Wyoming. Various statistical, signal processing, and artificial intelligence (AI) techniques were employed to establish the new methodologies. These techniques include Markov Chains, frequency demodulation, discrete wavelet Transform (DWT), and Genetic Algorithms (GA). Accordingly, this research study established a preliminary methodology to utilize smartphones in evaluating gravel roads ride quality. This can be considered a baseline for building a low cost (crowdsourcing) platform that helps local agencies in managing their inventory of gravel roads. Incorporating the environmental impacts associated with dust from gravel roads in the management process can enhance the planning and the decision making processes. Therefore, this research study established a new methodology to quantify the environmental impacts associated with gravel roads dust. This includes human health benefits, changes in annual crops yield, and livestock production. These estimated environmental impacts, in addition to many other factors such as weather, traffic, and mineral production, were also utilized to develop an optimization tool that can help local agencies in selecting gravel roads that are ideal for dust chemical treatment projects. Lastly, another optimization tool that works on maximizing the overall network conditions considering traffic volumes and subject to budgets was developed. Both developed tools are user friendly, can be easily operated by uploading an excel sheet with the required inputs, and most important they are in line with the current followed practices by small local agencies in Wyoming. The new tools were based on GA and developed using the JavaScript and the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). These new tools will be hosted on the WYT2/LTAP website.
Author: M.Z. Naser Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000788997 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 459
Book Description
The design, construction, and upkeep of infrastructure is comprised of a multitude of dimensions spanning a highly complex paradigm of interconnected opportunities and challenges. While traditional methods fall short of adequately accounting for such complexity, artificial intelligence (AI) presents novel and out-of-the-box solutions that effectively tackle the growing demands of our infrastructure. The convergence between AI and civil engineering is an emerging frontier with tremendous potential. The book is likely to provide a boost to the state of infrastructure engineering by fostering a new look at civil engineering that capitalizes on AI as its main driver. It highlights the ongoing push to adopt and leverage AI to realize contemporary, intelligent, safe, and resilient infrastructure. The book comprises interdisciplinary and novel works from across the globe. It presents findings from innovative efforts supplemented with physical tests, numerical simulations, and case studies – all of which can be used as benchmarks to carry out future experiments and/or facilitate the development of future AI models in structural engineering, traffic engineering, construction engineering, and construction materials. The book will serve as a guide for a wide range of audiences, including senior undergraduate and graduate students, professionals, and government officials of civil, traffic, and computer engineering backgrounds, as well as for those engaged in urban planning and human sciences.
Author: Genet Hailu Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3346704378 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 19
Book Description
Research Paper (undergraduate) from the year 2017 in the subject Engineering - Civil Engineering, Addis Ababa University, course: Road and Transport Planning, language: English, abstract: As many of the developing countries Ethiopian's road network is mostly gravel. It comprises 82.7% of the road network. Road users and residences around these roads highly exposed to the dust generated due to traffic. In the past years so many techniques of dust reduction has been applied, starting from application of water to using chemical adhesives. In this work an alternative option for dust reduction is presented. Sub base materials from Gelan-Insilale-Legedadi DS6 road section and tear off asphalt pavement from Kality-Akaki road were bagged, tagged & transferred to laboratory. In laboratory in order to determine the engineering property ASTM & AASHTO standards were used. Precipitation Data from Ethiopian National Meteorology Agency, traffic count, vehicle classification of federal highway administration and laboratory test results of silt content & particle size multiplier K-value were used for adopting EPA3 dust quantification model & fugitive dust handbook equation. MINI-TAB17& Excel analyses were used to analyze the data. The result shows blending the 70% sub base with 30% RAP the dust emission was reduced by 17%. The method was also found to be both ecological & economical.
Author: Ryan J. Morgan Publisher: ISBN: Category : Dust control Languages : en Pages : 132
Book Description
This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of several widely used dust suppressants through quantitative field testing on two of Iowa's most widely used secondary road surface treatments: crushed limestone rock and alluvial sand/gravel. These commercially available dust suppressants included: lignin sulfonate, calcium chloride, and soybean oil soapstock. These suppressants were applied to 1000 ft test sections on four unpaved roads in Story County, Iowa.
Author: Thomas Griffin Sanders Publisher: ISBN: Category : Gravel roads Languages : en Pages : 48
Book Description
The report is an interim report for the first phase of an ongoing project entitled 'Effectiveness and Environmental Impact of Road Dust Suppressants' on the cooperative research of Colorado State University and the Larimer County Department of Roads and Bridges. The research was initiated in the summer of 1992 and will be completed by June 1994. The original project was extended due to the inability to collect dependable quantitative water quality and dust data in the first several months of the project. Although preliminary in nature, the research results indicate that: 1) road suppressants have an impact on the water quality concentrations of runoff from the treated road surfaces; 2) road dust production increases linearly with vehicle speed; 3) the lignin based suppressants appeared to perform better than the calcium chloride and magnesium chloride based suppressants; and 4) the measuring device, the Colorado State University Dustometer, developed in the research is a precise research tool which can be used in future dust studies, out-performing easily the stationary bucket method for collecting dust samples.
Author: Mohammed Ali Okok
Author: Mohammed Ali Okok
Author: Graham Foley
Author: Osama Abu Daoud
Author: Christopher Zenas Chamberlin
Author: Gregory E. Muleski
Author: Waleed Aleadelat
Author: M.Z. Naser
Author: Genet Hailu
Author: Ryan J. Morgan
Author: Thomas Griffin Sanders