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Author: Binu Thomas Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
There are several determinants that could have an effect on in-licensing decisions by a pharmaceutical or biotech firm. This work studies over 200 licensing deals involving big pharma companies in the period (2011 - 2015) and identifies different factors that could play a role in licensing deals, and classifies these determinants into direct determinants and indirect determinants. The direct determinants are defined as determinants that are directly attributable to the molecule. The direct determinants could be related to the indications, type of molecule, effectiveness, safety dose, presentation, shelf-life, treatment cost, target clinicians, availability, owner, stage of development, patent life, product differentiation, number of competitors offering similar product, or the probability of regulatory and technical success. The indirect determinants include the management, type of organization, size of organization, location of the company, quality of scientific publications, scientific advisory board, and current reputation in a certain therapeutic area, stage of deal, and type of license sought, valuation approach, or up-fronts sought. While direct determinants are widely believed to be directly related to the licensing decisions, we find the indirect determinants also play a significant role in these decisions. This paper studies the recent licensing deals and finds that both internal and indirect determinants need to be focused in licensing efforts.
Author: Binu Thomas Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
There are several determinants that could have an effect on in-licensing decisions by a pharmaceutical or biotech firm. This work studies over 200 licensing deals involving big pharma companies in the period (2011 - 2015) and identifies different factors that could play a role in licensing deals, and classifies these determinants into direct determinants and indirect determinants. The direct determinants are defined as determinants that are directly attributable to the molecule. The direct determinants could be related to the indications, type of molecule, effectiveness, safety dose, presentation, shelf-life, treatment cost, target clinicians, availability, owner, stage of development, patent life, product differentiation, number of competitors offering similar product, or the probability of regulatory and technical success. The indirect determinants include the management, type of organization, size of organization, location of the company, quality of scientific publications, scientific advisory board, and current reputation in a certain therapeutic area, stage of deal, and type of license sought, valuation approach, or up-fronts sought. While direct determinants are widely believed to be directly related to the licensing decisions, we find the indirect determinants also play a significant role in these decisions. This paper studies the recent licensing deals and finds that both internal and indirect determinants need to be focused in licensing efforts.
Author: Karen Rupp-Serrano Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1136438645 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 230
Book Description
Seasoned professionals examine essential licensing issues Licensing in Libraries: Practical and Ethical Aspects is designed to help librarians, publishers, students, and professionals in library licensing stay at the forefront of this rapidly evolving field. Experienced professionals present state-of-the-art information on licensing issues, including interlibrary loan contract management, end-user education, pricing models for electronic materials, copyright, public domain issues, e-books, consortial licensing, licensing software, and legal aspects of licensing, as well as an important historical perspective on the development of the field. Licensing in Libraries provides publishers with important considerations that impact their roles as vendors of licensed products. Licensing professionals can update their knowledge with a close look at the controversial issues surrounding licensing special collections, digital rights management, and producers’ concerns about content. The book also looks at the role of the Copyright Clearance Center regarding compliance in the electronic environment. Licensing in Libraries examines: licensing from both a vendor and consumer perspective software to help manage licenses factors for vendors to consider when deciding on pricing models current information on the more complex levels of licensing the developing world of e-book licensing licensing laws of concern to librarians the impact that licensing has on library services educating patrons about products they will use
Author: Arvids A. Ziedonis Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 34
Book Description
This paper examines the use of options contracts by firms acquiring rights to commercialize university technologies. By combining information about the sequence of licensing decisions with characteristics of the firms and technologies involved, I explore factors that shape decisions to purchase and exercise option contracts for these technologies. Decisions by firms that considered but did not purchase an option or a license are included in the sample. Consistent with the basic premise of real options theory, I find that firms are more likely to purchase option contracts for more uncertain technologies. Also in line with theoretical predictions, I find that firms better able to evaluate an external technology are less likely to purchase options before licensing. The results also highlight more complex motives for exercising options in technology licensing. On the one hand, firms appear to benefit from their ability to learn about the technology during the option period. On the other hand, firms better able to quot;absorbquot; the technology during the contract period may have reduced incentives to subsequently license the invention.
Author: World Intellectual Property Organization Publisher: WIPO ISBN: 9280526332 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 68
Book Description
This Manual focuses on issues essential for understanding licensing, including: the context in which licensing may occur; key terms of a licensing agreement and negotiation methods; and how to prepare for and negotiate a win-win licensing contract.
Author: Andrea Fosfuri Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The licensing of technology entails a tradeoff: Licensing payments net of transaction costs (revenue effect) must be balanced against the lower price-cost margin and/or reduced market share implied by increased competition (profit dissipation effect) from the licensee. We argue that the presence of multiple technology holders, which compete in the market for technology, changes such a tradeoff and triggers more aggressive licensing behavior. To test our theory, we analyze technology licensing by large chemical firms during the period 1986-96 for 107 chemical products. We find that the rate of technology licensing displays an inverted U-shaped relationship with the number of potential technology suppliers and is negatively related to the licensor's market share and to the degree of technology-specific product differentiation.
Author: Bernard M. Hoekman Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 0821361260 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 370
Book Description
The importance of international technology diffusion (ITD) for economic development can hardly be overstated. Both the acquisition of technology and its diffusion foster productivity growth. Developing countries have long sought to use both national policies and international agreements to stimulate ITD. The 'correct' policy intervention, if any, depends critically upon the channels through which technology diffuses internationally and the quantitative effects of the various diffusion processes on efficiency and productivity growth. Neither is well understood. New technologies may be embodied in goods and transferred through imports of new varieties of differentiated products or capital goods and equipment, they may be obtained through exposure to foreign buyers or foreign investors or they may be acquired through arms-length trade in intellectual property, e.g., licensing contracts. 'Global Integration and Technology Transfer' uses cross-country and firm level panel data sets to analyze how specific activities exporting, importing, FDI, joint ventures impact on productivity performance.
Author: Jean Tirole Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 54
Book Description
This paper is an initial exploration of the determinants of open source license choice. It first enumerates the various considerations that should figure into the licensor's choice of contractual terms, in particular highlighting how the decision is shaped not just by the preferences of the licensor itself, but also by that of the community of developers. The paper then presents an empirical analysis of the determinants of license choice using the SourceForge database, a compilation of nearly 40,000 open source projects. Projects geared toward end-users tend to have restrictive licenses, while those oriented toward developers are less likely to do so. Projects that are designed to run on commercial operating systems and those geared towards the Internet are less likely to have restrictive licenses. Finally, projects that are likely to be attractive to consumers--such as games--are more likely to have restrictive licenses. A more tentative conclusion based on a much smaller sample is that projects that involve software developed in a corporate setting are likely to have more restrictive licenses. These findings are broadly consistent with theoretical predictions.
Author: Binu Thomas
Author: Binu Thomas
Author: Jerome Rabow
Author: Karen Rupp-Serrano
Author: Arvids A. Ziedonis
Author: World Intellectual Property Organization
Author: Sharon Belenzon
Author: Andrea Fosfuri
Author: Richard Stim
Author: Bernard M. Hoekman
Author: Jean Tirole