Author: Lynda WebsterPublisher:
ISBN: 9788774821267
Category : Marine sediments
Languages : en
Pages : 18
Book Description
Determination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Sediment and Biota
Author: Lynda WebsterPublisher:
ISBN: 9788774821267
Category : Marine sediments
Languages : en
Pages : 18
Book Description
ICES Techniques in Marine Environmental Sciences
Author: Lynda WebsterA Risk-Management Strategy for PCB-Contaminated Sediments
Author: National Research CouncilPublisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309073219
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 451
Book Description
This book provides a risk-based framework for developing and implementing strategies to manage PCB-contaminated sediments at sites around the country. The framework has seven stages, beginning with problem definition, continuing through assessment of risks and management options, and ending with an evaluation of the success of the management strategy. At the center of the framework is continuous and active involvement of all affected parties-particularly communities-in the development, implementation, and evaluation of the management strategy. A Risk-Management Strategy for PCB-Contaminated Sediments emphasizes the need to consider all risks at a contaminated site, not just human health and ecological effects, but also the social, cultural, and economic impacts. Given the controversy that has arisen at many PCB-contaminated sites, this book provides a consistent, yet flexible, approach for dealing with the many issues associated with assessing and managing the risks at Superfund and other contaminated sites.
Determination of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins, Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans, and Dioxin-like Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Biota and Sediment
Author: Katrin VorkampPublisher:
ISBN: 9788774821090
Category : Marine organisms
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Sediment Quality and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in the Lower Neponset River, Massachusetts, and Implications for Urban River Restoration
Author: Robert F. BreaultPublisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN:
Category : Contaminated sediments
Languages : en
Pages : 60
Book Description
Using Polyethylene Passive Sampling to Assess Transport of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Between Contaminated Sediments, Water, and Biota
Author: Jennifer Nicole ApellPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 189
Book Description
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), which were a widely used group of chemicals before their manufacture was banned in 1979 in the United States, still contaminate numerous aquatic systems. Although there are ongoing efforts to remediate these sites, our ability to implement effective remediation strategies has been hindered by a limited understanding of how PCBs are transported in the environment as well as how they bioaccumulate into aquatic animals. Investigations of contaminated sites often rely on sediment measurements since PCB concentrations are highest in the sediment phase. However, previous research has shown that sediment concentrations are a poor predictor of contaminant fate and effects, whereas freely dissolved water concentrations were able to predict the extent of bioaccumulation and the onset of toxicological effects more accurately. Additionally, the concentration gradient between the porewater (i.e., the interstitial water in sediment beds) and the overlying water is thought to be a major driver in PCB transport from the sediment bed. Passive samplers, which are made of polymers like polyethylene (PE), accumulate PCBs when they are deployed into environmental media, can be used to estimate freely dissolved water concentrations. When used in the laboratory by mixing with sediment samples, they provide a measure of the sediment-water equilibrium porewater concentration. When deployed in the field, they can provide measures of the in situ porewater and overlying water concentrations. In this work, PE samplers were deployed at two Superfund sites contaminated with PCBs to investigate if in situ porewater and sediments were at equilibrium with each other. In situ porewater concentrations were consistently found to be lower than equilibrium concentrations at both sites, an effect that was likely caused by water flow through the sediment bed. At one of the sites, measurements of a geochemical tracer also showed that the exchange of porewater with overlying water was occurring and that the transport of PCBs from sediments was affected by more than just the concentration gradient. Lastly, the sorptive disequilibria between environmental media and the spatial heterogeneity of contamination were shown to affect the extent of bioaccumulation in aquatic animals at one of the sites.
Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Sediment and Biota of Jamaica Bay, New York
Author: Freda GelbartPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Polychlorinated biphenyls
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) and Hydroxylated PCBs in Serum from U.S. Children and Their Mothers and in Sediment from a Lake Michigan Waterway
Author: Rachel Frances MarekPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Polychlorinated biphenyls
Languages : en
Pages : 126
Book Description
In this dissertation I compare concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and hydroxylated PCBs (OH-PCB) in serum of children and their mothers from urban and rural U.S. communities, determine the variability of these concentrations from year to year, and report the detection of OH-PCBs in sediment from a Lake Michigan waterway and original commercial Aroclors. I developed extraction and analytical methods for the analysis of PCBs and OH-PCBs in 377 human serum samples and 20 sediment samples. I also developed a quality assurance protocol and analyzed more than 300 quality control samples for the purpose of generating an accurate, reproducible, representative, and precise data set. I found that concentrations of PCBs were much higher in mothers than their children, and concentrations of OH-PCBs were slightly higher in mothers than their children. Children were enriched in lower molecular weight PCBs indicating the importance of environmental exposure to their blood concentrations. I also determined that concentrations were similar between the urban and rural residents. These concentrations were similar to concentrations reported in the U.S. general population and other populations without high dietary PCB intake. In East Chicago and Columbus Junction participants, concentrations of OH-PCBs demonstrated a strong positive relationship with PCBs. Variability in PCB and OH-PCB concentration from the first year to the second in most participants exceeded the estimated analytical variability. Observed variability could be due to exposure differences, physiological changes such as metabolism and weight, or a combination. I also discovered the presence of OH-PCBs in the sediment from the Indiana Harbor and Ship Canal (IHSC), a Lake Michigan Waterway. In a first-approach, evidence from analysis of the correlations between OH-PCBs and PCBs in the same sediment is consistent with limited biotic activity. I also report OH-PCBs as contaminants in original commercial Aroclors, and OH-PCB profile similarities between the Aroclors and sediment suggest that Aroclors are the major source of OH-PCB contamination in IHSC. This is a significant finding because OH-PCB contamination of sediment exists anywhere that PCB contamination from Aroclors is present.
Natural and Induced Transformations of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Sediments
Author: Douglas B. McLaughlinPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 356
Book Description
Rates of Microbial Dechlorination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Anaerobic Sediments from Waukegan Harbor by J.B. Risatti ; Prepared for the Illinois Hazardous Waste Research and Information Center
Author: James Bruno RisattiPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dechlorination
Languages : en
Pages : 52
Book Description