Detection of Pathogen Spillover Between Managed Honey Bees (Apis Mellifera L.) and Native Pollinators (Bombus Spp.) Through Quantification of RNA Viruses PDF Download
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Author: Cole Robson-Hyska Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
RNA viruses are a contributor to recent honey bee disappearances and may have spilled over to bumble bees from honey bees (HB). This hypothesis is addressed by comparing the prevalence and intensity of seven viruses in bumble bees captured in proximity to and isolation from managed honey bee colonies. Additionally, sampling method for bees and different storage variables are compared for accuracy in estimating viruses in field-caught specimens. Prevalence was lower in isolated bumble bees for DWV, BQCV and SBV and higher for IAPV. KBV, ABPV and CBPV infections were rare. Virus intensity was higher in HB-exposed sites than unexposed sites for one virus and never higher in bumble bees than in honey bees. This suggests that spillover is likely, but viral dynamics are complicated and movement may occur in both directions. Additionally, specimens should be stored at -80°C with no medium recommended for relative preservation of host and viral RNA.
Author: Cole Robson-Hyska Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
RNA viruses are a contributor to recent honey bee disappearances and may have spilled over to bumble bees from honey bees (HB). This hypothesis is addressed by comparing the prevalence and intensity of seven viruses in bumble bees captured in proximity to and isolation from managed honey bee colonies. Additionally, sampling method for bees and different storage variables are compared for accuracy in estimating viruses in field-caught specimens. Prevalence was lower in isolated bumble bees for DWV, BQCV and SBV and higher for IAPV. KBV, ABPV and CBPV infections were rare. Virus intensity was higher in HB-exposed sites than unexposed sites for one virus and never higher in bumble bees than in honey bees. This suggests that spillover is likely, but viral dynamics are complicated and movement may occur in both directions. Additionally, specimens should be stored at -80°C with no medium recommended for relative preservation of host and viral RNA.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309102898 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 327
Book Description
Pollinators-insects, birds, bats, and other animals that carry pollen from the male to the female parts of flowers for plant reproduction-are an essential part of natural and agricultural ecosystems throughout North America. For example, most fruit, vegetable, and seed crops and some crops that provide fiber, drugs, and fuel depend on animals for pollination. This report provides evidence for the decline of some pollinator species in North America, including America's most important managed pollinator, the honey bee, as well as some butterflies, bats, and hummingbirds. For most managed and wild pollinator species, however, population trends have not been assessed because populations have not been monitored over time. In addition, for wild species with demonstrated declines, it is often difficult to determine the causes or consequences of their decline. This report outlines priorities for research and monitoring that are needed to improve information on the status of pollinators and establishes a framework for conservation and restoration of pollinator species and communities.
Author: Jeff Ollerton Publisher: Pelagic Publishing Ltd ISBN: 1784272299 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 425
Book Description
A unique and personal insight into the ecology and evolution of pollinators, their relationships with flowers, and their conservation in a rapidly changing world. The pollination of flowers by insects, birds and other animals is a fundamentally important ecological function that supports both the natural world and human society. Without pollinators to facilitate the sexual reproduction of plants, the world would be a biologically poorer place in which to live, there would be an impact on food security, and human health would suffer. Written by one of the world’s leading pollination ecologists, this book provides an introduction to what pollinators are, how their interactions with flowers have evolved, and the fundamental ecology of these relationships. It explores the pollination of wild and agricultural plants in a variety of habitats and contexts, including urban, rural and agricultural environments. The author also provides practical advice on how individuals and organisations can study, and support, pollinators. As well as covering the natural history of pollinators and flowers, the author discusses their cultural importance, and the ways in which pollinator conservation has been portrayed from a political perspective. The book draws on field work experiences in South America, Africa, Australia, the Canary Islands and the UK. For over 30 years the author has spent his career researching how plants and pollinators evolve relationships, how these interactions function ecologically, their importance for society, and how we can conserve them in a rapidly changing world. This book offers a unique and personal insight into the science of pollinators and pollination, aimed at anyone who is interested in understanding these fascinating and crucial ecological interactions.
Author: Byrony C Bonning Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0120398680 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 513
Book Description
Baculoviruses are perhaps unique among viruses in the breadth of their biotechnological applications: these insect specific viruses are used not only for insect pest management purposes, but also as laboratory research tools for production of recombinant proteins and for protein display, and as potential vectors for human gene therapy. In addition to highlighting recent advances, this volume provides a comprehensive review of the biotechnological applications of these and other insect viruses in both the academic and private sectors.
Author: The Xerces Society Publisher: Storey Publishing, LLC ISBN: 1603427473 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 385
Book Description
With the recent decline of the European honey bee, it is more important than ever to encourage the activity of other native pollinators to keep your flowers beautiful and your grains and produce plentiful. In Attracting Native Pollinators, you’ll find ideas for building nesting structures and creating a welcoming habitat for an array of diverse pollinators that includes not only bees, but butterflies, moths, and more. Take action and protect North America’s food supply for the future, while at the same time enjoying a happily bustling landscape.
Author: Ann E. Hajek Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119256062 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 742
Book Description
A rapidly growing interdisciplinary field, disease ecology merges key ideas from ecology, medicine, genetics, immunology, and epidemiology to study how hosts and pathogens interact in populations, communities, and entire ecosystems. Bringing together contributions from leading international experts on the ecology of diseases among invertebrate species, this book provides a comprehensive assessment of the current state of the field. Beginning with an introductory overview of general principles and methodologies, the book continues with in-depth discussions of a range of critical issues concerning invertebrate disease epidemiology, molecular biology, vectors, and pathogens. Topics covered in detail include: Methods for studying the ecology of invertebrate diseases and pathogens Invertebrate pathogen ecology and the ecology of pathogen groups Applied ecology of invertebrate pathogens Leveraging the ecology of invertebrate pathogens in microbial control Prevention and management of infectious diseases of aquatic invertebrates Ecology of Invertebrate Diseases is a necessary and long overdue addition to the world literature on this vitally important subject. This volume belongs on the reference shelves of all those involved in the environmental sciences, genetics, microbiology, marine biology, immunology, epidemiology, fisheries and wildlife science, and related disciplines.
Author: Giovanni Cilia Publisher: ISBN: 9783036529639 Category : Languages : en Pages : 214
Book Description
Honey bee pathogens are spread worldwide and are strongly related to the decline of honey bee populations, which has severe implications for beekeeping, honey production and ecology. Honey bee pathogens are continuously studied by researchers with the aim to better understand the host-parasite relationship of these pathogens and the effects that they have on bee colonies. Honey bee pathogens include bacteria (i.e., Melissococcus plutonius and Paenibacillus larvae), microsporidia (i.e., Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae), fungi (i.e., Ascosphaera apis), protozoa (i.e., Lotmaria passim, Crithidia bombi and Crithidia mellificae) and viruses (i.e., ABPV, CBPV, IAPV, KBV, DWV, BQCV and SBV). All of these pathogens are able to infect other bee species; infections would have important implications for their life cycles (e.g., Osmia sp. and Bombus sp.) or cause unknown epidemiological effects for other hymenopterans. In addition, old and new invasive pests (such as Varroa destructor, Aethina tumida, Vespa velutina, etc.) necessitate more studies to define their role as possible vectors or possible sources of infection for honey bees. For these reasons, knowledge on honey bee pathogens has become a matter of public interest and is connected with the critical role of honey bee health. The aim of this Special Issue is to explore honey bee pathogens, considering any aspect in relation to host-pathogen interaction and highlighting the possible interaction and spillover with other bee species and invasive pests, through a series of research articles that focus on different aspects of pathologies.
Author: Eileen M Stark Publisher: Mountaineers Books ISBN: 1594858675 Category : Gardening Languages : en Pages : 645
Book Description
CLICK HERE to download sample native plants from Real Gardens Grow Natives For many people, the most tangible and beneficial impact they can have on the environment is right in their own yard. Aimed at beginning and veteran gardeners alike, Real Gardens Grow Natives is a stunningly photographed guide that helps readers plan, implement, and sustain a retreat at home that reflects the natural world. Gardening with native plants that naturally belong and thrive in the Pacific Northwest’s climate and soil not only nurtures biodiversity, but provides a quintessential Northwest character and beauty to yard and neighborhood! For gardeners and conservationists who lack the time to read through lengthy design books and plant lists or can’t afford a landscape designer, Real Gardens Grow Natives is accessible yet comprehensive and provides the inspiration and clear instruction needed to create and sustain beautiful, functional, and undemanding gardens. With expert knowledge from professional landscape designer Eileen M. Stark, Real Gardens Grow Natives includes: * Detailed profiles of 100 select native plants for the Pacific Northwest west of the Cascades, plus related species, helping make plant choice and placement. * Straightfoward methods to enhance or restore habitat and increase biodiversity * Landscape design guidance for various-sized yards, including sample plans * Ways to integrate natives, edibles, and nonnative ornamentals within your garden * Specific planting procedures and secrets to healthy soil * Techniques for propagating your own native plants * Advice for easy, maintenance using organic methods
Author: Cole Robson-Hyska
Author: Cole Robson-Hyska
Author: National Research Council
Author: Jeff Ollerton
Author: Byrony C Bonning
Author: Eva Crane
Author: The Xerces Society
Author: Ann E. Hajek
Author: Kenneth Wilson
Author: Giovanni Cilia
Author: Eileen M Stark