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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The current methods used by the tissue analysis program at LASL for the determination of americium and plutonium in autopsy tissue are described. Problems affecting radiochemical yield are discussed. Included are problems associated with sample preparation, separation of plutonium from large amounts of bone ash, and reagent contamination. The average 242Pu tracer yield for 1800 Pu determinations is 78 +- 12%. The average 242Am tracer yield is 85 +- 7% for 40 determinations.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The current methods used by the tissue analysis program at LASL for the determination of americium and plutonium in autopsy tissue are described. Problems affecting radiochemical yield are discussed. Included are problems associated with sample preparation, separation of plutonium from large amounts of bone ash, and reagent contamination. The average 242Pu tracer yield for 1800 Pu determinations is 78 +- 12%. The average 242Am tracer yield is 85 +- 7% for 40 determinations.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The Autopsy Tissue Program was begun in 1960. To date, tissues on 900 or more persons in 7 geographic regions have been collected and analyzed for plutonium content. The tissues generally consist of lung, liver, kidney, lymph, bone, and gonadal tissues for each individual. The original objective of the program was to determine the level of plutonium in human tissues due solely to fallout from weapons testing. The baseline thus established was to be used to evaluate future changes. From the first, this program was beset with chemical and statistical difficulties. Many factors whose effects were not recognized and not planned for were found later to be important. Privacy and ethical considerations hindered the gathering of adequate data. Since the chemists were looking for amounts of plutonium very close to background, possible contamination was a very real problem. Widely used chemical techniques introduced a host of statistical problems. The difficulties encountered touch on areas common to large data sets, unusual outlier detection methods minimum detection limits, problems with aliquot sizes, and time-trends in the data. The conclusions point out areas to which the biologists will have to devote much more careful attention than was believed.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Procedures are described for isotopic analysis of large autopsy tissue samples for $sup 239$, $sup 240$Pu and $sup 238$Pu at Hanford. Internal tracers ($sup 242$Pu, $sup 236$Pu) are presently used to measure radiochemical recovery to an accuracy of +- 5 percent. Sample sizes may be up to at least 400g for soft tissues and up to 50g for bone with recoveries of 70 +- 30 percent. Some critical points of the procedure, problems and their solutions are discussed. (auth).
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The atmospheric nuclear tests have produced a worldwide fallout of transuranium elements. In addition to plutonium measurable concentrations of americium are to be found in terrestrial and aquatic environments. The metabolism of plutonium in reindeer was investigated by analyzing plutonium in liver, bone, and lung collected during 1963-1976. To determine the distribution of plutonium in reindeer all tissues of four animals of different ages were analyzed. To estimate the uptake of plutonium from the gastrointestinal tract in reindeer, the tissue samples of elk were also analyzed. Elk which is of the same genus as reindeer does not feed on lichen but mainly on deciduous plants, buds, young twigs, and leaves of trees and bushes. The composition of its feed corresponds fairly well to that of reindeer during the summer. Studies on behaviour of americium along the foodchain lichen-reindeer-man were started by determining the Am-241 concentrations in lichen and reindeer liver. The Am-241 results were compared with those of Pu-239,240. The plutonium contents of the southern Finns, whose diet does not contain reindeer tissues, were determined by analyzing autopsy tissue samples (liver, lung, and bone). The southern Finns form a control group to the Lapps consuming reindeer tissues. Plutonium analyses of the placenta, blood, and tooth samples of the Lapps were performed.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Power resources Languages : en Pages : 806
Book Description
Semiannual, with semiannual and annual indexes. References to all scientific and technical literature coming from DOE, its laboratories, energy centers, and contractors. Includes all works deriving from DOE, other related government-sponsored information, and foreign nonnuclear information. Arranged under 39 categories, e.g., Biomedical sciences, basic studies; Biomedical sciences, applied studies; Health and safety; and Fusion energy. Entry gives bibliographical information and abstract. Corporate, author, subject, report number indexes.
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Health and the Environment Publisher: ISBN: Category : Drugs Languages : en Pages : 1086
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Author: Travis C. Matthews
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Author: Los Alamos National Laboratory
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Health and the Environment
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Author: J. W. Stather