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Author: Hoi-Sheung Wilson So Publisher: ISBN: 9780542826597 Category : Languages : en Pages : 216
Book Description
In summary, through analysis, simulation, and experiments, we show that it is possible to increase throughput of an ad hoc wireless network by using multiple channels efficiently even though each node can only use one channel at a time.
Author: Hoi-Sheung Wilson So Publisher: ISBN: 9780542826597 Category : Languages : en Pages : 216
Book Description
In summary, through analysis, simulation, and experiments, we show that it is possible to increase throughput of an ad hoc wireless network by using multiple channels efficiently even though each node can only use one channel at a time.
Author: Khaled Hatem Almotairi Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 149
Book Description
In the past decade, the development of wireless communication technologies has made the use of the Internet ubiquitous. With the increasing number of new inventions and applications using wireless communication, more interference is introduced among wireless devices that results in limiting the capacity of wireless networks. Many approaches have been proposed to improve the capacity. One approach is to exploit multiple channels by allowing concurrent transmissions, and therefore it can provide high capacity. Many available, license-exempt, and non-overlapping channels are the main advantages of using this approach. Another approach that increases the network capacity is to adjust the transmission power; hence, it reduces interference among devices and increases the spatial reuse. Integrating both approaches provides further capacity. However, without careful transmission power control (TPC) design, the network performance is limited. The first part of this thesis tackles the integration to efficiently use multiple channels with an effective TPC design in a distributed manner. We examine the deficiency of uncontrolled asymmetrical transmission power in multi-channel ad hoc wireless networks. To overcome this deficiency, we propose a novel distributed transmission power control protocol called the distributed power level (DPL) protocol for multi-channel ad hoc wireless networks. DPL allocates different maximum allowable power values to different channels so that the nodes that require higher transmission power are separated from interfering with the nodes that require lower transmission power. As a result, nodes select their channels based on their minimum required transmission power to reduce interference over the channels. We also introduce two TPC modes for the DPL protocol: symmetrical and asymmetrical. For the symmetrical mode, nodes transmit at the power that has been assigned to the selected channel, thereby creating symmetrical links over any channel. The asymmetrical mode, on the other hand, allows nodes to transmit at a power that can be lower than or equal to the power assigned to the selected channel. In the second part of this thesis, we propose the multi-channel MAC protocol with hopping reservation (MMAC-HR) for multi-hop ad hoc networks to overcome the multi-channel exposed terminal problem, which leads to poor channel utilization over multiple channels. The proposed protocol is distributed, does not require clock synchronization, and fully supports broadcasting information. In addition, MMAC-HR does not require nodes to monitor the control channel in order to determine whether or not data channels are idle; instead, MMAC-HR employs carrier sensing and independent slow channel hopping without exchanging information to reduce the overhead. In the last part of this thesis, a novel multi-channel MAC protocol is developed without requiring any change to the IEEE 802.11 standard known as the dynamic switching protocol (DSP) based on the parallel rendezvous approach. DSP utilizes the available channels by allowing multiple transmissions at the same time and avoids congestion because it does not need a dedicated control channel and enables nodes dynamically switch among channels. Specifically, DSP employs two half-duplex interfaces: One interface follows fast hopping and the other one follows slow hopping. The fast hopping interface is used primarily for transmission and the slow hopping interface is used generally for reception. Moreover, the slow hopping interface never deviates from its default hopping sequence to avoid the busy receiver problem. Under single-hop ad hoc environments, an analytical model is developed and validated. The maximum saturation throughput and theoretical throughput upper limit of the proposed protocol are also obtained.
Author: Hongyi Wu Publisher: Nova Publishers ISBN: 9781600219443 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 662
Book Description
Wireless technologies and applications are becoming one of the fastest growing and most promising areas in recent years. To accommodate data transmission by multiple stations sharing the scarce wireless bandwidth, a medium access control (MAC) protocol plays a crucial role in scheduling packet transmission fairly and efficiently. The emerging wireless networks, such as ad-hoc networks, sensor networks or mesh networks, are mostly multi-hop based and in distributed manner, which brings a lot of problems and challenges in designing fine-tuned MAC protocols tailored for modern wireless network. In this book, the authors give complete and in-depth overviews to the classic medium access control algorithms and the related protocols, as well as their applications in various wireless data networks especially the most successful Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN). The book consists of three major parts. Part I of this book, including Chapters 1-7, is emphasising on the fundamentals of medium access control algorithms and protocols. Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the wireless networks, such as overview of wireless networks, problems and challenges of the wireless networks, and the classifications of MAC protocols as well as the performance metrics. Chapter 2 introduces important collision resolution algorithms applied in medium access controls, for example, the splitting algorithm and the backoff algorithm. Chapter 3 reviews the hybrid access control algorithms that combine both contention and allocation schemes. A series of important collision avoidance schemes are introduced in Chapters 4-7 respectively, with a specific design goal covered in each chapter. Chapter 4 focuses on the multi-channel MAC protocols for collision avoidance; Chapter 5 introduces the concepts of power control and power management in medium access control and how they can be applied in MAC protocol design; Chapter 6 presents how to provide Quality-of- Service (QoS) to multimedia wireless networks, in either centralised or distributed manner; and Chapter 7 explains how the smart antennas can be applied in the medium access control to provide high channel throughput and low packet collision.
Author: Yuhan Moon Publisher: ISBN: Category : Ad hoc networks (Computer networks) Languages : en Pages : 151
Book Description
Today, many wireless networks are single-channel systems. However, as the interest in wireless services increases, the contention by nodes to occupy the medium is more intense and interference worsens. One direction with the potential to increase system throughput is multi-channel systems. Multi-channel systems have been shown to reduce collisions and increase concurrency thus producing better bandwidth usage. However, the well-known hidden- and exposed-terminal problems inherited from single-channel systems remain, and a new channel selection problem is introduced. In this dissertation, Multi-channel medium access control (MAC) protocols are proposed for mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) for nodes equipped with a single half-duplex transceiver, using more sophisticated physical layer technologies. These include code division multiple access (CDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), and diversity. CDMA increases channel reuse, while OFDMA enables communication by multiple users in parallel. There is a challenge to using each technology in MANETs, where there is no fixed infrastructure or centralized control. CDMA suffers from the near-far problem, while OFDMA requires channel synchronization to decode the signal. As a result CDMA and OFDMA are not yet widely used. Cooperative (diversity) mechanisms provide vital information to facilitate communication set-up between source-destination node pairs and help overcome limitations of physical layer technologies in MANETs. In this dissertation, the Cooperative CDMA-based Multi-channel MAC (CCM-MAC) protocol uses CDMA to enable concurrent transmissions on each channel. The Power-controlled CDMA-based Multi-channel MAC (PCC-MAC) protocol uses transmission power control at each node and mitigates collisions of control packets on the control channel by using different sizes of the spreading factor to have different processing gains for the control signals. The Cooperative Dual-access Multi-channel MAC (CDM-MAC) protocol combines the use of OFDMA and CDMA and minimizes channel interference by a resolvable balanced incomplete block design (BIBD). In each protocol, cooperating nodes help reduce the incidence of the multi-channel hidden- and exposed-terminal and help address the near-far problem of CDMA by supplying information. Simulation results show that each of the proposed protocols achieve significantly better system performance when compared to IEEE 802.11, other multi-channel protocols, and another protocol CDMA-based.
Author: Divya Sardana Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 81
Book Description
Ad hoc networks have become a popular type of wireless network in the present world. In order to match with the increasing demand of ad hoc networks, a lot of research is being done towards solving the issues related to the design of ad hoc networks. The design of a Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol for ad hoc networks is one such issue. Traditional MAC protocols involve the use of a single channel as the wireless medium. However, throughput of a single channel MAC degrades as the node traffic in the system increases. One of the interesting approaches towards alleviating this problem is the use of more than one channel as the underlying medium. The use of multiple channels allows more than one communication to take place simultaneously thereby improving the throughput of the system. Multiple channels have been mostly used in the literature by assigning one of the channels as the control channel used only for control packet transfer and the rest of the channels as data channels used for Data packet transfer. Using such an approach towards designing a multi-channel MAC protocol leads to a poor utilization of the available bandwidth. In this thesis, we propose a multi-channel MAC protocol called as Control-channel Reuse based Multi-channel MAC (CRM-MAC) which aims at improving the overall bandwidth utilization. We illustrate the efficacy of our protocol through elaborate simulations.
Author: Ekram Hossain Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 0387688390 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 351
Book Description
This book collects articles featuring recent advances in the theory and applications of wireless mesh networking technology. The contributed articles, from the leading experts in the field, cover both theoretical concepts and system-level implementation issues. The book starts with the essential background on the basic concepts and architectures of wireless mesh networking and then presents advanced level materials in a step-by-step fashion.
Author: C. Siva Ram Murthy Publisher: Pearson Education ISBN: 0132465698 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 1050
Book Description
Practical design and performance solutions for every ad hoc wireless network Ad Hoc Wireless Networks comprise mobile devices that use wireless transmission for communication. They can be set up anywhere and any time because they eliminate the complexities of infrastructure setup and central administration-and they have enormous commercial and military potential. Now, there's a book that addresses every major issue related to their design and performance. Ad Hoc Wireless Networks: Architectures and Protocols presents state-of-the-art techniques and solutions, and supports them with easy-to-understand examples. The book starts off with the fundamentals of wireless networking (wireless PANs, LANs, MANs, WANs, and wireless Internet) and goes on to address such current topics as Wi-Fi networks, optical wireless networks, and hybrid wireless architectures. Coverage includes: Medium access control, routing, multicasting, and transport protocols QoS provisioning, energy management, security, multihop pricing, and much more In-depth discussion of wireless sensor networks and ultra wideband technology More than 200 examples and end-of-chapter problems Ad Hoc Wireless Networks is an invaluable resource for every network engineer, technical manager, and researcher designing or building ad hoc wireless networks.
Author: Afef Sayadi Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Wireless multi-hop ad hoc and sensor networks provide a promising solution to ensure ubiquitous connectivity for the Future Internet. Good network connectivity requires designing a reliable Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol, which is a challenging task in the ad hoc and sensor environments. The broadcast and shared nature of the wireless channel renders the bandwidth resources limited and expose the transmissions to relatively high collisions and loss rates. The necessity to provide guaranteed Quality of Service (QoS) to the upper layers triggered the design of conflict-free MAC protocols. The TDMA synchronization constraint is basically behind the rush of MAC protocol design based on a fixed frame size. This design shows inflexibility towards network variations and creates a network dimensioning issue that leads to a famine risk in case the network is under-dimensioned, and to a waste of resources, otherwise. Moreover, the alternative dynamic protocols provide more adaptive solutions to network topology variations at the expense of a fair access to the channel. Alongside with the efficient channel usage and the fair medium access, reducing the energy consumption represents another challenge for ad hoc and sensor networks. Solutions like node activity scheduling tend to increase the network lifetime while fulfilling the application requirements in terms of throughput and delay, for instance. Our contributions, named OSTR and S-OSTR, address the shortcomings of the medium access control protocol design in the challenging environment of wireless multi-hop ad hoc and sensor networks, respectively. For OSTR the idea consists in adopting a dynamic TDMA frame size that increases slot-by-slot according to the nodes arrival/departure to/from the network, and aiming to achieve a minimum frame size. For this end, OSTR couples three major attributes: (1) performing slot-by-slot frame size increase, (2) providing a spatial reuse scheme that favors the reuse of the same slot if possible, (3) and ensuring an on-demand frame size increase only according to the node requirements in terms of throughput. To tackle different frame sizes co-existence in the network, OSTR brings a cooperative solution that consists in fixing an appointment, a date when the frame size in the network is increased. Concerning S-OSTR, it is an amendment of OSTR for wireless sensor networks. It brings the idea of a dynamic active period, since it deploys a dynamic frame size that is built slot-by-slot according to nodes arrival to the network. S-OSTR enforces the slot-by-slot frame size increase by a node activity scheduling to prolong the inactivity period in the network, and hence prolong the overall network lifetime for wireless sensor networks. Our contributions are both based on the new dynamic TDMA frame size increase that consists in increasing the frame size slot-by-slot aiming to achieve a shorter frame size, and hence improve the channel utilization, and reduce the energy consumption. The performance analysis of OSTR and S-OSTR shows that they present good potentials to support QoS requirements, to provide energy-efficiency, to ensure fair medium access, to accommodate network topology changes and finally, to enhance robustness against scalability. The impact of this new TDMA frame size increase technique on the medium access control protocol performance is highlighted through multiple simulations of OSTR and S-OSTR. Multiple comparative studies are also handled to point out the effectiveness of this new technique and the soundness of our contributions.
Author: Hoi-Sheung Wilson So
Author: Hoi-Sheung Wilson So
Author: Khaled Hatem Almotairi
Author: Hongyi Wu
Author: Yuhan Moon
Author: Divya Sardana
Author: Jungmin So
Author: Ekram Hossain
Author: C. Siva Ram Murthy
Author: Afef Sayadi
Author: Venkatesh Rajendran